AJE：止痛药可能导致女性耳聋风险增加

    在美国，止痛药是最常用的药物。根据布莱根妇女医院（Brigham and Women's Hospital）研究人员的一项研究结果，止痛药或许可导致女性耳聋。相关论文发表在近期的American Journal of Epidemiology杂志上。

    研究称，每周两天及两天以上服用布洛芬或扑热息痛的女性耳聋风险增加，且服用这两种止痛药越频繁，耳聋风险越大。风险最大的是每周六天或七天吃布洛芬的50岁以上的妇女。尚无发现阿司匹林和耳聋之间有何关系。

    62,261位31-48岁的女性参与了此项研究，她们分别服用阿司匹林、布洛芬或扑热息痛。研究从1995年开始，2009年结束。再此14年中，共有10,012位女性听力丧失。

    与每周服用布洛芬少于一次的女性相比，每周两天或三天服用布洛芬可使听力丧失风险增加13%，若每周四天或五天服用则风险增加到21%，若每周六天或七天服用则风险为24%。

    与每周服用扑热息痛少于一次的女性相比，每周两天或三天服用扑热息痛可使听力丧失风险增加11%，若每周四天或五天服用则风险增加到21%。

    此项研究的领导者Sharon G. Curhan说，可能是因为非甾体抗炎药（NSAIDs，Non-Steroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs）减少了耳蜗的血流量，削弱了耳蜗的功能。扑热息痛可能减少了对耳蜗有保护功能的因子。

    在60多岁的美国人中，有一半以上耳聋。而在50多岁的女性中，耳聋的比率达1/3，在60多岁的女性中，更是接近2/3。根据WHO的一项调查，耳聋已经成为发达国家的第六大常见病。

编译自Popular Pain-Relieving Medicines Linked to Hearing Loss in Women

doi:10.1093/aje/kws146
PMC:
PMID:

Analgesic Use and the Risk of Hearing Loss in Women

Sharon G. Curhan*, Josef Shargorodsky, Roland Eavey and Gary C. Curhan

Use of analgesics is common and is associated with increased risk of hearing loss in men; however, the relation has not been examined prospectively in women. The authors prospectively examined the relation between frequency of aspirin, ibuprofen, and acetaminophen use and risk of hearing loss among 62,261 women aged 31–48 years at baseline (1995) in Nurses' Health Study II. The outcome was self-reported hearing loss (n = 10,012), and the follow-up period was 1995–2009. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to adjust for potential confounders. During 764,247 person-years of follow-up, ibuprofen use and acetaminophen use were independently associated with increased risk of hearing loss, but aspirin use was not. For ibuprofen, the multivariate-adjusted relative risk of hearing loss was 1.13 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.06, 1.19) for use 2–3 days/week, 1.21 (95% CI: 1.11, 1.32) for use 4–5 days/week, and 1.24 (95% CI: 1.14, 1.35) for use ≥6 days/week (P-trend < 0.0001), compared with use less than once per week. For acetaminophen, the corresponding relative risks were 1.11 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.19), 1.21 (95% CI: 1.07, 1.37), and 1.08 (95% CI: 0.95, 1.22), respectively (P-trend = 0.0007). In this study, use of ibuprofen or acetaminophen (but not aspirin) 2 or more days per week was associated with an increased risk of hearing loss in women.