Baidu
map

原发性干燥综合征当前的治疗进展

2022-01-17 生物制药小编 生物制药小编

干燥综合征目前的诊疗进展。

干燥综合征(Sjögren’s syndrome,SjS)是一种以自身免疫性外分泌病为特征的常见风湿病。单独发生的SjS称为原发性干燥综合征(primary Sjögren’s syndrome,pSS),继发于另一种风湿病,则定义为继发性SjS。pSS主要发生于女性,其在一般人群中的估计患病率约为10/10000。pSS的病理标志是唾液腺和泪腺组织中存在浸润淋巴细胞。自身免疫损伤引起的腺体功能障碍可导致眼、口干燥,是pSS的主要临床特征。pSS还可累及多器官系统,并导致腺外表现,导致不同的临床表现。而且,pSS患者发生淋巴瘤的风险高于健康对照组。

pSS的治疗方案主要包括局部用药和全身治疗。然而对于包括常规缓解病情抗风湿药物(DMARD)在内的全身性药物,大多数安慰剂对照试验发现,与安慰剂相比,疾病活动度和疲乏评分相对于基线的变化无差异。迫切需要开发有效的pSS全身治疗方法。包括生物DMARD和靶向合成DMARD在内的靶向治疗在类风湿关节炎(RA)等其他风湿性疾病中取得了巨大的成功。在过去的二十年中,越来越多的临床试验评价了有关pSS的靶向治疗。

pSS的发病机制、诊断和治疗

pSS的发病机制复杂,且涉及多种因素,包括遗传因素、腺体内在缺陷、环境诱因及其他因素。先天性免疫和获得性免疫在pSS发病机制中均具有关键作用。一般遗传倾向、环境触发因素和腺体内在缺陷之间的相互作用可导致自身反应性免疫细胞的激活和外分泌腺上皮的自身免疫攻击(图1)。那些损伤的腺上皮细胞产生趋化因子和促炎性细胞因子,可通过增加向腺组织的免疫浸润而放大自身免疫反应。这些病理过程可引起外分泌腺进行性损害,外分泌腺功能受损者中可出现干燥症状。

图片

图1. pSS发生中涉及的病理过程概述

B细胞过度活化是pSS的致病标志,它促进大量自身抗体的产生。一些自身抗体可与自身抗原结合,生成免疫复合物,后者可沉积于多器官系统,引发相应组织的损伤。

B细胞在pSS发生过程中可分泌促炎性细胞因子,并将抗原递呈给T细胞。部分pSS病例的腺体组织出现三级淋巴结构(TLS)或异位生发中心(GC)样结构,可促进自身免疫,破坏腺体组织。部分pSS患者在自身免疫B细胞多克隆活化后可进一步发生淋巴瘤。因此,B细胞是参与pSS发病的关键免疫细胞,长期以来一直被视为干预的关键靶点。

除B细胞外,辅助性T细胞17(TH17)、滤泡性T辅助性T细胞(TFH)和细胞毒性T淋巴细胞(CTL)等T细胞也是pSS的重要参与者。那些T细胞可以促进B细胞的活化,直接引起外分泌腺的损伤。而且,先天性免疫的异常也参与了pSS发病。最后,腺上皮的内在缺陷也可通过多种机制促进pSS发生,包括提供慢性活化信号。这些腺体内在缺陷已被视为pSS的潜在治疗靶标。尽管如此,pSS的发病机制尚未完全明确,还需要更多的研究来揭示合适的治疗靶点。

pSS靶向治疗的当前进展

当前部分靶向治疗已经成为pSS的潜在治疗药物,包括B细胞耗竭剂、B细胞活化抑制剂和靶向共信号分子或促炎性细胞因子的药物(图1)。然而,目前pSS靶向治疗的证据仍然很少,美国食品药品监督管理局(FDA)或欧洲药品管理局(EMA)尚未批准任何生物制剂治疗pSS。

图片

图2. pSS治疗的潜在生物制剂

B细胞靶向治疗pSS

B细胞过度活化是pSS发病机制的致病标志,长期以来一直被视为pSS的治疗靶点。B细胞靶向治疗pSS主要包括B细胞耗竭剂(靶向B细胞特异性表面抗原)和B细胞活化抑制剂。通过靶向B细胞活化配体或其受体抑制B细胞活化是治疗系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)的一种较为成熟的策略。B细胞活化配体如B细胞活化因子(BAFF,也称为TNFSF13B或BLyS)和增殖诱导配体(APRIL,也称为TNFSF13)是关键治疗靶点。受体如BAFF受体(BAFF-R,又称BR3或TNFRSF13C)、跨膜激活剂和CAML相互作用因子(TACI,又称TNFRSF13B)、B细胞成熟抗原(BCMA)等也是干预的重要靶点。

