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Cell:重磅!细菌通过交换噬菌体受体获得噬菌体敏感性

2017-01-13 佚名 生物谷

噬菌体很可能是自然界中最为丰富的实体,通常超过细菌密度一个数量级。作为细菌的病毒性捕食者,噬菌体通过降低一些细菌数量和让其他细菌茁壮成长而在细菌群落中发挥着重大的影响。噬菌体有时也会包装宿主DNA,并且在一种被称作水平基因转移(horizontal gene transfer, HGT)的过程中,将它运送到其他细菌中。 自从二十世纪开始以来,噬菌体感染的生物学特征得到广泛的研究。然而,在


噬菌体很可能是自然界中最为丰富的实体,通常超过细菌密度一个数量级。作为细菌的病毒性捕食者,噬菌体通过降低一些细菌数量和让其他细菌茁壮成长而在细菌群落中发挥着重大的影响。噬菌体有时也会包装宿主DNA,并且在一种被称作水平基因转移(horizontal gene transfer, HGT)的过程中,将它运送到其他细菌中。

自从二十世纪开始以来,噬菌体感染的生物学特征得到广泛的研究。然而,在类似于它们的自然生态系统的复杂细菌群落中,噬菌体的命运并未在细胞水平上开展过研究。为了研究噬菌体感染在复杂的细菌群落中的生物学特征,研究人员在含有噬菌体抵抗性(R)细菌和噬菌体敏感性(S)细菌的细菌群落中追踪了噬菌体的动力学行为。

如今,在一项新的研究中,来自以色列耶路撒冷希伯来大学医学院的研究人员首次发现完全对一种给定的噬菌体产生抵抗性的细菌当与敏感性的细菌一起孵育时会对这种噬菌体产生敏感性。相关研究结果发表在2017年1月12日那期Cell期刊上,论文标题为“Acquisition of Phage Sensitivity by Bacteria through Exchange of Phage Receptors”。

研究人员证实携带噬菌体受体的噬菌体敏感性细菌如何能够通过一种他们称作“敏感性获得(acquisition of sensitivity, ASEN)”的分子转运过程,将这种受体运送到附近的缺乏这种噬菌体受体的噬菌体抵抗性细菌中。这个过程涉及一种由膜囊泡驱动的分子交换,在这种分子交换中,噬菌体抵抗性细菌短暂地获得来自附近的噬菌体敏感性细菌释放出的噬菌体附着分子。通过利用这种新的运送系统,噬菌体能够入侵缺乏它们的受体的细菌。

研究人员进一步猜测这种机制让噬菌体扩大它们的宿主范围和运送DNA到新的细菌物种中,因此促进噬菌体附着到非宿主细菌物种上,从而提供一种迄今为止尚未研究过的水平基因转移途径。

论文通信作者、耶路撒冷希伯来大学医学院以色列-加拿大医学研究所(Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada)微生物学与分子遗传学系Sigal Ben-Yehuda教授说,“在当前的这项研究中,我们首次证实完全对一种给定的噬菌体产生抵抗性的细菌当与敏感性的细菌一起孵育时会对这种噬菌体产生敏感性。噬菌体入侵噬菌体抵抗性细菌可能在抗生素耐药性基因和毒力基因在细菌之间转移的过程中产生重大的影响。”

作为论文第一作者的博士生Elhanan Tzipilevich说,“我们的研究表明类似于病毒采用的强大的入侵和扩散策略,噬菌体采用替代性的迄今为止尚未鉴定出的扩散机制。这些机制可能加快这种感染过程,并且促进噬菌体在同种物种和不同物种的细菌之间扩散。”

原始出处

Elhanan Tzipilevich, Michal Habusha, Sigal Ben-Yehuda.Acquisition of Phage Sensitivity by Bacteria through Exchange of Phage Receptors.Cell.2016

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    2017-09-28 维他命
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    2017-05-16 cqykthl

