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美学区单侧连续多颗上前牙缺失的微创即刻种植与修复--附1例病例报道

2019-08-14 董鑫 王丽君 杨小东 中国口腔种植学杂志

患者:女,47岁,来自外省。2011年12月因“上颌固定义齿桥脱落2周,要求种植固定修复”就诊。患者无吸烟、酗酒史,全身健康状况良好。病史:12牙缺失13年,可摘义齿修复。7年前11、13牙龋坏,根管治疗后行桩核烤瓷桥修复。2周前烤瓷桥松动脱落,于当地就诊时决定做种植修复,5天前已于外地微创拔除根折的13。为获得更高的治疗质量来我院就诊。口内检查:13牙为新拔牙创,12牙缺失,11牙残根,中度四环

随着口腔种植技术的不断发展,即刻种植即刻修复已经成为目前最热的种植方向和讨论话题。但目前前牙美学区域即刻种植即刻修复的美学效果一直存在争议,其焦点集中在种植修复体唇侧牙龈缘外形的长期稳定性以及软组织美学效果。以往的关注和报道多集中在单颗前牙缺失即刻种植即刻修复的美学研究。但是,多颗前牙缺失尤其是连续多颗前牙缺失的情况越来越常见,这种情况往往是创伤或不良修复造成的,这类患者的共同特点为常伴有牙齿缺失,尤其常出现美学区多颗牙的连续缺失,很难用其他方法进行固定修复。
 
为了获得理想的修复效果,往往采用种植技术联合不同的修复方式进行。而微创种植在美学方面有其独有的优势。本文通过1例美学区单侧连续多颗上前牙缺失的微创即刻种植与修复进行如下报道以分析总结美学区多颗牙缺失的种植修复方案的特点。
 
1.材料和方法
 
1.1基本情况
 
患者:女,47岁,来自外省。2011年12月因“上颌固定义齿桥脱落2周,要求种植固定修复”就诊。患者无吸烟、酗酒史,全身健康状况良好。病史:12牙缺失13年,可摘义齿修复。7年前11、13牙龋坏,根管治疗后行桩核烤瓷桥修复。2周前烤瓷桥松动脱落,于当地就诊时决定做种植修复,5天前已于外地微创拔除根折的13。为获得更高的治疗质量来我院就诊。口内检查:13牙为新拔牙创,12牙缺失,11牙残根,中度四环素牙。(图1、2)
 


1.2治疗计划
 
结合临床检查及CBCT测量分析,该病例的种植修复风险主要为美学风险:(1)多颗连续上前牙非对称性缺失,红色美学风险高;(2)中度四环素牙,白色美学修复难度大;(3)患者美观期望值高,要求减少手术次数,控制治疗费用;(4)外省患者,就诊时间紧张,复诊及时性和回访都困难。
 
有4个可选治疗方案。方案一:11加核桩,13种植,固定桥修复;方案二:11加桩核,12,13种植,冠修复;方案三:拔除11根,11,12,13种植,冠修复;方案四:拔除11根,11,13种植,固定桥修复。患者不同意将11残根(不可靠的因素)作为固定桥的基牙与种植体整合修复。其余三个方案在功能可靠性,治疗时间,治疗风险以及远期稳定性等方面均能符合患者要求,然而方案四避免了两个种植体相邻间隙小于3mm,其美学效果可预期性更好,治疗费用也最低。综合权衡各种因素后,确定选用方案四。
 
1.3种植器械和材料
 
种植体选用Nobel-Replace骨水平种植体2枚(φ4.3×13mm),骨粉用Bio-Oss骨粉,手术和修复器械为Nobel种植系统和CDIC配套器械盒,种植机为CDIC国产种植机。
 
1.4方法
 
术前详细进行口腔检查,并拍摄颌骨CBCT片,了解测量牙槽骨情况,取术前记录模型。采用利多卡因局部浸润麻醉,按照种植外科原则进行,采用微创手术的方法,根据术前设计植入相应型号种植体。残根采用微创器械拔除后行即刻种植。术中对于牙槽骨缺损骨量不足者,根据情况采用改良式骨增量技术、骨膨胀技术联合应用。13从牙槽嵴顶处用先锋钻偏腭侧方向钻一引导骨孔,然后用CDIC骨膨胀器逐级扩大骨孔至与植体直径匹配后,再用成型钻成型,备洞完成后植入Nobel-Replace骨水平种植体1枚(φ4.3×13mm)。11微创拔除残根后同样步骤备洞,在制备的种植床与原拔牙窝之间的骨间隙内填入Bio-Oss骨粉,整个备洞过程减少了自体骨的丢失,同时骨增量技术也增加了唇侧骨壁厚度。备洞完成后11植入Nobel-Replace骨水平种植体1枚(φ4.3×13mm)。种植体植入扭矩均大于35N·CM。手术完成。(图3~图9)







