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90%的人不知道,它是监测肾损伤的早期指标

2020-04-20 检验医学网 检验医学网

我们都知道肾脏以具有强大的储备代偿功能而著称,但也正因为这样,肾脏出了问题,我们往往不能早期察觉。

我们都知道肾脏以具有强大的储备代偿功能而着称,但也正因为这样,肾脏出了问题,我们往往不能早期察觉;而肾脏还有另外一个特点:它损失的每一份功能都是不可再生的。因此,保护肾功能,及早发现毒性因素的损害具有重要意义。今天就谈一谈一个肾损伤监测的早期指标——α1微球蛋白。

α1微球蛋白(α-MG)是一种糖蛋白,由人体的肝脏和淋巴细胞合成,广泛存在于人体各种体液及淋巴细胞膜表面。血液中的α1-MG以两种形式存在,即游离的α1-MG和与IgA结合的α1-MG(α1MG-1gA)。正常情况下,血液中游离的α1-MG可自由通过肾小球滤过膜,95%-99%在肾近曲小管重吸收和代谢,只有微量的α1-MG从尿液排出;而结合型的α1-MG则不能通过肾小球,其在尿液中的浓度为零。

α1-MG在血清及尿液中增高的原因有:肾小管重吸收和代谢α1-MG的能力降低;肾小球滤过功能受损;体内合成过多或淋巴细胞破坏释放。血清及尿液中α1-MG的测定可作为反应肾小管重吸收功能受损的一项灵敏指标。尿α1微球蛋白的正常范围为:<6mg/24h。

临床意义

1.升高:

(1)各种肾病导致的肾功能不全,如肾小球损伤早期、原发性肾小球肾炎、间质性肾炎、糖尿病肾病、狼疮肾、急慢性肾功能衰竭等),该项检查为评价肾功能的敏感指标,而且在一定程度上尿α1微球蛋白的测定优于尿β2微球蛋白的测定。

(2)也见于IgA型骨髓瘤、肝癌等。

2.降低:

提示重度肝功能损害,见于肝病患者。

注意事项

1、留24小时尿的当天正常饮食,正常活动,不要刻意喝太多的水,既不能卧床不动也不能过于剧烈的运动。

2、天气炎热时,有的医院要求加防腐剂以免尿液变质,不过最好是什么也不加,收集的尿液放冰箱保存最为科学。

3、感冒和腹泻期间不宜做尿化验,一般等病愈后一周再做。

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    2021-08-20 nahsey

    学习!

    0

  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1009600, encodeId=ecb910096006d, content=学习!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=113, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210705/b7a64c53cc944fed9f929b23bad22004/7f2fd5fb135d454e823fcf64fa76bd8f.jpg, createdBy=b07a5542322, createdName=nahsey, createdTime=Fri Aug 20 07:01:41 CST 2021, time=2021-08-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=973343, encodeId=6d239e33439b, content=谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=101, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1a272265480, createdName=12192b1am98暂无昵称, createdTime=Sun Jun 13 21:38:04 CST 2021, time=2021-06-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=970086, encodeId=66619e0086ea, content=谢谢分享!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=84, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3b395510907, createdName=ms9000000184606290, createdTime=Tue Jun 01 15:54:03 CST 2021, time=2021-06-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=884033, encodeId=43c2884033ee, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=151, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=76d12257050, createdName=12177770m58暂无昵称, createdTime=Wed Sep 09 23:22:26 CST 2020, time=2020-09-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1397954, encodeId=bc04139e95428, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=8bee565436d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#损伤#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=84, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=56543, encryptionId=8bee565436d, topicName=损伤)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=55683, createdName=仁医06, createdTime=Wed Apr 22 08:27:53 CST 2020, time=2020-04-22, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-06-13 12192b1am98暂无昵称

    谢谢分享

    0

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    2021-06-01 ms9000000184606290

    谢谢分享!

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1009600, encodeId=ecb910096006d, content=学习!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=113, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210705/b7a64c53cc944fed9f929b23bad22004/7f2fd5fb135d454e823fcf64fa76bd8f.jpg, createdBy=b07a5542322, createdName=nahsey, createdTime=Fri Aug 20 07:01:41 CST 2021, time=2021-08-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=973343, encodeId=6d239e33439b, content=谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=101, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1a272265480, createdName=12192b1am98暂无昵称, createdTime=Sun Jun 13 21:38:04 CST 2021, time=2021-06-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=970086, encodeId=66619e0086ea, content=谢谢分享!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=84, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3b395510907, createdName=ms9000000184606290, createdTime=Tue Jun 01 15:54:03 CST 2021, time=2021-06-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=884033, encodeId=43c2884033ee, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=151, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=76d12257050, createdName=12177770m58暂无昵称, createdTime=Wed Sep 09 23:22:26 CST 2020, time=2020-09-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1397954, encodeId=bc04139e95428, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=8bee565436d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#损伤#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=84, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=56543, encryptionId=8bee565436d, topicName=损伤)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=55683, createdName=仁医06, createdTime=Wed Apr 22 08:27:53 CST 2020, time=2020-04-22, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-09-09 12177770m58暂无昵称

    学习了

    0

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    2020-04-22 仁医06

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