表1.B细胞靶向疗法治疗pSS

图片

靶向共刺激信号治疗pSS

共信号分子在调节自身免疫应答中具有关键作用,是风湿性疾病的重要治疗靶点。其中,阿巴西普是一种CTLA-4 Ig融合蛋白,可与CD80/CD86结合,抑制CD28-CD80/86的共刺激相互作用,减少CD28介导的T细胞共刺激。

临床前研究表明,CD40-CD40L共刺激通路是pSS的关键因素,靶向该通路可以抑制pSS相关病理生理。Iscalimab(CFZ533)是一种阻断性但非耗竭性抗CD40单克隆抗体,可阻断CD40-CD40L通路。而ICOS-ICOSL是参与T细胞活化的关键共刺激信号通路,Prezalumab是一种抗ICOSL单克隆抗体,在治疗SLE方面具有潜在疗效。

表2.靶向同刺激因子临床试验汇总

图片

促炎细胞因子抗体

由于促炎性细胞因子如白细胞介素-6(IL-6)在B细胞活化中发挥关键作用,并参与pSS发病机制,因此针对这些细胞因子的生物制剂可能对治疗pSS具有潜在获益。然而,这些靶向促炎性细胞因子的生物制剂均不能有效治疗pSS。一项在28例pSS患者中进行的安慰剂对照试验显示,与安慰剂相比,IL-1受体(IL-1R)拮抗剂阿那白滞素抑制白细胞介素-1(IL-1)对疲劳评分较基线的变化无明显影响。近期在110例pSS患者中开展的安慰剂对照试验(NCT01782235)报告,与安慰剂相比,托珠单抗阻断白细胞介素-6受体(IL-6R)不会改善pSS患者的系统受累和症状。这些结果表明,靶向TNFα、IL-6或IL-1β的生物制剂治疗pSS无明显疗效。

过度激活的干扰素-α(IFNα)通路是pSS的关键特征。FNα可促进B细胞的活化,直接对腺体组织造成损伤,是pSS有前景的治疗靶点。

表3评估SjS中促炎性细胞因子抗体或关键信号通路小分子抑制剂临床试验汇总

图片

靶向信号通路的小分子抑制剂

小分子抑制剂如Janus激酶(JAK)抑制剂在风湿性疾病的管理中具有新作用。JAK/STAT信号转导的过度激活参与了pSS的发病机制,表明JAK是一种可行的干预靶点。几项临床前研究表明JAK抑制剂治疗pSS的潜力,然而,一项临床试验(NCT03100942)未能证明JAK1抑制剂filgotinib治疗pSS的疗效。

磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶δ异构体(PI3Kδ)是B细胞增殖和活化的关键调节因子,其抑制剂可有效治疗淋巴瘤。在pSS患者的唾液腺中发现PI3Kδ通路过度激活,导致pSS发病。两项临床试验(NCT02610543、NCT02775916)评价了PI3Kδ抑制剂(包括seletalisib和leniolisib)治疗pSS的疗效,但均未发现有益作用。然而,一项临床试验(NCT02610543)显示,在接受seletalisib治疗的pSS患者中,ESSDAI和ESSPRI有改善趋势。

SYK是一种关键的信号传导分子,在调节BCR和Fc受体信号传导通路中具有关键作用。SYK抑制剂在治疗风湿性疾病中的作用越来越受到关注。一项未发表的安慰剂对照ii期试验(NCT03100942)评价了兰瑞匹布(GS-9876,SYK抑制剂)在pSS中的疗效,但未能确定有益作用。

用于pSS治疗的其他生物制剂

还有几种其他类型的靶向治疗正在评估中,用于pSS治疗。RSLV-132(一种RNase Fc融合蛋白)核酸酶治疗可增加RNA消化活性,减少包括RNA自身抗原在内的循环RNA。一项在28例pSS患者中进行的安慰剂对照ii期试验(NCT03247686)发现,接受RSLV-132核酸酶治疗的患者的ESSPRI评分和疲乏出现具有临床意义的改善。组织蛋白酶S活化与pSS发病机制有关。然而,在一项评估RO5459072(petesicatib,组织蛋白酶S抑制剂)对pSS疗效的未发表的安慰剂对照ii期试验(NCT02701985)中,发现petesicatib和安慰剂治疗组之间ESSDAI评分和ESSPRI评分较基线的变化无明显差异。

