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临床补液的基本方法!

2017-04-02 佚名 “医学之声”微信号

对于标准50kg病人,除外其他所有因素,一般禁食情况下,每天生理需要水量为2500-3000ml,下面我讲补液的量和质:

对于标准50kg病人,除外其他所有因素,一般禁食情况下,每天生理需要水量为2500-3000ml,下面我讲补液的量和质:

一、量

1、根据体重调整 :(50公斤成人每天生理需要量2.5-3L)

2、根据体温:大于37摄氏度,每升高一度,多补3-5ml/kg。

3、特别的丢失:胃肠减压;腹泻;肠瘘;胆汁引流;各种引流管;呼吸机支持(经呼吸道蒸发增多)

二、质

1、糖:一般指葡萄糖,250-300g

① 5% 葡萄糖注射液

(规格:100ml:5g, 250ml:12.5g, 500ml:25g)

② 10%葡萄糖注射液

(规格: 100ml:10g, 250ml:25g, 500ml:50g )

2、盐:一般指氯化钠,4-5g

0.9% 氯化钠注射液 (规格 100ml:0.9g, 250ml:2.25g, 500ml:4.5g )

3、钾:一般指氯化钾,3-4g

10%氯化钾溶液,(规格:10ml:1g 。一般10%氯化钾注射液10-15ml加入萄糖注射液500ml)

4、一般禁食时间3天内,不用补蛋白质、脂肪。大于3天,每天应补蛋白质,脂肪。

三、还要注意

1、根据病人的合并其他内科疾病,重要的如糖尿病,心功能不全,肾病肾功能不全,肝功能不全等,来调整补液的量和质,当然自己拿不准的时候,还是叫内科专科会诊。

2、根据病人的实际病情,对液体的需要,容量不足。如低血压,尿量少,等低容量的情况。注意改善循环。

3、根据化验结果:白蛋白,钠,钾,钙等,缺多少补多少,补到化验复查基本正常。

4、禁食大于3天,每天补20%脂肪乳250ml。

5、糖尿病,血糖高,补液时一定要记得加RI。根据不同情况:

a:老年人,即使没有糖尿病,也要加RI,按5:1给,因为手术是一个应激,会有胰岛素抵抗血糖升高。

b:糖尿病病人,根据具体血糖情况。RI 4:1可完全抵消糖,再升高,如3:1可降糖。当然自己拿不准的时候,还是叫内分泌会诊。

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  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=354204, encodeId=b576354204ca, content=太简洁了!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=121, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cd5c2431968, createdName=123ba698m96暂无昵称, createdTime=Sat Dec 01 21:41:05 CST 2018, time=2018-12-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=189328, encodeId=d85d189328e5, content=不错,学习了很多, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=136, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/fw6ok8nCqUopYb7ic5se0u2gJEA5V2LY4HibTqB00WuXpTaEVwqqicibbKPicjJHT1SdmiaV4SdL9WzuMJHdkcjCyuUg/132, createdBy=30d51625198, createdName=樊银杰, createdTime=Fri Apr 21 10:08:47 CST 2017, time=2017-04-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=188625, encodeId=c76d18862581, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=126, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib06iaV3D9Tg5K4PNicOvbHfgIficrsEKztlD5yv1UnCFhnFmFU9yv1RHLflMRibWrppbsiccfMB8tT9HCkAr3zL2zVml/0, createdBy=89da1604922, createdName=䖝二, createdTime=Wed Apr 19 00:07:40 CST 2017, time=2017-04-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=187866, encodeId=023b18e86689, content=有用, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=134, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfNLvzZhgPxRuuiaV5vTMickpdulicxeIYyHCacQvYSkkcNpSe4oCfu7Ck0fh9Cdc42zia6DNosIPmPicOYve7x2IYaM/0, createdBy=60e82033487, createdName=小菜1107, createdTime=Sun Apr 16 09:07:59 CST 2017, time=2017-04-16, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-12-01 123ba698m96暂无昵称

    太简洁了!

