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肿瘤第一线 · 学术知识传播

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经股动脉皮下埋植化疗泵持续动脉化疗与静脉化疗治疗晚期胃癌的临床效果和安全性比较

2021-11-19 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

1.1 经股动脉皮下埋植化疗泵

1.1 经股动脉皮下埋植化疗泵
在数字减影血管造影下行经股动脉皮下埋植化疗泵。观察组患者取仰卧位采用赛丁格尔法行经皮经股动脉穿刺.穿刺成功后引入动脉鞘(圣犹达医疗公司,5F)及导丝(深圳市益心达医学新技术有限公司.0.038英寸)、导管(泰尔茂株式会社.Yashiro 5F).将导管置入腹腔动脉 造影提示腹腔动脉各分支血管显影清晰.均未见明显异常血管发出 亦未见明显肿瘤染色征。然后交换置入动脉留置连接管 置管于腹腔干上方约2 m:在距腹股沟穿刺点下方2 cm处皮肤做一长约5 cm的横形切口,钝性分离皮下组织形成皮下囊腔,试放入动脉化疗泵(法国贝朗公司)满意后,用隧道针将动脉留置导管引入皮下囊腔内,置入动脉化疗泵与动脉留置管连接;经动脉化疗泵注入造影剂显示留置管通畅,管头位置未见移位,且药盒连接处无渗漏现象后,将肝素盐水注入动脉化疗泵。缝合皮肤切口完成化疗泵植入术。术后行化疗时,将22 G桔入式给药装置专用针经皮穿刺化疗泵硅胶面进入化疗泵腔内,严禁回抽动脉药盒 每次给药前先泵入250 mL生理盐水.确认无渗漏后再给化疗药:每次给药后.均配制生理盐水250 ml加肝素钠注射液12 500 U,从中抽取20 mL推注,以使肝素盐水充满整个化疗泵和导管系统,防止凝血导管阻塞。无化疗期间,每个月应用肝素盐水通泵1 次,确保泵导管的通畅。


1.2 观察指标


1.2.1 近期疗效:


治疗前、化疗4个周期后,行腹盒腔CT/MRI检查,有条件者行PET/CT。采用实体瘤化疗疗效RECIST1.1评价标准评价近期疗效:(1)完全缓解,即可见肿瘤完全消失.维持4周以上,无新病灶出现;(2)部分缓解:即靶病灶最大径之和较治疗前减少>30%.至少维持4周;(3)疾病稳定,即靶病灶最大径之和缩小未达部分缓解,或增大未达肿瘤进展;(4)肿瘤进展.即靶病灶最大径之和较治疗前至少增加≥20%,且其绝对值增加至少5mm.出现新病变也视为肿瘤进展。计算客观缓解率(objective response rate,ORR),ORR=(完全缓解+部分缓解)例数/总例数x100%。


1.2.2 生存质量:


分别在治疗前、化疗2个周期、化疗4周期及治疗结束时采用欧洲癌症研究与治疗组织(European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer,EORTC)生活质量问卷核心30(Quality of Life Quest ionnaire Core 30,QLQ-C30)V3.0中文版(简称EORTC QLQ-C30量表)进行评价。


1.2.3 生存期:


随访无进展生存期(progression-free survival,PFS)及总生存期。PFS为从治疗开始到肿瘤进展的时间;总生存期为从治疗开始至因任何原因引起死亡的时间。


1.2.4 安全性指标:


根据美国国家癌症研究所的《堂贝不良反应事件评价标准(CTCAE V4.03)》评价化疗期间的临床不良反应。(1)胃肠道反应中的呕叶反应,0度为无呕叶:工度为给药后任意24h内发生1~2次(至少间隔5 mn),Ⅱ度为给药后任意24 h内发生3~5次(至少间隔5 min);Ⅲ度为给药后任意24 h内发生6次及以上(至少间隔5 min)需要鼻饲、静脉营养或住院IV度为危及生命需要紧急处理,(2)骨髓抑制,由于大部分患者仅出现白细胞的变化,因此本研究仅观察白细胞计数。0度为白细胞计数24.0x10儿;I度为3.0x10<白细胞计数<4.0x109;Ⅱ度为2x10儿<白细胞计数<3.0x10%儿;Ⅲ度为1x109儿s白细胞计数<2.0x10;V度为白细胞计数<1.0x109/L。(3)动脉化疗泵相关的安全性指标。包括切口愈合不良或裂开、出血、感染,潜在皮肤完整性受损、化疗泵阻塞、药盒翻转等.

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    2022-03-26 fusion
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