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Cell Rep:DNA序列重复会引发遗传性疾病

2014-11-28 佚名 生物谷

近日,来自塔夫斯大学的研究人员通过研究揭示,DNA链中长的核苷酸重复会导致基因组的不稳定,最终会引发遗传性疾病的发生,比如Freidreich征和亨廷顿病等,相关研究刊登于国际杂志Cell Reports上。 研究者认为,当细胞分裂或细胞中DNA修复机制激活时就会在DNA复制过程中形成长的重复序列,然而最新研究显示这种长的核苷酸序列重复也发生在转录的过程中。研究者Sergei Mirkin教

近日,来自塔夫斯大学的研究人员通过研究揭示,DNA链中长的核苷酸重复会导致基因组的不稳定,最终会引发遗传性疾病的发生,比如Freidreich征和亨廷顿病等,相关研究刊登于国际杂志Cell Reports上。

研究者认为,当细胞分裂或细胞中DNA修复机制激活时就会在DNA复制过程中形成长的重复序列,然而最新研究显示这种长的核苷酸序列重复也发生在转录的过程中。研究者Sergei Mirkin教授表示,我们目的是揭示转录和DNA重复扩张之间的关系,当包含DNA重复的DNA片段处于活性转录阶段时其就更易于促进DNA重复发生扩张。

在我们机体的DNA中存在着许多重复的碱基团,比如GAAGAAGAA或CGGCGGCGG,这些碱基团非常稳定,其短时间存在对机体并没有伤害;然而其会发生偶然性地拉伸,从而这种碱基的扩展就会引发基因组稳定性及基因表达的剧烈改变,进而引发许多人类疾病。

这项研究中研究人员利用面包酵母进行研究监测了其细胞中基因组转录、复制及修复的遗传过程,研究者表示,研究酵母细胞的相关遗传过程或为理解人类细胞基因组的功能提供一定的帮助,我们可以开发出特殊的遗传系统来帮助追踪位于目的基因处的碱基团的重复和扩张。

研究者表示,当没有转录活动时单一的重复序列也会发生扩张,但是这种扩张过程的可能性会比转录激活时要高10倍,更让研究人员不可思议的是,细胞的转录“机器”并不需要物理性地穿过这些重复来刺激其扩张,而是包含重复的DNA片段处于转录激活状态时就可以促进碱基重复的扩张。当在转录激活状态下DNA可以在染色质中被更加松弛地包裹着,更为特殊的是沿着转录DNA片段的核小体的密度会比非转录状态下要明显低很多。最后研究者表示,实际上不管真正精确的模型是什么,我们总会在基因组的转录区域发现可以扩张的DNA重复序列,当然这或许并不是一件奇怪的事情。

原始出处

Kartik A. Shah2, Ryan J. McGinty, Vera I. Egorova, Sergei M. Mirkin .Coupling Transcriptional State to Large-Scale Repeat Expansions in Yeast.Cell Rep.2014

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    2015-11-13 维他命
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