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综述:MicroRNA在心血管疾病诊疗中的研究进展

2011-12-06 徐明 MedSci原创

徐明 北医三院心内科 近年来MicroRNA(miRNA)一直是医学生物学研究的热点。它作为一类非编码的小RNA,参与30-50%基因的转录和表达调控[1, 2],因此人体的众多生命活动和疾病的发病发生、发展都与miRNA的变化密不可分。miRNA的作用因细胞特异性和目标mRNA的不同而异,miRNA可以通过影响细胞的发育、分裂、增殖、凋亡、代谢、再生、可塑性等表型的变化,参与疾病的损伤与修复过

徐明 北医三院心内科 近年来MicroRNA(miRNA)一直是医学生物学研究的热点。它作为一类非编码的小RNA,参与30-50%基因的转录和表达调控[1, 2],因此人体的众多生命活动和疾病的发病发生、发展都与miRNA的变化密不可分。miRNA的作用因细胞特异性和目标mRNA的不同而异,miRNA可以通过影响细胞的发育、分裂、增殖、凋亡、代谢、再生、可塑性等表型的变化,参与疾病的损伤与修复过程。特别是近期研究人员进行了基于miRNA的疾病诊治研究,结果显示了良好的前景。 一、miR在心血管基因调控中的作用 近期研究表明,miRNAs在心血管系统的生理和病理机制中都发挥非常重要的作用。心衰心脏和胎儿心脏miRNA的表达表现出部分重叠,miR-212,miR-21, miR-129在心衰和胎儿心脏中高表达[3]。不同病理性心肌肥厚模型的miRNA芯片结果亦显示众多miRNA表达异常:比如,MiR-21, 23, 125b, 195, 199a, 214高表达,MiR-29c, 93, 150, 181b低表达。另外,在心肌细胞中转染特定的miRNA可导致了心肌细胞肥厚和功能下降[4]

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    2012-11-18 xjy02
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