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Lancet oncol:肝母细胞瘤术后予以两个疗程的辅助化疗足以降低低危患者的复发风险

2019-04-14 MedSci MedSci原创

肝母细胞瘤需采用手术切除,但仅三分之一的新确诊的肝母细胞瘤患者在确诊时,还可进行切除手术。术后通常还需进行4-6个疗程的联合辅助化疗(顺铂、氟尿嘧啶和长春新碱)。对于确诊时已完全切除肝母细胞瘤的患儿,两个疗程的辅助化疗是否足以维持无事件存活?现研究人员对此进行研究。研究人员开展一多中心的3期试验,招募不同风险等级的、采用风险适应性疗法的患者。本次报告是针对低风险患者。受试患者≤21岁、经组织学确诊

肝母细胞瘤需采用手术切除,但仅三分之一的新确诊的肝母细胞瘤患者在确诊时,还可进行切除手术。术后通常还需进行4-6个疗程的联合辅助化疗(顺铂、氟尿嘧啶和长春新碱)。对于确诊时已完全切除肝母细胞瘤的患儿,两个疗程的辅助化疗是否足以维持无事件存活?现研究人员对此进行研究。

研究人员开展一多中心的3期试验,招募不同风险等级的、采用风险适应性疗法的患者。本次报告是针对低风险患者。受试患者≤21岁、经组织学确诊、I或II期肝母细胞瘤(无胎儿I期或未分化的小细胞)、血清α-甲胎蛋白升高(>100 ng/mL)、确诊时已完全切除、未进行过化疗或其他肝母细胞瘤靶向治疗。术后42天内接受两个疗程的化疗(顺铂[100 mg/m2或3.3 mg/kg]、氟尿嘧啶[600 mg/m2或20 mg/kg]和长春新碱[1.5mg/m2或0.05mg/kg]),21天一疗程。主要评估指标是招募后6年的总体存活率(截至2017年12月31日)。

2010年5月18日-2014年5月28日,从两个国家的32个中心招募了51位低风险患者,其中49位在术后进行辅助化疗。中位随访42个月(IQR 36-62)。四年无事件存活率92%(95% CI 79-97),五年无事件存活率为88%(72-95)。49位患者中有2位(4%)出现手术并发症(胆管瘘)。最常见的3-4级副反应是发热性中性粒细胞减少(7位[14%])、中性粒细胞计数减少(3[6%])、感染(4[8%])和腹泻(4[8%])。一位患者出现耳毒性。三位患者在研究过程中癌症复发,其中一位患者死亡。两位患者在停药后死于临床缓解期。一位患者在停药后1年死于肺炎和败血症,另有一位患者在治疗结束后57个月死于不相关的原因。无治疗相关性死亡。

综上所述,术后予以两个疗程的小剂量顺铂、氟尿嘧啶和长春新碱辅助化疗,有助于降低确诊时已切除的肝母细胞瘤患者癌症的复发风险。

原始出处:

Howard M Katzenstein,et al. Minimal adjuvant chemotherapy for children with hepatoblastoma resected at diagnosis (AHEP0731): a Children's Oncology Group, multicentre, phase 3 trial. The Lancet Oncology. April 08,2019. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(18)30895-7

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    2019-05-05 minlingfeng
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    2019-10-17 howi
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