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华人科学家丁胜首次用化合物把皮肤细胞转化为心肌细胞和神经细胞

2016-05-01 MedSci MedSci原创

美国研究人员4月28日说,他们用一些化合物把皮肤细胞成功转化为心肌细胞与脑细胞,这一重要突破为将来利用化学药物修复和再生组织器官奠定基础。 这项研究由加利福尼亚大学旧金山分校华人科学家丁胜教授领导(目前也在清华大学药学院任院长),其成果以两篇论文的形式分别发表在新一期美国《科学》与《细胞-干细胞》杂志上。 把皮肤细胞转化为心肌细胞或脑细胞,从前用转基因方法做到过,但用小分子

美国研究人员4月28日说,他们用一些化合物把皮肤细胞成功转化为心肌细胞与脑细胞,这一重要突破为将来利用化学药物修复和再生组织器官奠定基础。

这项研究由加利福尼亚大学旧金山分校华人科学家丁胜教授领导(目前也在清华大学药学院任院长),其成果以两篇论文的形式分别发表在新一期美国《科学》与《细胞-干细胞》杂志上。其中Science文章第一作者是曹楠。


把皮肤细胞转化为心肌细胞或脑细胞,从前用转基因方法做到过,但用小分子药物不仅可大大提高效率和速度,还可以避免给细胞添加基因可能导致的潜在危险,例如产生肿瘤。

由于成人心脏产生新细胞的能力极其有限,此前科学家曾尝试通过移植成人心肌细胞或干细胞来治疗受损心脏,但效果不理想,移植细胞很难存活,干细胞转化效率较低。

在发表于《科学》杂志的第一项研究中,丁胜等人对89个已知会促使细胞重新编程的小分子进行筛选,找到9种化合物的组合可把人类皮肤细胞转化为心肌细胞。这大体分为两步,首先让皮肤细胞进入一种类似多能干细胞的状态,多能干细胞在特定器官中可分化为多种细胞类型,其次把这些细胞转化为心肌细胞。

研究人员表示,在把这些改造细胞植入发生心肌梗塞的小鼠体内后,小鼠受损心脏部分愈合。

在另一项研究中,研究人员利用类似方法把小鼠皮肤细胞转化为神经干细胞,所用化合物组合也包括9种小分子药物,与第一项研究使用的9种化合物部分重叠。

在把所获得的神经干细胞植入小鼠体内后,这些神经干细胞可自发转化为3种基本的脑细胞类型:神经元、少突胶质细胞和星形胶质细胞。这种神经干细胞还能自我复制,因此很适合用于治疗神经退行性疾病或脑损伤。

丁胜说,他们做了大量的体外细胞和动物体内的验证实验,这些研究成果代表着细胞治疗和体内器官再生领域“全新的突破”。

他说,未来病人也许可以通过服用药物,来修复和再生自己的组织器官,比如心脏衰竭或帕金森病患者服药后,其心脏或脑受损部分可利用现有的组织细胞再生,这一过程与蝾螈或蜥蜴断肢再生很相似。

原始出处:

Zhang Y, Cao N, Huang Y, Spencer CI, Fu JD, Yu C, Liu K, Nie B, Xu T, Li K, Xu S, Bruneau BG, Srivastava D, Ding S. Expandable Cardiovascular Progenitor Cells Reprogrammed from Fibroblasts. Cell Stem Cell. 2016 Mar 3;18(3):368-81. doi: 10.1016/j.stem.2016.02.001.

NAN CAOYU HUANGJIASHUN ZHENGC. IAN SPENCERYU ZHANGJI-DONG FUBAOMING NIEMIN XIE,MINGLIANG ZHANGHAIXIA WANGTIANHUA MATAO XUGUILAI SHIDEEPAK SRIVASTAVASHENG DING. Conversion of human fibroblasts into functional cardiomyocytes by small molecules.DOI: 10.1126/science.aaf1502


丁胜

世界著名的生物学机构美国斯克里普斯研究所化学系博士,目前在该研究所任教授,是一位年轻有为、非常具有潜力和实力的科学家。目前已发表了35篇原创性的、前沿性的文章,18篇评论及其他论著,拥有了16项专利,多次作为专家担任美国多个重大基金或项目的评审。丁胜博士具有合成化学、干细胞生物学及药物研发技术多元的专业背景,并创造性地开拓了“干细胞化学生物学”这一前沿性新领域。
   
丁胜博士研究团队早从2004年就开始进行小分子化合物诱导单功能细胞转变为多功能细胞方面的研究。其团队开创了用4个蛋白诱导ips的技术先河。这是目前“唯一”一个完全避免基因操作,避免改变基因组的ips诱导方法。在ips技术研究和发展中创造多个首例并成功首次合成小分子化合物QS11、Pluripotion和小分子化合物逆转剂reversine.这些成果被Science、Nature、华尔街等著名媒体报导,部分成为美国一流的生物技术公司成立的基本概念。
   