整个手术未翻瓣。术后常规CBCT检查。(图10)



予以冰敷消肿镇痛,3d内口服抗生素(安必仙0.5g,tid;甲硝唑0.4g,tid),口泰含漱。植体植入6个月后复诊,开始上部结构修复。口内软组织状况良好,唇侧牙槽突保持丰满度。首先拍X线片及CBCT了解种植体的骨结合情况。取下愈合基台,接入转移基台,取模。接上临时基台,制作暂时修复体,做短时间的牙龈轮廓软组织塑形(图11~13)。



五日后最终修复体制作完成,戴入,永久粘接。修复完成后3、30、72个月复诊(图14~16)。



美学评价:分别于完成后的当天,3个月,30个月,72个月进行种植修复美学评价,包括修复体外形、颜色、与邻牙协调性、牙龈乳头高度、龈缘曲线、丰满度、与对侧同名牙的对比以及患者和医师的满意度。均达到了红色和白色美学非常满意的效果。
 
2.结果
 
本病例患者采用微创种植的理念和方法,不翻瓣植入2枚Nobel-Replace骨水平种植体。6个月后X线片和CBCT检查,骨结合良好。固定义齿桥修复后,经3个月,30个月及72个月回访,骨结合良好,种植体存留率100%,龈乳头充盈邻间隙,无黑三角形成,无龈缘金属暴露,与邻牙牙龈弧线过渡自然,牙龈有点彩无瘢痕。修复体周围软组织的红色美学和修复体牙冠的白色美学均获得了令人满意的效果。
 
3.讨论
 
常规的种植手术是在拔牙创完全愈合后进行种植体植入术,从开始治疗到完成修复一般需要6~12个月甚至更长时间。而牙齿缺失后,牙槽骨所受功能刺激的方式改变,牙周膜的骨形成能力及神经感觉能力丧失,牙槽骨代谢功能下降,在拔牙后3个月牙槽骨吸收可达3~4mm,吸收发生在牙槽骨的颊舌向及垂直向,牙槽嵴唇颊侧宽度缩窄约1/3,与之相应的软组织表现为塌陷,角化龈数量减少。这种结果将造成牙槽骨的吸收特别是唇侧骨板的吸收,给种植体植入带来了极大的困难,严重影响种植体植入的位置和方向,以及种植义齿的美学效果。
 
Douglass等研究拔牙后即刻种植成功率为93.9%~100.0%。与延期种植相比,即刻种植方案能缩短疗程,利于将种植体植入理想长轴位置,将种植体植入理想的解剖位置,冠部易与邻牙协调一致,形成自然的弧度和明显的龈乳头,可获得最多的软组织支持,更符合咀嚼运动的生物力学要求,减少种植窝预备中对局部骨的损伤,保持软组织的自然形态,尽早恢复口腔咀嚼功能,而且更重要的是可以预防牙槽骨由于拔牙引起的吸收和萎缩,有效保持牙槽骨的高度和宽度。
 
微创种植时种植体与骨壁间的间隙处理:为了获得更完美的支撑软组织和获得牙槽嵴骨弓唇侧的外凸轮廓,需要在种植体和骨壁之间的间隙内充填一定量的骨替代材料,本病例采取在拔牙窝内偏腭侧的骨壁钻引导骨孔,用独有的骨膨胀技术逐级扩大和制备种植床。在原拔牙窝和种植床之间的骨间隙里填入Bio-OSS骨粉0.25g,接愈合基台。拔牙后立即植入植骨材料或人工牙根能有效预防牙槽嵴吸收,使骨丧失最小程度化。同时减少因骨吸收所造成的种植修复体颈缘与唇侧牙龈的不自然等前牙美学问题。在添加骨粉后,牙槽嵴丰满度良好,患者满意度较高,从而为后期的美学修复打下了坚实的基础。
 
微创种植理念的兴起和即刻种植的出现,改变了传统种植的面貌,即刻种植对前牙美学区的种植修复临床效果显著,能对美学区缺失牙完好的修复、提高骨密度、减少骨吸收同时对种植体与骨紧密结合也有很好的效果,值得在临床上推广使用。对于微创种植和即刻种植的长期美学效果一直都存有较大的争议。种植体负载后周围软硬组织的情况是种植牙长期美学效果的关键。骨膨胀技术的优点在于减少了骨孔制备过程中骨组织的丢失。同时不翻瓣微创种植手术保持了唇侧骨膜和牙龈的完整性,使植体周围有足够的血供,降低了唇侧骨壁吸收的程度。同时,不翻瓣也就不会在软组织上出现影响美学评估的瘢痕。
 
