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2018“搞笑诺贝尔奖”揭晓!坐过山车排结石、口水是清洁剂、邮票测丁丁健康……10大脑洞研究

2018-09-16 风铃 生物探索

“看似在搞笑,实则在改变世界”——作为正经严肃的诺贝尔奖的诙谐版,“搞笑诺贝尔奖”自1991年开始就已经上线,成为哈佛大学每年的传统。2018年,10大奖项已全面揭晓:坐过山车排肾结石、邮票测勃起与否、口水是高效免费的清洁剂……


图片来源:搞笑诺贝尔奖官网

搞笑诺贝尔奖是美国哈佛大学的一份刊物《不可思议研究年报》设立的奖项,作为诺比尔奖的姐妹奖,这一奖项往往颁给那些 “披着搞笑外衣却又引人深思”的研究。过去20多年里,这一特殊的大奖挖掘了很多网红级别的科研项目。

当地时间2018年9月13日晚,哈佛大学举办了“2018年搞笑诺贝尔奖”庆典晚会,将荣誉授予既有科学价值又让人欢笑的10大研究。2018年的主题是“心”(the heart),大部分获奖及项目都围绕着不那么光鲜和迷人的人体解剖学。

搞笑诺贝尔医学奖

今年的搞笑诺贝尔医学奖颁给了两位医生David Wartinger和Marc Mitchell,他们的研究课题是“坐过山车是否有助于排出肾结石”。


图片来源:搞笑诺贝尔奖官网

据悉,两位科学家利用3D技术构建了肾脏模型,并在华特迪士尼世界的过山车上进行了相关试验。他们发现,坐在后排成功排出肾结石的概率为64%,而坐在前面的成功概率仅为17%。相关研究成果于2016年发表在《The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association》期刊。

搞笑诺贝尔生殖医学奖


图片来源:搞笑诺贝尔奖官网

今年的搞笑诺贝尔生殖医学奖获得者是3位泌尿科医师——来自美国、日本和埃及的科学家 John Barry,Bruce Blank 和 Michel Boileau,以表彰他们40年前研发的测量夜间勃起的技术,以此测试男性生殖器的健康。

他们设计了一个“邮票环”——将邮票绕成环(一列未撕开的邮票)套在男生的生殖器上,早上可以通过检查邮票环是否破损知道夜间是否勃起过。这一方法的准确率近100%,相关成果于1980年发表在《Urology》期刊。


图片来源:搞笑诺贝尔奖官网

搞笑诺贝尔医学教育

日本肠病学家Akira Horiuchi获得了2018搞笑诺贝尔医学教育奖,以表彰其拿自己做实验,用于比较坐姿和卧姿两种姿势在做肠镜检查时哪一种更舒适。他认为,坐姿下检查只有轻微的不适感。


图片来源:搞笑诺贝尔奖官网

其他奖项

搞笑诺贝尔文学奖:证明大多数人使用复杂的产品并不会阅读说明书;

搞笑诺贝尔和平奖:发现多数司机认为开车时开骂、诅咒人的行为无害,而且保持愉悦的心情开车会比愤怒更安全;

搞笑诺贝尔化学奖:证实唾液可以是一种高效、环保和免费的清洁剂;

搞笑诺贝尔经济学奖:证实使用虚拟巫毒娃娃对自己残暴的老板进行“报复”,可以提高员工的斗志和工作效率;

搞笑诺贝尔人类学奖:证实动物园中黑猩猩模仿人类的频率、能力,与人类模仿黑猩猩相仿;

搞笑诺贝尔生物学奖:品酒师可以依靠鼻子闻出酒中的苍蝇;

搞笑诺贝尔营养学奖:发现人肉比其他动物肉含有的卡路里要低。


图片来源:搞笑诺贝尔奖官网

按照传统,每位获奖者都将获得精心设计(随意加工)的手工奖杯——小心心,还可以领取10万亿津巴布韦币的“巨额”奖金(只有几美分)。晚会现场,获奖者可以在台上发表获奖感言,但是只有60秒时间(一旦超时,台下负责提醒的8岁女孩会大喊:请停止,好无聊!)

虽然颁奖典礼“寒酸简陋”,但是颁奖嘉宾却阵容豪华——由真正的诺贝尔奖得主参与,2018年的颁奖嘉宾包括2007 年诺贝尔经济学奖获得者 Eric Maskin、2001 年诺贝尔物理学奖获得者Wolfgang Ketterle、2016 年诺贝尔经济学奖获得者Oliver hart、2017 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖获得者Michael Rosbash、2005 年物理学奖获得者Roy Glauber、1990 年诺贝尔物理学奖获得者 Jerome Friedman以及 2008 年诺贝尔化学奖获得者 Marty Chalfie。

此外,晚会现场全球首映了“The Broken Heart Opera”歌剧,讲述一群孩子们试图创造一个机械心脏,然后弄碎它,配乐是Bee Gees乐队1971年的歌曲《如何修补一颗破碎的心》(How Can You Mend a Broken Heart)。

原始出处:

[1] Marc A. Mitchell, David D. Wartinger. et.al. Validation of a Functional Pyelocalyceal Renal Model for the Evaluation of Renal Calculi Passage While Riding a Roller Coaster. The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association, October 2016, Vol. 116, 647-652. doi:10.7556/jaoa.2016.128

[2] John M. Barry, Bruce Blank, Michael Boileau. Nocturnal penile tumescence monitoring with stamps. Urology  February 1980Volume 15, Issue 2, Pages 171–172

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    2018-09-18 hb2013ye
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    2018-09-18 hb2013ye
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    2018-09-16 lietome24

    认真学习,不断进步,把经验分享给同好。点赞了!

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