    0

  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=354204, encodeId=b576354204ca, content=太简洁了!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=121, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cd5c2431968, createdName=123ba698m96暂无昵称, createdTime=Sat Dec 01 21:41:05 CST 2018, time=2018-12-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=189328, encodeId=d85d189328e5, content=不错,学习了很多, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=136, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/fw6ok8nCqUopYb7ic5se0u2gJEA5V2LY4HibTqB00WuXpTaEVwqqicibbKPicjJHT1SdmiaV4SdL9WzuMJHdkcjCyuUg/132, createdBy=30d51625198, createdName=樊银杰, createdTime=Fri Apr 21 10:08:47 CST 2017, time=2017-04-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=188625, encodeId=c76d18862581, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=126, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib06iaV3D9Tg5K4PNicOvbHfgIficrsEKztlD5yv1UnCFhnFmFU9yv1RHLflMRibWrppbsiccfMB8tT9HCkAr3zL2zVml/0, createdBy=89da1604922, createdName=䖝二, createdTime=Wed Apr 19 00:07:40 CST 2017, time=2017-04-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=187866, encodeId=023b18e86689, content=有用, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=134, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfNLvzZhgPxRuuiaV5vTMickpdulicxeIYyHCacQvYSkkcNpSe4oCfu7Ck0fh9Cdc42zia6DNosIPmPicOYve7x2IYaM/0, createdBy=60e82033487, createdName=小菜1107, createdTime=Sun Apr 16 09:07:59 CST 2017, time=2017-04-16, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-04-21 樊银杰

    不错,学习了很多

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=354204, encodeId=b576354204ca, content=太简洁了!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=121, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cd5c2431968, createdName=123ba698m96暂无昵称, createdTime=Sat Dec 01 21:41:05 CST 2018, time=2018-12-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=189328, encodeId=d85d189328e5, content=不错,学习了很多, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=136, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/fw6ok8nCqUopYb7ic5se0u2gJEA5V2LY4HibTqB00WuXpTaEVwqqicibbKPicjJHT1SdmiaV4SdL9WzuMJHdkcjCyuUg/132, createdBy=30d51625198, createdName=樊银杰, createdTime=Fri Apr 21 10:08:47 CST 2017, time=2017-04-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=188625, encodeId=c76d18862581, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=126, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib06iaV3D9Tg5K4PNicOvbHfgIficrsEKztlD5yv1UnCFhnFmFU9yv1RHLflMRibWrppbsiccfMB8tT9HCkAr3zL2zVml/0, createdBy=89da1604922, createdName=䖝二, createdTime=Wed Apr 19 00:07:40 CST 2017, time=2017-04-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=187866, encodeId=023b18e86689, content=有用, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=134, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfNLvzZhgPxRuuiaV5vTMickpdulicxeIYyHCacQvYSkkcNpSe4oCfu7Ck0fh9Cdc42zia6DNosIPmPicOYve7x2IYaM/0, createdBy=60e82033487, createdName=小菜1107, createdTime=Sun Apr 16 09:07:59 CST 2017, time=2017-04-16, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-04-19 䖝二

    学习了

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=354204, encodeId=b576354204ca, content=太简洁了!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=121, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cd5c2431968, createdName=123ba698m96暂无昵称, createdTime=Sat Dec 01 21:41:05 CST 2018, time=2018-12-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=189328, encodeId=d85d189328e5, content=不错,学习了很多, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=136, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/fw6ok8nCqUopYb7ic5se0u2gJEA5V2LY4HibTqB00WuXpTaEVwqqicibbKPicjJHT1SdmiaV4SdL9WzuMJHdkcjCyuUg/132, createdBy=30d51625198, createdName=樊银杰, createdTime=Fri Apr 21 10:08:47 CST 2017, time=2017-04-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=188625, encodeId=c76d18862581, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=126, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib06iaV3D9Tg5K4PNicOvbHfgIficrsEKztlD5yv1UnCFhnFmFU9yv1RHLflMRibWrppbsiccfMB8tT9HCkAr3zL2zVml/0, createdBy=89da1604922, createdName=䖝二, createdTime=Wed Apr 19 00:07:40 CST 2017, time=2017-04-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=187866, encodeId=023b18e86689, content=有用, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=134, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfNLvzZhgPxRuuiaV5vTMickpdulicxeIYyHCacQvYSkkcNpSe4oCfu7Ck0fh9Cdc42zia6DNosIPmPicOYve7x2IYaM/0, createdBy=60e82033487, createdName=小菜1107, createdTime=Sun Apr 16 09:07:59 CST 2017, time=2017-04-16, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-04-16 小菜1107

    有用

    0

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