本病例对患者进行了长达6年的追踪回访,从影像学、美学效果以及患者的主观满意度都得到了令人满意的结果。种植体系统周围骨组织吸收情况,不仅与种植系统有关,还与患者种植体周围软组织的情况密切相关,因此在临床上同时应该关注患者软组织情况,通过改善周围软组织情况来促进骨组织修复整合。分析患者骨吸收情况的影响因素,可能与种植手术创伤有关,包括手术分离黏骨膜,修整牙槽骨,手术过程中产热等。
 
手术创伤引起的局部骨组织坏死、炎症反应等可以诱导和活化破骨细胞,进而影响骨组织吸收情况;此外,若手术基台连接过程中对软组织处理不当,以及术后微生物及其产物引起的种植体周围炎都对种植体周围组织有损伤;生物力学研究还表明植入种植体造成的过大应力也不可忽视,骨界面的微裂或骨微损伤也是导致术后初期骨吸收的原因。因此在临床上还应该提高手术的技术成熟度,尽量减少由于手术引起的各种并发症,进而增强周围骨组织吸收情况,同时要根据患者的个人情况及需求,选择合适的种植牙体系统;患者也要注意口腔卫生,正确的使用牙齿,定期清洁口腔卫生,积极向患者宣教如何正确使用和维护种植牙,以及定期复查的重要性。
 
4.结论
 
上前牙种植修复中最大的挑战是美学任务。而美学区连续多颗牙缺失的种植与修复更是种植修复中难度巨大的美学难题。要想获得理想的美学效果,需要以修复为导向,用贯穿始终的微创理念,合理的设计治疗方案,精准的手术操作,患者积极的配合,最终才能得到令人满意的结果。当然,本病例虽然经长期观察取得了很好的美学效果,但由于样本量太少,没有足够的对比,缺乏足够的说服力。作者提出骨膨胀技术和微创即刻种植的病例以供大家参考借鉴。
 
原始出处:

董鑫,王丽君,杨小东.美学区单侧连续多颗上前牙缺失的微创即刻种植与修复——附1例病例报道[J].中国口腔种植学杂志,2018,23(03):147-150.

