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致心律失常性右室心肌病/发育不良治疗国际共识

2015-08-04 大鹏 译 医学论坛网

《欧洲心脏杂志》近期发表了有关致心律失常性右室心肌病/发育不良(ARVC/D)的治疗国际专家组共识声明书,小编编译并汇总了该声明书要点,详情如下。 推荐建议 推荐等级 一、           电生理研究 1.在接诊疑似ARVC/D的患者时,无论是疾病

《欧洲心脏杂志》近期发表了有关致心律失常右室心肌病/发育不良(ARVC/D)的治疗国际专家组共识声明书,小编编译并汇总了该声明书要点,详情如下。

推荐建议

推荐等级

一、           电生理研究

1.在接诊疑似ARVC/D的患者时,无论是疾病确诊还是病情评估,均应考虑电生理研究(EPS)。

Ⅱa

2.在为无症状ARVC/D患者进行心律失常风险分层时,临床医生可考虑采用程序性心室刺激(Programmed ventricular stimulation)。

Ⅱb

3.在诊断ARVC/D患者或为其进行预后评估时,临床医生可考虑采用心内膜电压映射图(Endocardial voltage mapping)。

Ⅱb

二、生活方式干预

1.推荐已确诊ARVC/D的患者尽量避免竞技运动及耐久运动。

2.除了低强度休闲型运动,已确诊ARVC/D的患者避免参与任何田径运动。

Ⅱa

3.对于存在ARVC/D家族史而阴性表型的患者,可考虑限制其竞技运动强度;此类患者可能为健康的基因携带者(推荐等级Ⅱa),也可能为未知基因型。

Ⅱb

三、抗心律失常药物治疗

1.若ARVC/D患者在治疗中存在电生理相关设备频繁充放电现象,推荐采用抗心律失常药物作为置入型心律转复除颤器(ICD)的辅助治疗。

2.对于存在频繁室性早搏且/或非持续性室性心动过速的患者,可考虑采用抗心律失常药物治疗改善患者症状。

Ⅱb

3.若ARVC/D患者接受射频消融治疗而无后续ICD治疗,且患者存在复发血流动力学相关的室性心动过速,可考虑采用抗心律失常药物作为置入型心律转复除颤器(ICD)的辅助治疗。

Ⅱa

4.对于无室性心律失常病史且基因型健康的无症状ARVC/D患者,不推荐使用抗心律失常药物治疗。

四、β受体阻滞剂

1.以下几类ARVC/D患者推荐接受β受体阻滞剂治疗:复发型室性心动过速、接受适当的ICD治疗、因ICD治疗不当而出现的窦性心搏过速、室上性心动过速或伴高心室率的房颤/房扑等。

2.无论是否存在心律失常,所有ARVC/D患者都可考虑接受β受体阻滞剂治疗。

Ⅱa

3.不推荐给予健康基因型携带者预防性β受体阻滞剂治疗。

五、心衰

1.对于已出现左/右心室衰竭的ARVC/D患者,推荐采用的标准治疗方案包括ACEI药物、ARB药物、β受体阻滞剂及利尿剂。

2.对于存在冠脉血栓病史或静脉/全身血栓栓塞事件史的患者,推荐长期口服抗凝治疗作为其二级预防策略。

3.对于存在左/右心室衰竭但无症状的ARVC/D患者,可考虑ACEI药物治疗或ARB药物治疗。

Ⅱb

4.不推荐基于心衰扩张/衰竭而将预防性抗凝治疗(包括全身抗凝或局部抗凝)作为血栓栓塞初级预防策略。

六、导管消融治疗

1.若ARVC/D患者存在持续性室上性心动过速,或尽管接受了最大剂量药物治疗(包括胺碘酮)仍需频繁ICD适度治疗控制持续性室上性心动过速,推荐导管消融治疗室上性心动过速。

2.若患者室上性心动过速心内膜导管消融存在至少一次失败史,推荐采用心尖径路导管消融。

3.若ARVC/D患者存在持续性室上性心动过速,或药物治疗失败(不包括胺碘酮)需频繁ICD适度治疗控制持续性室上性心动过速,应考虑导管消融治疗室上性心动过速。

Ⅱa

4.若接诊单位有丰富的ARVC/D患者心尖径路导管消融治疗经验,可考虑联合心尖径路与心内膜导管消融作为室上性心动过速初始治疗。

Ⅱa

5.若ARVC/D患者存在持续性室上性心动过速,或患者不希望接受药物治疗,需频繁ICD适度治疗控制持续性室上性心动过速,可考虑导管消融治疗室上性心动过速。

Ⅱb

6.若患者无后续ICD治疗,且存在药物难治性、血流动力学稳定的单一形态室性心动过速,可考虑将导管消融作为首选治疗方案。

Ⅱb

7.不推荐将导管消融作为预防ARVC/D患者心脏骤停猝死的ICD替代治疗方案。

七、置入型心律转复除颤器

1.若ARVC/D患者存在1年以上的血流不稳定性持续室上性心动过速或室速病史,推荐ICD治疗。

2.若ARVC/D患者存在严重左室且/或右室收缩功能不良,无论患者是否存在心律失常,推荐ICD治疗。

3.若ARVC/D患者存在1年以上的血流稳定性持续室上性心动过速,应考虑ICD治疗。

Ⅱa

4.若患者存在以下主要风险因素,应考虑ICD治疗,包括原因不明的晕厥、中度心室功能障碍、非持续性室上性心动过速。

Ⅱa

5.若患者仅存在次要风险因素,经过谨慎长期治疗利弊权衡后,或可考虑ICD治疗。

Ⅱb

6.对于无风险因素或基因型健康的无症状ARVC/D患者,不推荐采用预防性ICD治疗。

原文出处:

Domenico Corrado1*, ThomasWichter2, Mark S. Link3, Richard Hauer4.et.al.Treatment of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy/dysplasia: an international task force consensus statement.Europin Heart.Journal.July 2015

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    2015-08-05 neurowu
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