图片

小编总结:目前靶向治疗pSS疗效的证据仍然很少,FDA或EMA尚未批准任何生物制剂治疗pSS。这些有前景的生物制剂治疗pSS的疗效和长期安全性特征需要在更大型的安慰剂对照试验中证实。为了揭示更合适的干预靶点,需要进一步的机制研究来揭示pSS中的关键致病因子。而且,早期诊断和以腺体功能为中心的结局指标可能有助于改善pSS系统治疗的现状,有必要对这些方面进行更多的研究。

参考文献:

Wang, B., Chen, S., Li, Y. et al. Targeted Therapy for Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome: Where are We Now?. BioDrugs (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40259-021-00505-7

版权声明:
本网站所有内容来源注明为“梅斯医学”或“MedSci原创”的文字、图片和音视频资料,版权均属于梅斯医学所有。非经授权,任何媒体、网站或个人不得转载,授权转载时须注明来源为“梅斯医学”。其它来源的文章系转载文章,或“梅斯号”自媒体发布的文章,仅系出于传递更多信息之目的,本站仅负责审核内容合规,其内容不代表本站立场,本站不负责内容的准确性和版权。如果存在侵权、或不希望被转载的媒体或个人可与我们联系,我们将立即进行删除处理。
在此留言
评论区 (7)
#插入话题
  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1219599, encodeId=f6a9121959928, content=学习了。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=39f83008767, createdName=30808412, createdTime=Sat May 14 15:45:18 CST 2022, time=2022-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1208557, encodeId=a394120855e74, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c04a48e438b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#干燥综合征#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=101, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=48743, encryptionId=c04a48e438b, topicName=干燥综合征)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=医者仁者, createdTime=Mon Apr 04 16:03:18 CST 2022, time=2022-04-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1847020, encodeId=ed74184e02070, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d3a33e0306d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#原发性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=37030, encryptionId=d3a33e0306d, topicName=原发性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8e4c53, createdName=jiyangfei, createdTime=Sun Dec 18 20:08:41 CST 2022, time=2022-12-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1432236, encodeId=69d5143223635, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f9b9e9124a8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#综合征#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=79124, encryptionId=f9b9e9124a8, topicName=综合征)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/aLGWoFXAyMbIu3qymFOyheQLjPSX3OUs5GmkyBlcCOwTPIeq3why9NGibxxUqYo6hcx8qZLHZFgNPnBK1yzWeOFpyg2OnWOt0/0, createdBy=fa4716, createdName=zhouqu_8, createdTime=Wed Jan 19 04:08:41 CST 2022, time=2022-01-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1531079, encodeId=856a15310e969, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=06413e05695' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#原发性干燥综合征#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=37056, encryptionId=06413e05695, topicName=原发性干燥综合征)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=2aa512204505, createdName=dinorsor528, createdTime=Wed Jan 19 04:08:41 CST 2022, time=2022-01-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1185234, encodeId=0fa0118523476, content=学习了~~, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3b5d3045764, createdName=729787690, createdTime=Mon Jan 17 16:41:12 CST 2022, time=2022-01-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1185212, encodeId=3493118521297, content=学到了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220406/3b7a0097d1734882a9d49e4ae21b3eac/d2335d2d39cd4ee0b008a7edef49050b.jpg, createdBy=86032306225, createdName=sylphe, createdTime=Mon Jan 17 15:28:03 CST 2022, time=2022-01-17, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-05-14 30808412

