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PLOS MED:增加烟草税,健康收益增加,医疗支出减少

2015-07-29 MedSci 译 MedSci原创

烟草的使用无疑是世界上最主要的健康损害的风险因素。越来越多的国家考虑如何减少甚至终结烟草的消费。提高烟草税是一种潜在的策略来实现这一目标。提高烟草税有许多好处,比如完善政府的职责与功能、可以增加政府额外的税收收入并且可以以此收入来资助其他方面的控烟工作。来自新西兰奥塔哥大学的研究人员评估了烟草税持续上升对于健康、健康差异和医疗系统花费的影响。烟草税从2011年到2031年以每年10%的速度增长。本

烟草的使用无疑是世界上最主要的健康损害的风险因素。越来越多的国家考虑如何减少甚至终结烟草的消费。提高烟草税是一种潜在的策略来实现这一目标。提高烟草税有许多好处,比如完善政府的职责与功能、可以增加政府额外的税收收入并且可以以此收入来资助其他方面的控烟工作。来自新西兰奥塔哥大学的研究人员评估了烟草税持续上升对于健康、健康差异和医疗系统花费的影响。烟草税从2011年到2031年以每年10%的速度增长。本研究在新西兰开展,新西兰有着巨大的与吸烟相关的种族差异和非传染病负担。
 

研究人员平行地建立了16个与烟草相关的疾病模型。使用了性别、年龄和种族划分的国家数据来估计无折扣的质量校正寿命(QALYs)以及2011年人口(n=440万)剩余寿命的网状健康系统花费。相对于无烟草税,暴露在每年烟草税增加中的队列,花费节约25.5亿美元,总共获得260000QALYs。QALY收益和花费节约需要50年达到顶峰,这是由于一些因素比如年轻吸烟者的价格敏感性。非毛利人每个人的QALY收益是毛利人的3.7倍。这是由于毛利人有着更高的背景吸烟率和价格敏感性。
 
此次研究表明,持续性的烟草税收增长将带来巨大的健康收益并且为医疗卫生系统节约大量的支出,从而更有可能减少健康差异。然而,如果政策制定者希望取得更快的进展,那么还需要重视戒烟的问题。

原始出处:

Blakely T, Cobiac LJ, Cleghorn CL,Pearson AL, van der Deen FS, Kvizhinadze G, et al. (2015) Health, Health Inequality, and Cost Impacts of Annual Increases in Tobacco Tax: Multistate Life Table Modeling in New Zealand. PLoS Med 12(7): e1001856. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1001856

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    2015-07-31 mnda
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    2015-07-30 lovetcm

    关键在中国,是不是也是这样?需要做研究

    0

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