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RESONSE:护士组织协调的预防项目对急性冠脉综合征后心血管风险的影响

2010-09-09 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

    摘要:心血管疾病的二级预防指南与实际执行情况还有很大差距。在RESONSE研究中,我们定量分析了基于医院的护士组织协调的预防项目对于确诊的冠状动脉疾病患者发生远期并发症的影响。    方法:RESONSE是一项荷兰进行的11个医疗中心参与的随机临床试验。纳入患者年龄从18至80岁不等,在入选前8周内因急性冠脉临床事件住院。患者被随

    摘要:心血管疾病的二级预防指南与实际执行情况还有很大差距。在RESONSE研究中,我们定量分析了基于医院的护士组织协调的预防项目对于确诊的冠状动脉疾病患者发生远期并发症的影响。
    方法:RESONSE是一项荷兰进行的11个医疗中心参与的随机临床试验。纳入患者年龄从18至80岁不等,在入选前8周内因急性冠脉临床事件住院。患者被随机分到常规护理+护士组织协调的预防项目组(干预组)或常规护理组(对照组)。干预组中患者在入选后半年内至少到门诊接受4次护士随访。护士的随访方案以目前的指南为基准,着重于倡导健康生活方式(戒烟、进行足量的运动、控制体重/脂肪分布在健康范围内)、减少危险因素(控制血压、血脂,筛查糖尿病,控制糖尿病患者的血糖)和坚持规律用药。在研究开始、入选后6月、12月分别收集资料。研究的主要终点结果为 12月时(最后一次接受护士随访后的6个月)SCORE 10年心血管风险评分。SCORE包括年龄、性别、总胆固醇水平、收缩压和吸烟。次要临床结果为危险因素控制良好的患者比例(定义为9个危险因素至少控制达7个)。该项试验在Trialregister.nl注册,编码为TC1290。
    结果:754名参与者被随机分到干预组(n=377)和对照组(n=377)。干预组12月时SCORE为 4.5%,对照组为5.4%,即相对风险下降了16.9%(p=0.029)。12月时的危险因素控制良好者在干预组占35%,对照组为25%(增加了 37%,p=0.006)。两组的坚持用药情况均良好,没有显著差异。
    结论:6个月的护士干预显著改善了危险因素的控制,因此能够显著、持久的降低心血管疾病风险。这个项目很容易在临床实践中施行。

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