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Nat Med:BIM基因变异可能是东亚人对TKI耐受原因

2012-03-23 MedSci MedSci原创

3月18日,国际著名杂志《自然—医学》Nature Medicine在线刊登了杜克-新加坡大学医学院的科学家领导的一个国际研究小组的最新研究成果“A common BIM deletion polymorphism mediates intrinsic resistance and inferior responses to tyrosine kinase inhibitors in cancer

3月18日,国际著名杂志《自然—医学》Nature Medicine在线刊登了杜克-新加坡大学医学院的科学家领导的一个国际研究小组的最新研究成果“A common BIM deletion polymorphism mediates intrinsic resistance and inferior responses to tyrosine kinase inhibitors in cancer,”,文章中,研究者找到了对大部分人有效的一类抗癌药物,却对某些患者无效的原因。

酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(TKIs)可在大部分慢性髓细胞性白血病(CML)患者和EGFR基因突变的非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者体内发挥有效抗癌效应。这些精确靶向性药物可以关闭对癌症旺盛生长起重要作用的分子信号通路。

在新研究中,来自杜克-新加坡大学医学院、新加坡基因组研究院(GIS)、新加坡中央医院和新加坡国立癌症中心的研究人员共同协作,发现东亚血统人群共有的一种BIM基因变异导致了某些患者无法受益于这些酪氨酸激酶抑制剂药物。

“因为我们确定了细胞内BIM基因变异导致TKI耐受的机制,因此基于此发现我们设计出克服它的策略,”文章的资深作者、杜克大学医学中心医学系医学肿瘤学部、杜克-新加坡大学医学院癌症和干细胞生物学标记研究项目副教授S. Tiong Ong,说。

Ong 说:“一类新型的药物称之为BH3拟药(BH3-mimetics)提供了答案。当我们在实验中将BH3药物添加到TKI治疗中作用于带有BIM基因变异的癌细胞时,我们能够克服BIM基因导致的耐药。下一步我们将在临床试验中验证这一结果。”

新加坡基因组研究院基因组技术和生物学副主任、文章的共同资深作者阮一骏(Yijun Ruan)说:“我们利用全基因组测序技术特异地筛查了患者样品DNA的结构改变,帮助我们发现了东亚人BIM基因变异。更为重要的是,这项协作确证了可利用基础基因组技术来获得临床重要研究发现。”

如果联合用药能够克服TKI耐药,这对于携带BIM基因变异的患者而言无疑是个极好的消息,因为在大约15%的东亚人群中均有这种变异。与之形成鲜明对比的是,欧洲或非洲血统的人们未发现有这种基因变异。

杜克-新加坡大学医学院资深副院长、药理学和癌症生物学教授Patrick Casey 博士说:“虽然很感兴趣想了解该突变的这种人种差异,然而这些研究发现更重要的意义在于相同的原理有可能适用于其他人群。有可能世界上其他的不同人群也因为某些其他的基因变异导致了药物耐受。这些研究成果强调了解不同个体类型癌症信号、突变和治疗作用机制的重要性。我们必须通过如此才能发展个体化癌症治疗,最终控制肿瘤。”

Ong说:“我们估计每年约有1.4万的新确诊东亚CML和EGFR非小细胞肺癌患者携带这种基因变异。值得注意的是,EGFR非小细胞肺癌在东亚非常常见,约占东亚人群非小细胞肺癌患者的50%,远远高于西方的10%。”

研究人员发现药物耐受主要是因为包含BHI3的BIM蛋白生成受损。他们证实用BH3药物修复BIM基因功能就可能克服两种癌症类型的TKI耐受。

Ong 说:“目前已在临床试验中开展BH2拟药联合化疗研究,我们希望将BH3药物与TKI联合使用能够确实帮助CML和EGF非小细胞肺癌患者克服这种TKI耐受。我们正与新加坡基因组研究院和A*STAR展开合作,开发BIM基因变异临床测试,以推动快速筛查这类患者。”

原始链接http://www.nature.com/nm/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nm.2713.html

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    2012-05-04 liye789132251
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    2012-03-25 lsj628
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