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BMJ:摔一跤膝关节又出了啥事?-案例报道

2017-01-13 xing.T MedSci原创

膝关节脱位最常见的原因是高能量损伤,但涉及肥胖患者超低速损伤病例也有被描述过。膝关节脱位常自发性减少,并且随后的X光片可以显示正常。虽然膝关节会疼痛和肿胀,由于关节囊损伤和渗出液,关节积液可能也不存在。因此,这些伤害可能会错过或低估。

患者为27岁男性,因台阶绊倒并扭伤了左膝。他即刻感到膝关节剧烈疼痛,无法负重。

检查时,他的膝盖肿胀,活动受限伴有疼痛。该患者没有明显的神经血管异常。进行了左膝关节X线平片检查,结果如下(如图1)。诊断是什么?


图1

答案


膝关节脱位(胫股关节)。

讨论

X线片显示胫骨和股骨关节面之间对合受损。相对于股骨,胫骨向后外侧移位(后外侧旋转膝关节脱位)。可见继发于后交叉韧带胫骨附着点撕脱的骨片(如图2,箭头所示)。


图2 继发于后交叉韧带胫骨附着点撕脱的骨片(箭头)

膝关节脱位是一种罕见但严重的损伤,由于严重的发病风险,被认为是骨科急症。它往往有多韧带损伤及血管神经并发症,主要为腓总神经、腘动脉。

膝关节脱位最常见的原因是高能量损伤,但涉及肥胖患者超低速损伤病例也有被描述过。膝关节脱位常自发性减少,并且随后的X光片可以显示正常。虽然膝关节会疼痛和肿胀,由于关节囊损伤和渗出液,关节积液可能也不存在。因此,这些伤害可能会错过或低估。

原始出处:

Sheena Seewoonarain, et al. A painful swollen knee after a fall. BMJ.12 January 2017.

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  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1848213, encodeId=0b59184821380, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2977356edc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#BMJ#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3567, encryptionId=2977356edc, topicName=BMJ)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=148754, createdName=gaoxiaoe, createdTime=Fri Jun 02 09:03:00 CST 2017, time=2017-06-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=170076, encodeId=56af1e0076a9, content=学习了分享谢谢, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6b0d1671629, createdName=1de11f7fm56(暂无匿称), createdTime=Fri Jan 13 13:13:27 CST 2017, time=2017-01-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=170055, encodeId=ccba1e0055b4, content=膝关节脱位是一种罕见但严重的损伤,由于严重的发病风险,被认为是骨科急症。它往往有多韧带损伤及血管神经并发症,主要为腓总神经、腘动脉。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20151226/IMG567EB873985DE3928.jpg, createdBy=ea941622301, createdName=inter158, createdTime=Fri Jan 13 12:51:26 CST 2017, time=2017-01-13, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-06-02 gaoxiaoe
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1848213, encodeId=0b59184821380, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2977356edc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#BMJ#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3567, encryptionId=2977356edc, topicName=BMJ)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=148754, createdName=gaoxiaoe, createdTime=Fri Jun 02 09:03:00 CST 2017, time=2017-06-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=170076, encodeId=56af1e0076a9, content=学习了分享谢谢, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6b0d1671629, createdName=1de11f7fm56(暂无匿称), createdTime=Fri Jan 13 13:13:27 CST 2017, time=2017-01-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=170055, encodeId=ccba1e0055b4, content=膝关节脱位是一种罕见但严重的损伤,由于严重的发病风险,被认为是骨科急症。它往往有多韧带损伤及血管神经并发症,主要为腓总神经、腘动脉。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20151226/IMG567EB873985DE3928.jpg, createdBy=ea941622301, createdName=inter158, createdTime=Fri Jan 13 12:51:26 CST 2017, time=2017-01-13, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-01-13 1de11f7fm56(暂无匿称)

    学习了分享谢谢

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1848213, encodeId=0b59184821380, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2977356edc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#BMJ#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3567, encryptionId=2977356edc, topicName=BMJ)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=148754, createdName=gaoxiaoe, createdTime=Fri Jun 02 09:03:00 CST 2017, time=2017-06-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=170076, encodeId=56af1e0076a9, content=学习了分享谢谢, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6b0d1671629, createdName=1de11f7fm56(暂无匿称), createdTime=Fri Jan 13 13:13:27 CST 2017, time=2017-01-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=170055, encodeId=ccba1e0055b4, content=膝关节脱位是一种罕见但严重的损伤,由于严重的发病风险,被认为是骨科急症。它往往有多韧带损伤及血管神经并发症,主要为腓总神经、腘动脉。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20151226/IMG567EB873985DE3928.jpg, createdBy=ea941622301, createdName=inter158, createdTime=Fri Jan 13 12:51:26 CST 2017, time=2017-01-13, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-01-13 inter158

    膝关节脱位是一种罕见但严重的损伤,由于严重的发病风险,被认为是骨科急症。它往往有多韧带损伤及血管神经并发症,主要为腓总神经、腘动脉。

    0

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