盘点：2018年8月18日 Lancet研究精选

2018-08-17 zhangfan MedSci原创

2018年8月18日 Lancet研究精选

【1】封面文章--不推荐分泌性中耳炎患儿接受口服类固醇治疗

DOI：https：//doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31490-9

伴有积液，持续性听力损伤中耳炎患儿通常需要外科治疗。近日研究人员考察了短期口服类固醇对持续性中耳炎并伴有渗出和听力损失患儿的疗效。389名2-8岁的中耳炎患儿参与研究，治疗5周后，类固醇组73名(40%)患儿以及安慰剂组59名患儿(33%)听力改善，组间治疗效果、不良事件以及生活质量差异不显著。

【2】菊酯和吡丙醚的长效杀虫蚊帐降低儿童疟疾发病率

DOI：https：//doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31711-2

长效杀虫蚊帐(LLINs)的应用使得撒哈拉以南非洲疟疾的发病率显著降低，但拟除虫菊酯抗药性仍是疟疾防治的潜在威胁。近日研究人员在疟疾高发的布基纳法索地区考察了含菊酯(拟除虫菊酯)和吡丙醚 (一种昆虫生长调节剂)的蚊帐对5岁以下儿童临床疟疾的预防效果。1980名儿童参与研究，截止至2017年含菊酯和吡丙醚蚊帐（PPF-LLIN组）的使用率达到99%。LLIN组儿童年均疟疾发病2.0起，PPF-LLIN组为1.5（发病率比值比为0.88），LLIN组昆虫学接种率为85，PPF-LLIN组下降至42（rr=0.49）。

【3】印度尼西亚全面医疗体系对民众健康的影响

DOI：https：//doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)30595-6

2016年全球疾病负担研究(GBD 2016)评估了印度尼西全面医疗保障制度实施后对国民健康、疾病及死亡致残率的影响。1990-2016年间，印度尼西亚平均寿命增加8岁，达到71.7岁，其中男性平均寿命增加7.4年，女性增加8.7年。因传染病、产妇、新生儿和营养因素导致的劳力丧失修正寿命年（DALY）下降了58.6%，由4380万下降至1810万。2016年排名前3的DALY影响因素为缺血性心脏病、脑血管病和糖尿病，饮食是造成DALY负担的最主要因素，占13.6%。研究认为，27年间印度尼西亚全面健康指标得到显著改善，但部分非传染性疾病已成为影响居民健康的重要因素。

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2019-03-14 howi

#Lancet#

68 0
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2018-08-28 苏小雨

学习啦不错不错

73 0
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2018-08-27 huangshang9812

哈哈哈，学习了

75 0
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2018-08-18 owlhealth

不错耶，学习啦

94 0

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