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Gastroenterology:胆管化生有助识别早期胰腺癌

2014-02-10 佚名 dxy

化生经常发生在具有发育相关的组织中,胰腺导管化生经常与胰腺炎和胰腺导管癌有密切关系。tuft细胞是一类化学感应细胞,通过效应分子对细胞外基质环境做出反应,常常在胆管中发现,tuft细胞在正常的小鼠胰腺中是缺乏的,作者设想可以用异常胰腺组织的tuft细胞作为指示器。于是本文作者就测试了胰腺化生是否就代表胆管表型转化及它对胰腺癌产生的作用,该项研究于2014年1月发表在Gastroenterology

化生经常发生在具有发育相关的组织中,胰腺导管化生经常与胰腺炎和胰腺导管癌有密切关系。tuft细胞是一类化学感应细胞,通过效应分子对细胞外基质环境做出反应,常常在胆管中发现,tuft细胞在正常的小鼠胰腺中是缺乏的,作者设想可以用异常胰腺组织的tuft细胞作为指示器。于是本文作者就测试了胰腺化生是否就代表胆管表型转化及它对胰腺癌产生的作用,该项研究于2014年1月发表在Gastroenterology上。【原文下载

胰腺癌占癌症相关性死亡的第四位,总体4年生存率仅为6%,中位生存期为4到6个月。因为症状在疾病进展与转移的过程中不明显,所以到确诊时往往是晚期,因此早期发现具有很大的价值。早期检测需要对早期疾病病理有很好的理解,比如胰腺上皮内瘤变,它能够发展为胰腺癌,腺泡导管化生导致高活性化生导管的形成。

腺泡导管化生与胰腺癌的密切关系表明病变的产生是周围正常组织遭到破坏的结果。与此相符合的是最近研究发现,化生的导管是慢性胰腺炎的一个重要特征,这也许是慢性胰腺炎为什么是胰腺癌的重要危险因素的原因。作者分析了小鼠的正常胰腺组织和Kras活化的胰腺肿瘤组织,为了检测丛细胞和胆源性祖细胞,也对正常的胆管、胰管、肿瘤相关性化生进行了系统的分析。

研究结果表明,在小鼠致胰腺癌模型中,tuft细胞是上皮转化的重要组成部分;胰腺丛细胞由腺泡细胞分化而来;胰腺化生出现在具有胰胆管祖细胞表型中;SOX17的过状态表达能够诱导胰腺炎疾病样状态并且加速 Kras驱动瘤的致瘤过程。SOX17 过表达联合癌基因KrasG12D的表达比KrasG12D单独表达具有更强的致癌性。

tuft细胞常常出现在胰腺化生的区域,随着肿瘤的进展而逐渐下降,在侵袭性肿瘤中未能发现。通过对小鼠胆胰管系统分析表明:
tuft细胞分布在胆道中,而不会出现在正常的胰管中。对胆系标志物分析表明:在胰腺化生和肿瘤组织中,SOX17是过表达的。SOX17过表达导致导管化生并伴随着炎症和胶原沉积。免疫荧光分析人胰腺基因序列表明tuft细胞出现在化生和早期肿瘤阶段并伴随着SOX17过表达。

最后作者得出SOX17 单独过表达能启动tuft细胞的形成从而导致炎症发生及体内胰腺腺泡细胞的导管重组的结论。作者同时发现在缺乏干预的情况下,这种化生伴随着显著的间质反应。KrasG12D表达联合SOX17过表达加速了肿瘤的产生,表明SOX17 过表达及随之发生的胆管化生促进了肿瘤的形成。

原始出处

Delgiorno KE, Hall JC, Takeuchi KK, Pan FC, Halbrook CJ, Washington MK, Olive KP, R Spence J, Sipos B, Wright CV, Wells JM, Crawford HC.Identification and manipulation of biliary metaplasia in pancreatic tumors.Gastroenterology. 2014 Jan;【原文下载

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