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中国成人ICU镇痛和镇静治疗指南八要点:镇静应作为常规治疗

2018-07-10 卢芳 中国循环杂志

于入住ICU的患者,镇痛和镇静应作为常规治疗,中华医学会重症医学分会近日发布了《中国成人ICU镇痛和镇静治疗指南》。 这一指南也是对2006年发布的《中国重症加强治疗病房患者镇痛和镇静治疗指导意见(2006)》的与时俱进。


于入住ICU的患者,镇痛和镇静应作为常规治疗,中华医学会重症医学分会近日发布了《中国成人ICU镇痛和镇静治疗指南》。
 
这一指南也是对2006年发布的《中国重症加强治疗病房患者镇痛和镇静治疗指导意见(2006)》的与时俱进。
 
其中要点见下:
 
1. 推荐镇痛、镇静作为ICU治疗的重要组成部分,需尽可能祛除ICU中导致疼痛、焦虑和躁动的诱因。
 
2. 推荐通过改善ICU患者环境、降低噪音、集中进行护理及医疗干预、减少夜间声光刺激等策略,促进睡眠,保护患者睡眠周期(强推荐,中级证据质量)
 
3. 建议在可能导致疼痛的操作前,预先使用止痛药或非药物干预,以减轻疼痛。
 
4. 推荐在镇静治疗的同时或之前给予镇痛治疗。
 
5. ICU患者非神经性疼痛,建议首选阿片类药物作为镇痛药物;建议联合应用非阿片类镇痛药物以减少阿片类药物的用量及相关不良反应。
 
6. 苯二氮类和丙泊酚仍然应作为目前镇静治疗的基本药物。右美托咪定兼具轻度镇静和镇痛效果,与其他镇痛镇静药物具有协同作用,可以减少机械通气时间和ICU住院时间。
 
7. 谵妄是ICU患者预后不佳的危险因素,推荐密切关注并早期发现ICU患者的谵妄。建议对于RASS评分≥-2分,且具有谵妄相关危险因素的ICU患者应常规进行谵妄评估。建议使用CAM-ICU或ICDSC作为ICU患者的谵妄评估工具。
 
8. 改善睡眠及早期活动等措施,以及应用右美托咪有助于减少ICU患者谵妄的发生。不建议应用氟哌啶醇、他汀类药物、多奈哌齐和抗精神病药物来预防及治疗谵妄。

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    2018-07-12 zhaojie88
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1706263, encodeId=63ee1e06263ec, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=de5a486e6b0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#常规治疗#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=77, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=48676, encryptionId=de5a486e6b0, topicName=常规治疗)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=036131187289, createdName=晓辰, createdTime=Tue May 28 11:15:00 CST 2019, time=2019-05-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2047864, encodeId=039a204e8641d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b2cf96812a4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#镇静治疗#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=91, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=96812, encryptionId=b2cf96812a4, topicName=镇静治疗)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cbcc223, createdName=cooco, createdTime=Thu Nov 01 20:15:00 CST 2018, time=2018-11-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1934870, encodeId=172819348e0fd, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1072646328c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#治疗指南#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=68, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=64632, encryptionId=1072646328c, topicName=治疗指南)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6732482, createdName=w984445tii, createdTime=Sun Jul 29 07:15:00 CST 2018, time=2018-07-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1355280, encodeId=f22613552808a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=256a96e9990' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#镇痛#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=95, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=96799, encryptionId=256a96e9990, topicName=镇痛)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4c37265, createdName=zhaojie88, createdTime=Thu Jul 12 14:15:00 CST 2018, time=2018-07-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=330774, encodeId=503e330e74e3, content=好文献学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=101, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b5a62240667, createdName=张新亮1853311252142e2fm, createdTime=Wed Jul 11 07:11:36 CST 2018, time=2018-07-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=330738, encodeId=b942330e38ab, content=谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=125, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/06/19/0dc3cb1c31c5c6749e463398c42dcceb.jpg, createdBy=cd472203277, createdName=120bca57m52(暂无昵称), createdTime=Wed Jul 11 01:01:23 CST 2018, time=2018-07-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=330725, encodeId=f3b8330e256f, content=谢谢分享学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=90, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/Q3auHgzwzM4o2XVpJ6449yqDsjibydI5HnJ8MibGxNn4HZiaZib0bdfibbwoz3KQrIyN9AGxq36ZlZRNicYlPfOOWMtwgsajY6mGNFiaPclFdowjD0/0, createdBy=97bd1338592, createdName=清风拂面, createdTime=Tue Jul 10 23:55:59 CST 2018, time=2018-07-10, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-07-11 张新亮1853311252142e2fm

    好文献学习了

    0

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    2018-07-11 120bca57m52(暂无昵称)

    谢谢分享

    0

  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1706263, encodeId=63ee1e06263ec, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=de5a486e6b0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#常规治疗#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=77, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=48676, encryptionId=de5a486e6b0, topicName=常规治疗)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=036131187289, createdName=晓辰, createdTime=Tue May 28 11:15:00 CST 2019, time=2019-05-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2047864, encodeId=039a204e8641d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b2cf96812a4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#镇静治疗#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=91, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=96812, encryptionId=b2cf96812a4, topicName=镇静治疗)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cbcc223, createdName=cooco, createdTime=Thu Nov 01 20:15:00 CST 2018, time=2018-11-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1934870, encodeId=172819348e0fd, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1072646328c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#治疗指南#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=68, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=64632, encryptionId=1072646328c, topicName=治疗指南)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6732482, createdName=w984445tii, createdTime=Sun Jul 29 07:15:00 CST 2018, time=2018-07-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1355280, encodeId=f22613552808a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=256a96e9990' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#镇痛#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=95, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=96799, encryptionId=256a96e9990, topicName=镇痛)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4c37265, createdName=zhaojie88, createdTime=Thu Jul 12 14:15:00 CST 2018, time=2018-07-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=330774, encodeId=503e330e74e3, content=好文献学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=101, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b5a62240667, createdName=张新亮1853311252142e2fm, createdTime=Wed Jul 11 07:11:36 CST 2018, time=2018-07-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=330738, encodeId=b942330e38ab, content=谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=125, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2018/06/19/0dc3cb1c31c5c6749e463398c42dcceb.jpg, createdBy=cd472203277, createdName=120bca57m52(暂无昵称), createdTime=Wed Jul 11 01:01:23 CST 2018, time=2018-07-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=330725, encodeId=f3b8330e256f, content=谢谢分享学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=90, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/Q3auHgzwzM4o2XVpJ6449yqDsjibydI5HnJ8MibGxNn4HZiaZib0bdfibbwoz3KQrIyN9AGxq36ZlZRNicYlPfOOWMtwgsajY6mGNFiaPclFdowjD0/0, createdBy=97bd1338592, createdName=清风拂面, createdTime=Tue Jul 10 23:55:59 CST 2018, time=2018-07-10, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-07-10 清风拂面

    谢谢分享学习

    0

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