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石安辉教授:PACIFIC研究开创III期NSCLC免疫治疗新篇

2019-07-10 佚名 肿瘤资讯

放疗是肺癌非常重要的治疗手段,在Ⅲ期不可切除非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的治疗上,同步放化疗是基石,近年来基于PACIFIC研究,Ⅲ期不可切除NSCLC的治疗有了重大突破。

放疗是肺癌非常重要的治疗手段,在Ⅲ期不可切除非小细胞肺癌NSCLC)的治疗上,同步放化疗是基石,近年来基于PACIFIC研究,Ⅲ期不可切除NSCLC的治疗有了重大突破。

放射治疗在不同分期NSCLC治疗中均具有重要作用

手术是Ⅰ期NSCLC的标准治疗,但临床中仍有部分Ⅰ期患者因为各种原因不能手术或拒绝手术,对于这部分患者,首选立体定向放射治疗(SBRT)。对于无法手术的III期NSCLC患者,在2017年PACIFIC研究公布之前,同步放化疗是标准治疗,免疫治疗时代到来后,基于PACIFIC研究结果,标准治疗已变更为同步放化疗后给予Durvalumab(简称“I”药)巩固治疗。Ⅳ期NSCLC以全身治疗为主,但放疗同样不可或缺,尤其当患者出现寡转移时。寡转移是指转移病灶较少,单一器官转移病灶数不是特别多,总的数目1~6个时称为寡转移,如肺内转移或肝脏转移只有1~3个病灶。通过放疗联合全身治疗,如与免疫治疗、靶向治疗或化疗的联合,能够明显延长患者的生存期。总之,放疗在Ⅰ期到Ⅳ期NSCLC的治疗中均具有非常重要的地位。

PACIFIC研究是里程碑式的研究,3年生存率57%振奋人心

PACIFIC研究是里程碑式的研究,对于不可切除III期NSCLC,在2017年PACIFIC研究结果公布之前的十几年间,同步放化疗是标准治疗。PACIFIC研究结果显示,同步放化疗或诱导化疗+同步放化疗后未出现疾病进展的患者,后续给予Durvalumab巩固治疗,患者的无进展生存(PFS)延长了将近3倍。今年ASCO年会上,PACIFIC研究3年随访结果公布,Durvalumab巩固治疗组的3年生存率达到57%,这是非常振奋人心的结果。过往对于不可切除III期NSCLC患者,其3年生存率是无法达到此高度的。同时从临床实践中,我们观察到,接受同步放化疗后的患者,如果2年之内不复发,那么其2年之后复发的概率就很低了。PACIFIC研究3年的生存率达到57%,让我们更加期待其5年生存结果,我个人认为应该会有非常好的结果。

放疗联合免疫治疗导致治疗相关性肺炎的处理

单纯放疗,或放疗联合化疗、放疗联合免疫治疗都可以引起治疗相关性肺炎,治疗相关性肺炎实际上均属于间质性肺炎。免疫治疗时代前,来自我们北京大学肿瘤医院的研究结果显示,患者同步放化疗后出现需要治疗的大于Ⅱ度的放射性肺炎发生率不足10%,患者主要表现为咳嗽加重、憋气加重、发烧三大症状,此时需要专科医师进行甄别处理,如果治疗1周没有好转,就必需高度注意放射性肺炎,但放射性肺炎经及时处理是可治愈的。同步放化疗后进行免疫治疗,可能会出现免疫相关性肺炎,但PACIFIC研究数据显示,与不进行免疫治疗患者相比,重度间质性肺炎的发生率没有差别,所以不用过于担心,即便出现治疗相关性肺炎,及时处理完全可以治愈。

免疫治疗在Ⅲ期、Ⅳ期NSCLC治疗中均取得优越疗效

对于Ⅲ期不可手术切除的NSCLC,目前有证据的就是同步放化疗后免疫治疗维持,是Ⅰ类证据。现在也有很多研究在探讨同步放化疗同时联合免疫治疗,治疗结束后再进行免疫治疗维持,我个人很期待这些研究的结果。对于Ⅳ期驱动基因阴性的NSCLC,很多研究显示,如果PD-L1表达≥50%,一线可以使用免疫治疗单药疗法,PD-L1表达<50%,则选择免疫治疗联合化疗,疗效相当不错。结合个人临床经验,Ⅳ期NSCLC患者接受免疫治疗或化疗后,如果疗效评估为部分缓解或稳定,可以考虑咨询一下放疗科医师的建议,看看是否适合立体定向放射治疗,对部分可见病灶进行立体定向消融放疗,可以明显地改善患者的生存期。

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    2020-03-30 bnjfy
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    2020-06-14 juliusluan78
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    2019-07-10 肿肿

    NSCLC下一步突破在于新靶点了,靶向治疗和免疫治疗基本见顶了,再有新的就需要新机制了

    0

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惠周光教授:PACIFIC研究改写临床实践,Durvalumab续写华章

放疗是肺癌非常重要的治疗手段,在不可切除Ⅲ期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的治疗上,根治性同步放化疗是标准治疗,2017年PACIFIC研究的公布,一场“海啸”席卷而来。免疫治疗在晚期NSCLC的治疗上,给部分患者带来了长生存,随着2019年ASCO年会上PACIFIC研究3年随访结果的公布,在不可切除Ⅲ期NSCLC患者中,同样有望获得长期生存。

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