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  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1671816, encodeId=09e416e181674, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=345036e949c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#即刻种植#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=49, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=36794, encryptionId=345036e949c, topicName=即刻种植)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=e11726859721, createdName=yangshch, createdTime=Wed Aug 21 10:27:00 CST 2019, time=2019-08-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2058129, encodeId=737920581292b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a21119834f5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#上前牙#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=19834, encryptionId=a21119834f5, topicName=上前牙)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/aLGWoFXAyMbIu3qymFOyheQLjPSX3OUs5GmkyBlcCOwTPIeq3why9NGibxxUqYo6hcx8qZLHZFgNPnBK1yzWeOFpyg2OnWOt0/0, createdBy=fa4716, createdName=仁心济世, createdTime=Fri Oct 04 08:27:00 CST 2019, time=2019-10-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1807465, encodeId=c188180e46577, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f97be993236' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#美学区#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=42, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=79932, encryptionId=f97be993236, topicName=美学区)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a12645, createdName=yeye5224612, createdTime=Thu Apr 23 17:27:00 CST 2020, time=2020-04-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1690161, encodeId=38661690161e5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=46783263548' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#前牙#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=44, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=32635, encryptionId=46783263548, topicName=前牙)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=af5c28973286, createdName=LShY0906_98743853, createdTime=Wed Nov 06 22:27:00 CST 2019, time=2019-11-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1702121, encodeId=8fc51e02121d6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=04b9e4784aa' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#种植#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=74784, encryptionId=04b9e4784aa, topicName=种植)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=47e130405619, createdName=huangdf, createdTime=Thu Feb 13 05:27:00 CST 2020, time=2020-02-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1776221, encodeId=014c1e762215d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=95d3e9930fe' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#美学#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=79930, encryptionId=95d3e9930fe, topicName=美学)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=395f25, createdName=爆笑小医, createdTime=Wed Apr 08 13:27:00 CST 2020, time=2020-04-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1317068, encodeId=c013131e06849, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=df8950505a2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#微创#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=50505, encryptionId=df8950505a2, topicName=微创)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=644e456, createdName=vera_1203, createdTime=Fri Aug 16 12:27:00 CST 2019, time=2019-08-16, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1671816, encodeId=09e416e181674, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=345036e949c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#即刻种植#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=49, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=36794, encryptionId=345036e949c, topicName=即刻种植)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=e11726859721, createdName=yangshch, createdTime=Wed Aug 21 10:27:00 CST 2019, time=2019-08-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2058129, encodeId=737920581292b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a21119834f5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#上前牙#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=19834, encryptionId=a21119834f5, topicName=上前牙)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/aLGWoFXAyMbIu3qymFOyheQLjPSX3OUs5GmkyBlcCOwTPIeq3why9NGibxxUqYo6hcx8qZLHZFgNPnBK1yzWeOFpyg2OnWOt0/0, createdBy=fa4716, createdName=仁心济世, createdTime=Fri Oct 04 08:27:00 CST 2019, time=2019-10-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1807465, encodeId=c188180e46577, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f97be993236' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#美学区#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=42, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=79932, encryptionId=f97be993236, topicName=美学区)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a12645, createdName=yeye5224612, createdTime=Thu Apr 23 17:27:00 CST 2020, time=2020-04-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1690161, encodeId=38661690161e5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=46783263548' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#前牙#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=44, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=32635, encryptionId=46783263548, topicName=前牙)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=af5c28973286, createdName=LShY0906_98743853, createdTime=Wed Nov 06 22:27:00 CST 2019, time=2019-11-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1702121, encodeId=8fc51e02121d6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=04b9e4784aa' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#种植#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=74784, encryptionId=04b9e4784aa, topicName=种植)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=47e130405619, createdName=huangdf, createdTime=Thu Feb 13 05:27:00 CST 2020, time=2020-02-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1776221, encodeId=014c1e762215d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=95d3e9930fe' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#美学#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=79930, encryptionId=95d3e9930fe, topicName=美学)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=395f25, createdName=爆笑小医, createdTime=Wed Apr 08 13:27:00 CST 2020, time=2020-04-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1317068, encodeId=c013131e06849, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=df8950505a2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#微创#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=50505, encryptionId=df8950505a2, topicName=微创)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=644e456, createdName=vera_1203, createdTime=Fri Aug 16 12:27:00 CST 2019, time=2019-08-16, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1671816, encodeId=09e416e181674, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=345036e949c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#即刻种植#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=49, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=36794, encryptionId=345036e949c, topicName=即刻种植)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=e11726859721, createdName=yangshch, createdTime=Wed Aug 21 10:27:00 CST 2019, time=2019-08-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2058129, encodeId=737920581292b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a21119834f5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#上前牙#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=19834, encryptionId=a21119834f5, topicName=上前牙)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/aLGWoFXAyMbIu3qymFOyheQLjPSX3OUs5GmkyBlcCOwTPIeq3why9NGibxxUqYo6hcx8qZLHZFgNPnBK1yzWeOFpyg2OnWOt0/0, createdBy=fa4716, createdName=仁心济世, createdTime=Fri Oct 04 08:27:00 CST 2019, time=2019-10-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1807465, encodeId=c188180e46577, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f97be993236' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#美学区#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=42, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=79932, encryptionId=f97be993236, topicName=美学区)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a12645, createdName=yeye5224612, createdTime=Thu Apr 23 17:27:00 CST 2020, time=2020-04-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1690161, encodeId=38661690161e5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=46783263548' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#前牙#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=44, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=32635, encryptionId=46783263548, topicName=前牙)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=af5c28973286, createdName=LShY0906_98743853, createdTime=Wed Nov 06 22:27:00 CST 2019, time=2019-11-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1702121, encodeId=8fc51e02121d6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=04b9e4784aa' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#种植#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=74784, encryptionId=04b9e4784aa, topicName=种植)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=47e130405619, createdName=huangdf, createdTime=Thu Feb 13 05:27:00 CST 2020, time=2020-02-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1776221, encodeId=014c1e762215d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=95d3e9930fe' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#美学#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=79930, encryptionId=95d3e9930fe, topicName=美学)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=395f25, createdName=爆笑小医, createdTime=Wed Apr 08 13:27:00 CST 2020, time=2020-04-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1317068, encodeId=c013131e06849, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=df8950505a2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#微创#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=50505, encryptionId=df8950505a2, topicName=微创)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=644e456, createdName=vera_1203, createdTime=Fri Aug 16 12:27:00 CST 2019, time=2019-08-16, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
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    2020-02-13 huangdf
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    2019-08-16 vera_1203

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鼻腭神经移位术应用于美学区骨量不足的种植1例

患者,男,45岁,两年前由于牙周炎合并急性咬合创伤,拔除11,12,拔除后未经修复治疗,患者否认全身系统性疾病。专科检查:开口度及开口型正常,牙周卫生情况一般,CI-S=1,DI-S=2,12及11缺失,缺牙区唇舌向牙槽嵴宽度及高度均有吸收。CBCT示:右侧上颌中切牙及侧切牙缺失,缺牙区唇舌向牙槽骨纤薄,伴有唇舌向牙槽骨骨宽度吸收,鼻腭神经管位置偏向牙槽嵴顶及腭侧(图1)。

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