    学习了。

    0

  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1219599, encodeId=f6a9121959928, content=学习了。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=39f83008767, createdName=30808412, createdTime=Sat May 14 15:45:18 CST 2022, time=2022-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1208557, encodeId=a394120855e74, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c04a48e438b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#干燥综合征#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=101, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=48743, encryptionId=c04a48e438b, topicName=干燥综合征)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=医者仁者, createdTime=Mon Apr 04 16:03:18 CST 2022, time=2022-04-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1847020, encodeId=ed74184e02070, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d3a33e0306d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#原发性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=37030, encryptionId=d3a33e0306d, topicName=原发性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8e4c53, createdName=jiyangfei, createdTime=Sun Dec 18 20:08:41 CST 2022, time=2022-12-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1432236, encodeId=69d5143223635, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f9b9e9124a8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#综合征#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=79124, encryptionId=f9b9e9124a8, topicName=综合征)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/aLGWoFXAyMbIu3qymFOyheQLjPSX3OUs5GmkyBlcCOwTPIeq3why9NGibxxUqYo6hcx8qZLHZFgNPnBK1yzWeOFpyg2OnWOt0/0, createdBy=fa4716, createdName=zhouqu_8, createdTime=Wed Jan 19 04:08:41 CST 2022, time=2022-01-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1531079, encodeId=856a15310e969, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=06413e05695' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#原发性干燥综合征#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=37056, encryptionId=06413e05695, topicName=原发性干燥综合征)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=2aa512204505, createdName=dinorsor528, createdTime=Wed Jan 19 04:08:41 CST 2022, time=2022-01-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1185234, encodeId=0fa0118523476, content=学习了~~, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3b5d3045764, createdName=729787690, createdTime=Mon Jan 17 16:41:12 CST 2022, time=2022-01-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1185212, encodeId=3493118521297, content=学到了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220406/3b7a0097d1734882a9d49e4ae21b3eac/d2335d2d39cd4ee0b008a7edef49050b.jpg, createdBy=86032306225, createdName=sylphe, createdTime=Mon Jan 17 15:28:03 CST 2022, time=2022-01-17, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1219599, encodeId=f6a9121959928, content=学习了。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=39f83008767, createdName=30808412, createdTime=Sat May 14 15:45:18 CST 2022, time=2022-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1208557, encodeId=a394120855e74, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c04a48e438b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#干燥综合征#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=101, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=48743, encryptionId=c04a48e438b, topicName=干燥综合征)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=医者仁者, createdTime=Mon Apr 04 16:03:18 CST 2022, time=2022-04-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1847020, encodeId=ed74184e02070, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d3a33e0306d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#原发性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=37030, encryptionId=d3a33e0306d, topicName=原发性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8e4c53, createdName=jiyangfei, createdTime=Sun Dec 18 20:08:41 CST 2022, time=2022-12-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1432236, encodeId=69d5143223635, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f9b9e9124a8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#综合征#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=79124, encryptionId=f9b9e9124a8, topicName=综合征)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/aLGWoFXAyMbIu3qymFOyheQLjPSX3OUs5GmkyBlcCOwTPIeq3why9NGibxxUqYo6hcx8qZLHZFgNPnBK1yzWeOFpyg2OnWOt0/0, createdBy=fa4716, createdName=zhouqu_8, createdTime=Wed Jan 19 04:08:41 CST 2022, time=2022-01-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1531079, encodeId=856a15310e969, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=06413e05695' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#原发性干燥综合征#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=37056, encryptionId=06413e05695, topicName=原发性干燥综合征)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=2aa512204505, createdName=dinorsor528, createdTime=Wed Jan 19 04:08:41 CST 2022, time=2022-01-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1185234, encodeId=0fa0118523476, content=学习了~~, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3b5d3045764, createdName=729787690, createdTime=Mon Jan 17 16:41:12 CST 2022, time=2022-01-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1185212, encodeId=3493118521297, content=学到了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220406/3b7a0097d1734882a9d49e4ae21b3eac/d2335d2d39cd4ee0b008a7edef49050b.jpg, createdBy=86032306225, createdName=sylphe, createdTime=Mon Jan 17 15:28:03 CST 2022, time=2022-01-17, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1219599, encodeId=f6a9121959928, content=学习了。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=39f83008767, createdName=30808412, createdTime=Sat May 14 15:45:18 CST 2022, time=2022-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1208557, encodeId=a394120855e74, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c04a48e438b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#干燥综合征#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=101, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=48743, encryptionId=c04a48e438b, topicName=干燥综合征)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=医者仁者, createdTime=Mon Apr 04 16:03:18 CST 2022, time=2022-04-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1847020, encodeId=ed74184e02070, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d3a33e0306d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#原发性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=37030, encryptionId=d3a33e0306d, topicName=原发性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8e4c53, createdName=jiyangfei, createdTime=Sun Dec 18 20:08:41 CST 