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Diabetes:促进β细胞增殖 为糖尿病治疗提供新希望

2018-05-23 MedSci MedSci原创

糖尿病主要包括因自身免疫系统失调导致的1型糖尿病和因胰岛素抵抗或胰岛素分泌不足导致的2型糖尿病两种主要类型。对于这两类病人来说,能够增加β细胞量的治疗方法都对糖尿病治疗大有益处。

糖尿病主要包括因自身免疫系统失调导致的1型糖尿病和因胰岛素抵抗或胰岛素分泌不足导致的2型糖尿病两种主要类型。对于这两类病人来说,能够增加β细胞量的治疗方法都对糖尿病治疗大有益处。

一些研究表明葡萄糖是能够通过促进β细胞增殖推动β细胞量增加的天然有丝分裂原,而碳水化合物应答元件结合蛋白(ChREBPα)是葡萄糖刺激β细胞增殖所需要的一个重要因子,过表达ChREBPα能够放大葡萄糖的促增殖作用。

在最近一项发表在国际学术期刊Diabetes上的研究中,来自美国西奈山伊坎医学院的研究人员进一步发现ChREBPα能够对合成代谢进行重编程以促进细胞增殖。非常显着的是,ChREBPα能够增加线粒体生成,氧气消耗速率和ATP合成。除此之外研究人员还发现ChREBPa对细胞增殖的增强作用需要ChREBPβ的参与。

更为重要的是,研究结果表明ChREBPα能够增加Nrf2的表达和活性,开启抗氧化和线粒体生成程序,从而增强葡萄糖刺激下的β细胞增殖。并且过表达Nrf2足以在体外促进人β细胞的增殖这进一步证实了该信号途径的重要性。

总得来说,这些结果揭示了调节β细胞增殖的一个新途径,未来或可用于β细胞再生疗法的开发并用于糖尿病治疗。

原始出处:
Kumar A, Katz LS, Schulz AM, et al.Activation of Nrf2 is Required for Normal and ChREBPα-Augmented Glucose-Stimulated β-Cell Proliferation.Diabetes. 2018 May 15. pii: db170943. doi: 10.2337/db17-0943.

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    2018-09-09 珙桐
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    2018-05-23 orangesking

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