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BMJ:恶性贫血与髓内溶血——案例报道

2016-08-08 Seven L 译 MedSci原创

患者男,45岁,中等强度运动后进行性虚弱、胸部不适2月。1个月前出现苍白、眼黄。有焦虑史,使用阿普唑仑治疗。就诊时患者的生命体征正常,全身轻度苍白、巩膜黄染、肝大不伴触痛。实验室检查:血红蛋白70 g/L(参考范围13-17),红细胞平均体积111.5 FL(80-83)、红细胞压积19.4%(40-50%)、白细胞计数3.3×109/L(4-10)、血小板计数151×109/L(150-450)

患者男,45岁,中等强度运动后进行性虚弱、胸部不适2月。1个月前出现苍白、眼黄。有焦虑史,使用阿普唑仑治疗。

就诊时患者的生命体征正常,全身轻度苍白、巩膜黄染、肝大不伴触痛。

实验室检查:血红蛋白70 g/L(参考范围13-17),红细胞平均体积111.5 FL(80-83)、红细胞压积19.4%(40-50%)、白细胞计数3.3×109/L(4-10)、血小板计数151×109/L(150-450)、网织红细胞生产指数0.52(> 2)、乳酸脱氢酶1460 U / L(125-220)、总胆红素35.92μmol/L(5.13-20.52)、直接胆红素11.97μmol/L(1.71-8.55)、结合珠蛋白<0.07 g/L(0.30-2)、维生素B12 57.55 pmol/L(156-672)、铁蛋白177ng/mL(50-250),和叶酸26.74 nmol / L(> 12.24)。外周血涂片显示,大红细胞和嗜中性粒细胞。抗胃壁细胞抗体阳性;Coombs试验和抗内因子抗体均为阴性。

上消化道内镜检查显示萎缩性胃炎。幽门螺杆菌染色阴性。活检显示A型萎缩性胃炎伴中度肠化生(如下图)。



患者可能为恶性贫血与髓内溶血,导致无效红细胞生成。一经诊断,需要终身服用氰钴胺或羟基钴胺素补充剂。还需要每年复查全血细胞计数、促甲状腺素和游离甲状腺素、血清钴胺素和铁蛋白,以及普通内镜筛查胃癌等。

本例患者经过输血后症状得到缓解,每天肌肉注射1000 μg氰钴胺7天后,患者的维生素B12水平恢复正常,然后慢慢变为每周注射持续四周,然后变为每月注射。此外还予以患者每天一次口服357 mg铁氢氧化麦芽糖 + 5 mg叶酸作为支持治疗。

治疗一周后,患者的网织红细胞生产指数> 2,证明患者对治疗反应良好。出院后六周对患者进行随访,血红蛋白为101 g/L、红细胞平均体积102 FL、铁蛋白251 ng/mL和钴胺素2000 pg/ml。

原始出处:


João Tavares.et al.A link between asthenia, pallor, and jaundice.BMJ 2016;353:i2937


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    2017-01-21 gaoxiaoe
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    2016-08-14 doctorJiangchao

    继续关注

    0

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    2016-08-14 doctorJiangchao

    继续学习

    0

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