到目前为止,该团队在这一领域一直保持着领先。其中在一些方面第一次对生命科学领域的某些新的概念和技术进行了阐释和解析。为其他学者们在接下来的研究中提供了重要的参考依据,启发性意文。
   
丁博士在该学科的成就使得权威杂志The Scientist在年度盘点中,两度垂青这个青年科学家:丁胜博士所创的蛋白诱导ips技术被评为“年度最佳创新技术”,与此同时,丁胜博士也被The Scientist评选为“生命科学年度人物”。

2015年,清华大学成立药学院,丁胜担任首任院长。

丁胜主要研究论文

Cao N, Huang Y, Zheng J, Spencer CI, Zhang Y, Fu JD, Nie B, Xie M, Zhang M, Wang H, Ma T, Xu T, Shi G, Srivastava D, Ding S. Conversion of human fibroblasts into functional cardiomyocytes by small molecules. Science. 2016 Apr 28. pii: aaf1502


Zhang Y, Cao N, Huang Y, Spencer CI, Fu JD, Yu C, Liu K, Nie B, Xu T, Li K, Xu S, Bruneau BG, Srivastava D, Ding S. Expandable Cardiovascular Progenitor Cells Reprogrammed from Fibroblasts. Cell Stem Cell. 2016 Mar 3;18(3):368-81.


Ma T, Li J, Xu Y, Yu C, Xu T, Wang H, Liu K, Cao N, Nie BM, Zhu SY, Xu S, Li K, Wei WG, Wu Y, Guan KL, Ding S. Atg5-independent autophagy regulates mitochondrial clearance and is essential for iPSC reprogramming. Nat Cell Biol. 2015 Nov;17(11):1379-87.


Zhu S, Wang H, Ding S. Reprogramming fibroblasts toward cardiomyocytes, neural stem cells and hepatocytes by cell activation and signaling-directed lineage conversion. Nat Protoc. 2015 Jul;10(7):959-73


Yu C, Liu Y, Ma T, Liu K, Xu S, Zhang Y, Liu H, La Russa M, Xie M, Ding S, Qi LS. Small molecules enhance CRISPR genome editing in pluripotent stem cells. Cell Stem Cell. 2015 Feb 5;16(2):142-7.


Dimmeler S, Ding S, Rando TA, Trounson A. Translational strategies and challenges in regenerative medicine. Nat Med. 2014 Aug;20(8):814-21


Jin C, Yang L, Xie M, Lin C, Merkurjev D, Yang JC, Tanasa B, Oh S, Zhang J, Ohgi KA, Zhou H, Li W, Evans CP, Ding S, Rosenfeld MG. Chem-seq permits identification of genomic targets of drugs against androgen receptor regulation selected by functional phenotypic screens. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014 Jun 24;111(25):9235-40


Zhu S, Rezvani M, Harbell J, Mattis AN, Wolfe AR, Benet LZ, Willenbring H, Ding S. Mouse liver repopulation with hepatocytes generated from human fibroblasts. Nature. 2014 Apr 3;508(7494):93-7


Li K, Zhu S, Russ HA, Xu S, Xu T, Zhang Y, Ma T, Hebrok M, Ding S. Small molecules facilitate the reprogramming of mouse fibroblasts into pancreatic lineages. Cell Stem Cell. 2014 Feb 6;14(2):228-36.


Li W, Li K, Wei W, Ding S. Chemical approaches to stem cell biology and therapeutics. Cell Stem Cell. 2013 Sep 5;13(3):270-83


Liu K, Ding S. Target practice: modeling tumors with stem cells. Cell. 2012 Jun 8;149(6):1185-7.


Li H, Zhou H, Wang D, Qiu J, Zhou Y, Li X, Rosenfeld MG, Ding S, Fu XD.Versatile pathway-centric approach based on high-throughput sequencing to anticancer drug discovery. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Mar 20;109(12):4609-14.


Ambasudhan R, Talantova M, Coleman R, Yuan X, Zhu S, Lipton SA, Ding S.Direct reprogramming of adult human fibroblasts to functional neurons under defined conditions. Cell Stem Cell. 2011 Aug 5;9(2):113-8.


Zhang K, Ding S.Stem cells and eye development. N Engl J Med. 2011 Jul 28;365(4):370-2


Efe JA, Hilcove S, Kim J, Zhou H, Ouyang K, Wang G, Chen J, Ding S. Conversion of mouse fibroblasts into cardiomyocytes using a direct reprogramming strategy. Nat Cell Biol. 2011 Mar;13(3):215-22.


Xu Y, Shi Y, Ding S. A chemical approach to stem-cell biology and regenerative medicine. Nature. 2008 May 15;453(7193):338-44


Ding S, Wu X, Li G, Han M, Zhuang Y, Xu T. Efficient transposition of the piggyBac (PB) transposon in mammalian cells and mice. Cell. 2005 Aug 12;122(3):473-83

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    2016-05-08 QQ6709219e

    给力

    0

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    2016-05-04 QQ23ebf4c0

    应该为国效力

    0

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    2016-05-02 jjzouyan

    厉害的华人

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