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!Nature:冷冻电镜解析痴呆蛋白高清结构

2017-07-11 Flora 生物探索

7月5日,来自于世界顶尖研究学府MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology(LMB)的科学家们在《Nature》在线发表最新研究成果:他们使用冷冻电镜(cryo-EM)获得关于Tau蛋白的高分辨率蛋白结构。这是科学界第一份针对阿尔兹海默症致病蛋白的原子模型,为抗老年痴呆药物的研发打开了新的曙光。



7月5日,来自于世界顶尖研究学府MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology(LMB)的科学家们在《Nature》在线发表最新研究成果:他们使用冷冻电镜(cryo-EM)获得关于Tau蛋白的高分辨率蛋白结构。这是科学界第一份针对阿尔兹海默症致病蛋白的原子模型,为抗老年痴呆药物的研发打开了新的曙光。

1.Tau蛋白

约30年前,LMB的科学家们首次证实:Tau蛋白是导致包括阿尔兹海默症在内的神经类衰退疾病的一个关键因素。Tau蛋白功能紊乱会引发神经衰退和痴呆,但是对于其蛋白结构却一直未有进展。

Tau蛋白与β-淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)是阿尔兹海默症公认的两个主要致病蛋白。其中,Aβ过度累积会造成老年斑,而Tau蛋白过度磷酸化会导致神经元纤维缠结,最终导致神经元变性死亡。从结构上讲,神经元纤维缠结由螺旋状和直线型Tau蛋白细丝构成。

Tau蛋白与患者认知能力丧失有较强的相关性,它会在神经细胞内形成两种细丝结构——螺旋状和直线型,共同组成神经元纤维缠结。重要的是,Tau蛋白细丝也是造成其他神经类疾病的关键因素。

2.冷冻电镜解析Tau蛋白


Tau蛋白细丝结构(图片来源:LMB官网)

研究团队从一位因为阿尔兹海默症而去世的患者大脑中提取Tau蛋白细丝,利用冷冻电镜获得Tau细丝的结构,分辨率达到3.4–3.5Å。他们开发了一款新软件,能够精细计算细丝的组成构建,绘制出其中的原子排列模式。

这一研究实现了致病蛋白的可视化,其亮点在于明确了对细丝形成起着关键作用的的Tau蛋白区域,从而为研发阻止细丝形成的药物提供了重要线索。

Michel Goedert强调:“我们对Tau的研究已有30年之久,1998年,Tau蛋白功能紊乱被证实会引发神经衰退和痴呆。2009年,Tau蛋白被发现具有类似于朊病毒的组装特征。”

MRC首席科学官Rob Buckle博士表示:“这一开创性工作为阿尔兹海默症的研究带来很大的推动,知道这类蛋白的晶体结构有助于药物研发。”

原始出处:

Anthony W. P. Fitzpatrick, Benjamin Falcon, Shaoda He, et al. Cryo-EM structures of tau filaments from Alzheimer’s disease.Nature(2017).

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    2017-08-17 hongbochen
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    2017-12-23 liye789132251
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    2017-07-11 1e0f8808m18(暂无匿称)

    揭示老年疾呆之迷,学习了。

    0

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