2022, time=2022-12-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1432236, encodeId=69d5143223635, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f9b9e9124a8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#综合征#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=79124, encryptionId=f9b9e9124a8, topicName=综合征)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/aLGWoFXAyMbIu3qymFOyheQLjPSX3OUs5GmkyBlcCOwTPIeq3why9NGibxxUqYo6hcx8qZLHZFgNPnBK1yzWeOFpyg2OnWOt0/0, createdBy=fa4716, createdName=zhouqu_8, createdTime=Wed Jan 19 04:08:41 CST 2022, time=2022-01-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1531079, encodeId=856a15310e969, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=06413e05695' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#原发性干燥综合征#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=37056, encryptionId=06413e05695, topicName=原发性干燥综合征)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=2aa512204505, createdName=dinorsor528, createdTime=Wed Jan 19 04:08:41 CST 2022, time=2022-01-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1185234, encodeId=0fa0118523476, content=学习了~~, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3b5d3045764, createdName=729787690, createdTime=Mon Jan 17 16:41:12 CST 2022, time=2022-01-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1185212, encodeId=3493118521297, content=学到了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220406/3b7a0097d1734882a9d49e4ae21b3eac/d2335d2d39cd4ee0b008a7edef49050b.jpg, createdBy=86032306225, createdName=sylphe, createdTime=Mon Jan 17 15:28:03 CST 2022, time=2022-01-17, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1219599, encodeId=f6a9121959928, content=学习了。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=39f83008767, createdName=30808412, createdTime=Sat May 14 15:45:18 CST 2022, time=2022-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1208557, encodeId=a394120855e74, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c04a48e438b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#干燥综合征#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=101, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=48743, encryptionId=c04a48e438b, topicName=干燥综合征)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=医者仁者, createdTime=Mon Apr 04 16:03:18 CST 2022, time=2022-04-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1847020, encodeId=ed74184e02070, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d3a33e0306d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#原发性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=37030, encryptionId=d3a33e0306d, topicName=原发性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8e4c53, createdName=jiyangfei, createdTime=Sun Dec 18 20:08:41 CST 2022, time=2022-12-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1432236, encodeId=69d5143223635, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f9b9e9124a8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#综合征#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=79124, encryptionId=f9b9e9124a8, topicName=综合征)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/aLGWoFXAyMbIu3qymFOyheQLjPSX3OUs5GmkyBlcCOwTPIeq3why9NGibxxUqYo6hcx8qZLHZFgNPnBK1yzWeOFpyg2OnWOt0/0, createdBy=fa4716, createdName=zhouqu_8, createdTime=Wed Jan 19 04:08:41 CST 2022, time=2022-01-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1531079, encodeId=856a15310e969, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=06413e05695' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#原发性干燥综合征#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=37056, encryptionId=06413e05695, topicName=原发性干燥综合征)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=2aa512204505, createdName=dinorsor528, createdTime=Wed Jan 19 04:08:41 CST 2022, time=2022-01-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1185234, encodeId=0fa0118523476, content=学习了~~, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3b5d3045764, createdName=729787690, createdTime=Mon Jan 17 16:41:12 CST 2022, time=2022-01-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1185212, encodeId=3493118521297, content=学到了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220406/3b7a0097d1734882a9d49e4ae21b3eac/d2335d2d39cd4ee0b008a7edef49050b.jpg, createdBy=86032306225, createdName=sylphe, createdTime=Mon Jan 17 15:28:03 CST 2022, time=2022-01-17, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1219599, encodeId=f6a9121959928, content=学习了。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=39f83008767, createdName=30808412, createdTime=Sat May 14 15:45:18 CST 2022, time=2022-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1208557, encodeId=a394120855e74, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c04a48e438b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#干燥综合征#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=101, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=48743, encryptionId=c04a48e438b, topicName=干燥综合征)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=医者仁者, createdTime=Mon Apr 04 16:03:18 CST 2022, time=2022-04-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1847020, encodeId=ed74184e02070, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d3a33e0306d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#原发性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=37030, encryptionId=d3a33e0306d, topicName=原发性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8e4c53, createdName=jiyangfei, createdTime=Sun Dec 18 20:08:41 CST 2022, time=2022-12-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1432236, encodeId=69d5143223635, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f9b9e9124a8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#综合征#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=79124, encryptionId=f9b9e9124a8, topicName=综合征)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/aLGWoFXAyMbIu3qymFOyheQLjPSX3OUs5GmkyBlcCOwTPIeq3why9NGibxxUqYo6hcx8qZLHZFgNPnBK1yzWeOFpyg2OnWOt0/0, createdBy=fa4716, createdName=zhouqu_8, createdTime=Wed Jan 19 04:08:41 CST 2022, time=2022-01-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1531079, encodeId=856a15310e969, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=06413e05695' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#原发性干燥综合征#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=37056, encryptionId=06413e05695, topicName=原发性干燥综合征)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=2aa512204505, createdName=dinorsor528, createdTime=Wed Jan 19 04:08:41 CST 2022, time=2022-01-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1185234, encodeId=0fa0118523476, content=学习了~~, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3b5d3045764, createdName=729787690, createdTime=Mon Jan 17 16:41:12 CST 2022, time=2022-01-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1185212, encodeId=3493118521297, content=学到了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220406/3b7a0097d1734882a9d49e4ae21b3eac/d2335d2d39cd4ee0b008a7edef49050b.jpg, createdBy=86032306225, createdName=sylphe, createdTime=Mon Jan 17 15:28:03 CST 2022, time=2022-01-17, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-01-17 729787690

