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Nat Human Behav:心理暗示会“跑赢”遗传基因?Yes!

2018-12-28 朱玲 生物探索

一项新研究发现,了解遗传风险会改变一个人的心理,不管他们实际上是什么遗传变异。

一项新研究发现,了解遗传风险会改变一个人的心理,不管他们实际上是什么遗传变异。

科学家们招募了116名年轻人和中年人,分别测试了影响他们运动能力的基因突变。然后对他们进行跑步测试。

一周后,研究人员随机告诉他们中的部分人,体内有一种叫做CREB1的基因,这种基因让人容易疲劳;其他人被告知拥有CREB基因的高耐力版本,携带此版本基因的人,耐力更强。然后又让他们在跑步机上进行测试。

这一次,那些被告知有CREB1基因的人在测试中表现更差,即使他们实际上拥有高耐力基因;那些认为自己有高耐力版本基因的人,不管他们有什么基因变体,在感觉炎热和疲劳之前,平均跑得稍微长一点。

“仅仅给人们这些信息就改变了他们的生理状况,”作者Bradley Turnwald说。

该团队还测试了另一组包括107人的FTO基因(即肥胖基因)。这个基因会影响我们吃完后的感觉。有些变异版本会使人易患肥胖症。

参与者首先被要求吃一小顿饭,并对他们的饱腹感进行评估。然后,研究人员随机告诉他们体内有一种FTO,这种FTO会让他们比一般人更饿,或者让他们更易满足。之后,参与者再被要求吃相同的食物。

结果表明,被告知拥有“饥饿”基因的人并未感觉到任何不同;但那些被告知有更易满足版本的人在吃东西后却平均感觉不那么饿了,测试发现他们血液中的激素水平也较高,这表明他们有饱腹感。

两项实验均表明,一个人的态度或会改变他们的风险,这种改变甚至会超过基因对自身的影响。

基于这项结果,研究人员认为,如果一个人只是认为他们处于肥胖的高风险中,那么它可能会改变他们的生理状态,使他们更容易患病。因此,医疗提供者和基因顾问公司应该知晓这种心理对评测结果的影响,以便更准确的对检测结果做出评判。

下一步,他们将研究这些影响是迅速消失,还是会持续数年。

原始出处:Bradley P. Turnwald, J. Parker Goyer, Danielle Z. Boles, et al. Learning one’s genetic risk changes physiology independent of actual genetic risk. Nature Human Behaviour. 10 December 2018

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    2019-02-07 liye789132251
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    2019-11-16 tamgche
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    2018-12-30 qjddjq
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