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Nature:救命!科学家发现生长造血干细胞的新方法

2016-05-03 佚名 生物谷

麦克马斯特大学干细胞和癌症研究所(McMaster University's Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute)研究人员在理解人类血液系统干细胞方面取得了重大进步,他们发现了一种关键蛋白质如何允许这些细胞更好的控制和再生。 这项研究最新发表于《Nature》期刊,阐明了一种被称为Musashi-2的蛋白质如何调节重要造血干细胞的功能和发育。

麦克马斯特大学干细胞和癌症研究所(McMaster University's Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute)研究人员在理解人类血液系统干细胞方面取得了重大进步,他们发现了一种关键蛋白质如何允许这些细胞更好的控制和再生。

这项研究最新发表于《Nature》期刊,阐明了一种被称为Musashi-2的蛋白质如何调节重要造血干细胞的功能和发育。

研究发现提供能够被用于控制这些干细胞生长的新策略。这些细胞可用于治疗一系列致命疾病,但通常非常短缺。

该研究资深作者Kristin Hope是干细胞和癌症研究所首席研究员、麦克马斯特大学生物化学和生物医学科学系助理教授。其他合作者还包括来自加州大学圣迭戈分校、多伦多大学和蒙特利尔大学的研究人员。

Hope表示,这一发现可能对成千上万遭受一系列血液疾病侵袭的患者产生深远的影响,包括白血病、淋巴瘤、再生障碍性贫血、镰状细胞病等。

"我们事实上阐明了这些干细胞的工作方式。现在能够在全新的水平上理解它们如何发挥作用,这为我们确定如何将这些干细胞最大化用于疗法提供了巨大的优势。新发现的控制这些细胞再生的能力,将能够使更多的患者得到他们所需的治疗。"

该研究团队特定研究来自脐带血的干细胞,在治疗成人血癌方面,脐带血是一种得到证实但利用率较低的干细胞来源。这些干细胞有潜力成为重要的疗法,用于治疗成千上万等待救命移植的血癌患者。

来自脐带血的细胞具备使其更容易用于移植的独特性质,包括可获得性和适应性。因此,它们允许更安全和更有效的移植。

Hope指出,问题是个体脐带血样本中可用的干细胞非常少--所有样本中,只有5%真正包含足够用于移植的细胞。该团队深入研究了Musashi-2的重要性及其扩增给定血样中干细胞数量的作用,可能有助于缓解当前的干细胞短缺问题。

该研究共同通讯作者、加州大学圣迭戈分校副教授Gene Yeo补充道:"大多数干细胞研究集中于结合到DNA的蛋白质以控制基因输出。(但)Musashi-2结合到RNA,这是我们发现的这种蛋白质的突出作用,也强调了研究干细胞中这第二层面基因调控的迫切需要。"

Hope说:"为移植提供更多的干细胞,可能缓解当前的某些移植后并发症,并允许(患者)更快的恢复,继而减少整体医疗费用和新诊断患者寻求治疗的等待时间。"

"通过扩增干细胞的数量,正如我们所做的,更多的捐赠样品现在可以被用于移植。"

原始出处:

Rentas S, Holzapfel NT, Belew MS, Pratt GA, Voisin V, Wilhelm BT, Bader GD, Yeo GW, Hope KJ. Musashi-2 attenuates AHR signalling to expand human haematopoietic stem cells. Nature. 2016 Apr 28;532(7600):508-11.

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    2016-08-27 liye789132251
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    2016-05-05 俅侠

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