    学习了~~

    0

  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1219599, encodeId=f6a9121959928, content=学习了。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=39f83008767, createdName=30808412, createdTime=Sat May 14 15:45:18 CST 2022, time=2022-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1208557, encodeId=a394120855e74, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c04a48e438b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#干燥综合征#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=101, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=48743, encryptionId=c04a48e438b, topicName=干燥综合征)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=医者仁者, createdTime=Mon Apr 04 16:03:18 CST 2022, time=2022-04-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1847020, encodeId=ed74184e02070, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d3a33e0306d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#原发性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=37030, encryptionId=d3a33e0306d, topicName=原发性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8e4c53, createdName=jiyangfei, createdTime=Sun Dec 18 20:08:41 CST 2022, time=2022-12-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1432236, encodeId=69d5143223635, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f9b9e9124a8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#综合征#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=79124, encryptionId=f9b9e9124a8, topicName=综合征)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/aLGWoFXAyMbIu3qymFOyheQLjPSX3OUs5GmkyBlcCOwTPIeq3why9NGibxxUqYo6hcx8qZLHZFgNPnBK1yzWeOFpyg2OnWOt0/0, createdBy=fa4716, createdName=zhouqu_8, createdTime=Wed Jan 19 04:08:41 CST 2022, time=2022-01-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1531079, encodeId=856a15310e969, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=06413e05695' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#原发性干燥综合征#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=37056, encryptionId=06413e05695, topicName=原发性干燥综合征)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=2aa512204505, createdName=dinorsor528, createdTime=Wed Jan 19 04:08:41 CST 2022, time=2022-01-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1185234, encodeId=0fa0118523476, content=学习了~~, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3b5d3045764, createdName=729787690, createdTime=Mon Jan 17 16:41:12 CST 2022, time=2022-01-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1185212, encodeId=3493118521297, content=学到了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220406/3b7a0097d1734882a9d49e4ae21b3eac/d2335d2d39cd4ee0b008a7edef49050b.jpg, createdBy=86032306225, createdName=sylphe, createdTime=Mon Jan 17 15:28:03 CST 2022, time=2022-01-17, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-01-17 sylphe

    学到了

    0

相关资讯

Biomaterials:角质形成细胞膜介导的溶解微针纳米给药系统在皮肤病靶向治疗中的应用

银屑病是一种角质形成细胞异常增殖的慢性炎症性皮肤病。目前的工作证明了hCM的同源靶向作用并成功开发了活性表皮靶向递送系统,从而为局部治疗提供了新策略。

打靶归来-胜利在望 记肺癌之靶向治疗

原发性肺癌(以下简称肺癌)是全球也是我国最常见的恶性肿瘤之一。随着吸烟和环境污染的增加,肺癌的发病率明显增加,是人们谈之色变的恶性肿瘤。

Clin Cancer Res:晚期肾细胞癌免疫+靶向治疗后的无治疗生存期

采用纳武单抗联合伊匹单抗治疗的晚期肾细胞癌患者的无额外治疗下的生存时间明显更长

Oncogene:只会助眠褪黑素?它能增强奈拉替尼对乳腺癌的治疗效果!

褪黑素通过促进HER2的内吞作用和溶酶体降解,增强Neratinib在HER2+乳腺癌中的细胞毒性作用

ESMO Open:接or不接?对于抗癌治疗患者,BNT162b2 COVID-19疫苗效果如何?

抗肿瘤治疗患者对BNT162b2新冠mRNA疫苗的体液免疫反应降低,尤其是接受化疗或利妥昔单抗的患者。

BREAST CANCER RES TR:低风险早期乳腺癌,术后能不化疗吗?

BREAST CANCER RES TR:1期pT1N0 HER2阳性乳腺癌伴或不伴化疗的曲妥珠单抗辅助治疗:一项国家癌症数据库分析。

Baidu
map
Baidu
map
Baidu
map