    又有重大发现,噬菌体

    0

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  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1959992, encodeId=775e195999280, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dbe6445416' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CEL#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=65, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4454, encryptionId=dbe6445416, topicName=CEL)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c3ff68, createdName=维他命, createdTime=Thu Sep 28 04:30:00 CST 2017, time=2017-09-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=198767, encodeId=2b85198e6766, content=又有重大发现,噬菌体, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NdicLmdJEK9VoiaDianY6fzHNN9iaGv80m39pMHU3eSnNN0kn1o0rdQ7Bz2f03Qibcf1ia7rKvxIt4UVlErF2d4gCmDC5/0, createdBy=98e31740255, createdName=cqykthl, createdTime=Tue May 16 11:56:44 CST 2017, time=2017-05-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1869733, encodeId=591b1869e336a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fd764459a8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Cell#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4459, encryptionId=fd764459a8, topicName=Cell)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=524d95, createdName=zhaozhouchifen, createdTime=Sat Feb 25 20:30:00 CST 2017, time=2017-02-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1341379, encodeId=0b1d13413e9cf, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a9d940353d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#噬菌体#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=68, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=40353, encryptionId=a9d940353d8, topicName=噬菌体)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTLIQxicGuURvblbKDmmdLreAdrFKYA57y7viabog6mfk8dXQpQzYCf0ibcgoMnFrQ2MiaV8Iic4ocdhEfw/132, createdBy=0e3a2500177, createdName=ms1692810954239974, createdTime=Sun Jan 15 00:30:00 CST 2017, time=2017-01-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1388337, encodeId=be10138833e27, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7ef25e5346b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#敏感性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=57534, encryptionId=7ef25e5346b, topicName=敏感性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTJnkE6UvGFfMS41qV0RicWvVTTeLMicqibeZH5GqO4YhNicyl1Y9jFhylIUBn9ntPYy9jhk5hrfic5cRYw/132, createdBy=5f822500020, createdName=ms5236388012055669, createdTime=Sun Jan 15 00:30:00 CST 2017, time=2017-01-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1549014, encodeId=6a8a1549014c0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f7879600061' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#重磅#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=49, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=96000, encryptionId=f7879600061, topicName=重磅)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3acc14121561, createdName=xxxx1054, createdTime=Sun Jan 15 00:30:00 CST 2017, time=2017-01-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=170122, encodeId=2fbc1e0122a7, content=在当前的这项研究中,我们首次证实完全对一种给定的噬菌体产生抵抗性的细菌当与敏感性的细菌一起孵育时会对这种噬菌体产生敏感性。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=101, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20161128/IMG583C2801690655672.jpg, createdBy=8d5d1986050, createdName=为了宝宝, createdTime=Fri Jan 13 17:42:24 CST 2017, time=2017-01-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=170121, encodeId=f66a1e012122, content=这个过程涉及一种由膜囊泡驱动的分子交换,在这种分子交换中,噬菌体抵抗性细菌短暂地获得来自附近的噬菌体敏感性细菌释放出的噬菌体附着分子。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=105, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20161128/IMG583C2801690655672.jpg, createdBy=8d5d1986050, createdName=为了宝宝, createdTime=Fri Jan 13 17:42:11 CST 2017, time=2017-01-13, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-01-15 xxxx1054
  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1959992, encodeId=775e195999280, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dbe6445416' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CEL#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=65, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4454, encryptionId=dbe6445416, topicName=CEL)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c3ff68, createdName=维他命, createdTime=Thu Sep 28 04:30:00 CST 2017, time=2017-09-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=198767, encodeId=2b85198e6766, content=又有重大发现,噬菌体, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NdicLmdJEK9VoiaDianY6fzHNN9iaGv80m39pMHU3eSnNN0kn1o0rdQ7Bz2f03Qibcf1ia7rKvxIt4UVlErF2d4gCmDC5/0, createdBy=98e31740255, createdName=cqykthl, createdTime=Tue May 16 11:56:44 CST 2017, time=2017-05-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1869733, encodeId=591b1869e336a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fd764459a8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Cell#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4459, encryptionId=fd764459a8, topicName=Cell)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=524d95, createdName=zhaozhouchifen, createdTime=Sat Feb 25 20:30:00 CST 2017, time=2017-02-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1341379, encodeId=0b1d13413e9cf, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a9d940353d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#噬菌体#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=68, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=40353, encryptionId=a9d940353d8, topicName=噬菌体)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTLIQxicGuURvblbKDmmdLreAdrFKYA57y7viabog6mfk8dXQpQzYCf0ibcgoMnFrQ2MiaV8Iic4ocdhEfw/132, createdBy=0e3a2500177, createdName=ms1692810954239974, createdTime=Sun Jan 15 00:30:00 CST 2017, time=2017-01-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1388337, encodeId=be10138833e27, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7ef25e5346b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#敏感性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=57534, encryptionId=7ef25e5346b, topicName=敏感性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTJnkE6UvGFfMS41qV0RicWvVTTeLMicqibeZH5GqO4YhNicyl1Y9jFhylIUBn9ntPYy9jhk5hrfic5cRYw/132, createdBy=5f822500020, createdName=ms5236388012055669, createdTime=Sun Jan 15 00:30:00 CST 2017, time=2017-01-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1549014, encodeId=6a8a1549014c0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f7879600061' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#重磅#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=49, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=96000, encryptionId=f7879600061, topicName=重磅)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3acc14121561, createdName=xxxx1054, createdTime=Sun Jan 15 00:30:00 CST 2017, time=2017-01-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=170122, encodeId=2fbc1e0122a7, content=在当前的这项研究中,我们首次证实完全对一种给定的噬菌体产生抵抗性的细菌当与敏感性的细菌一起孵育时会对这种噬菌体产生敏感性。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=101, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20161128/IMG583C2801690655672.jpg, createdBy=8d5d1986050, createdName=为了宝宝, createdTime=Fri Jan 13 17:42:24 CST 2017, time=2017-01-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=170121, encodeId=f66a1e012122, content=这个过程涉及一种由膜囊泡驱动的分子交换,在这种分子交换中,噬菌体抵抗性细菌短暂地获得来自附近的噬菌体敏感性细菌释放出的噬菌体附着分子。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=105, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20161128/IMG583C2801690655672.jpg, createdBy=8d5d1986050, createdName=为了宝宝, createdTime=Fri Jan 13 17:42:11 CST 2017, time=2017-01-13, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-01-13 为了宝宝

    在当前的这项研究中,我们首次证实完全对一种给定的噬菌体产生抵抗性的细菌当与敏感性的细菌一起孵育时会对这种噬菌体产生敏感性。

    0

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    2017-01-13 为了宝宝

    这个过程涉及一种由膜囊泡驱动的分子交换,在这种分子交换中,噬菌体抵抗性细菌短暂地获得来自附近的噬菌体敏感性细菌释放出的噬菌体附着分子。

    0

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