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尿毒症患者维持性血液透析期间并发单侧股四头肌腱断裂二例

2019-01-07 朱东平 卢明峰 邓铭聪 中国骨与关节杂志

临床上维持血液透析合并股四头肌腱断裂较罕见,多发生在伴有慢性多系统疾病以及代谢紊乱的中老年患者。我院于2015年5月至2017年7月,收治2例“慢性肾脏病5期(维持性血液透析)”的患者,在外伤作用下发生股四头肌腱断裂。现报告如下。

临床上维持血液透析合并股四头肌腱断裂较罕见,多发生在伴有慢性多系统疾病以及代谢紊乱的中老年患者。我院于2015年5月至2017年7月,收治2例“慢性肾脏病5期(维持性血液透析)”的患者,在外伤作用下发生股四头肌腱断裂。现报告如下。

临床资料

例1 患者,男,62岁,因“维持性血透8年余,左膝关节肿痛2天”入我院肾内科。患者不慎摔倒,左膝关节肿痛明显,肤色暗红,可见大片瘀斑,肤温尚不高,活动受限。患者于2009年1月,在我院行左上肢动静脉瘘成形术,并行规律性血液透析治疗至今,每周3次,同时给予降压、纠正贫血、营养支持等治疗。体格检查:左侧膝关节肿胀变形,髌骨上缘股四头肌处空虚感,压痛明显,患者左膝伸直受限,压痛(+),叩痛(+),浮髌试验(+),“4”字试验不能配合。影像学检查:术前膝关节X线侧位片:髌骨位置前倾(图1);MRI:左侧股四头肌肌腱断裂,断裂肌腱周围、髌上囊血肿(图2)。



按肾内科方案治疗肾功能衰竭,每周1、3、5血透。完善相关检查,排除手术禁忌证后,于2017年7月16日,在腰硬联合麻醉下行“左股四头肌肌腱探查缝合术”。术中可见,股四头肌腱髌骨上缘连接处完全断裂,肌腱脂肪化变性,用刮勺刮除髌骨上缘部分皮质,用爱克曼线Bunnell缝合肌腱近端:先后于髌骨中、内、外侧纵形穿入有孔克氏针4孔,针孔穿入爱克曼线,与股四头肌腱缝台,伸直膝关节,收紧爱克曼线,打结,修补之;检查固定牢固,冲洗伤口,放入引流管引流,逐层缝合:伤口加压包扎,术毕用大腿管型石膏固定于伸直位置。术程顺利。术后3周,在我院康复科进行左下肢功能锻炼,患肢于CPM关节康复器上功能锻炼,逐渐增加膝关节的屈曲幅度,并辅以针灸、推拿等理疗。术后3个月于外院行X线复查显示髌骨位置良好,未见骨质异常,患者可脱离拐杖行走。术后6个月,患者可正常行走,上下楼梯稍受限,左膝关节伸屈活动度0°~110°,双侧股四头肌肌力均为5级。

例2 患者,男,49岁,因“维持血液透析9年,跌倒后右膝肿痛1天”入我院肾内科。患者外出散步时不慎跌倒,右膝着地后当即感膝部疼痛,伴有功能障碍,难以独自站立。患者自2001年8月诊断为“慢性肾小球肾炎”。于2006年1月开始于外院血液透析治疗并行左上肢动静脉内瘘成形术,内瘘成熟后转至我院血透科行规律血液透析治疗,现每周透析3次。体格检查:右膝关节肿胀明显,关节屈曲受限,伸直无力,髌骨上缘空虚感,压痛(+),叩痛(+),浮髌试验(±),“4”字试验不能配合。影像学检查:术前膝关节正侧位X线片(图3):右膝周围软组织轻度肿胀,髌上团块状软组织影,建议进一步MRI检查。膝关节MRI(图4):右侧股四头肌肌腱髌骨附着处断裂,并周围血肿形成;右膝关节少量积液。患者入院后定期血液透析,排除手术禁忌后于2015年5月18日在腰硬联合麻醉下行“右股四头肌腱断裂缝合术”。术中可见股四头肌腱于髌骨止点完全撕脱,双侧髌骨支持带不同程度撕脱,反复冲洗关节腔,去除血块,将股四头肌腱伤口、髌骨上表面新鲜化,用3根Arthrex线按四头肌腱内侧、中间、外侧编织,通过髌骨骨隧道,将肌腱断端固定在髌骨断面,编织线在髌骨远端打结。检查可见股四头肌腱短端与髌骨结合牢固。缝线修补内外侧支持带。冲洗伤口,逐层缝合,术毕石膏托伸直位固定。术后3天予复查X线(图5),术后4周拆除石膏托,在我院康复科进行右下肢功能锻炼,逐渐增加膝关节屈曲幅度。术后6个月,患者可正常行走及上下楼梯,右膝关节伸屈活动度0°~120°,双侧股四头肌肌力均为5级。

讨论

股四头肌腱断裂的原因   从创伤学的角度看,股四头肌腱断裂属于伸膝装置的损伤,而它常在膝关节突然屈曲时,由股四头肌突然收缩造成,此时髌骨恰是整个伸膝装置在股骨髁上的支点。因此,伸膝装置的损伤以髌骨骨折为多,而股四头肌腱与髌腱的断裂则相对罕见。当股四头肌腱断裂出现时,除强大的暴力直接作用于伸膝装置外,还有很重要的内在因素就是造成肌腱退行性病变的全身性疾患,它包括了尿毒症、甲状旁腺机能亢进、长期使用类固醇激素、肥胖症、糖尿病、痛风、自身免疫性疾病和部分代谢异常疾病。而此类断裂常发生于股四头肌腱髌骨附丽处,可能是因为反复血液透析导致继发性甲状旁腺机能亢进、活性维生素D缺乏、代谢性酸中毒,造成IV型胶原蛋白异常,引起肌腱弹性组织变性发生慢性损伤,以及慢性炎性细胞浸润,组织强度降低,肌腱附着点骨质脆性增大,从而在轻微力量下即发生断裂;而从微观病理学的角度看,有学者认为,长期肾透析患者发生肌腱断裂的病原学理论有三个:(1)β2-微球蛋白产生了淀粉样变;(2)弹性蛋白由于慢性酸中毒沉积在肌腱内,肌腱因此而退化,诱发了肌腱断裂的产生;(3)继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进不仅可造成骨腱结合处骨破坏增加,也造成了此处骨吸收加快,两者进而导致骨腱结合处的机械强度降低。本组2例均为有外伤史的中老年男性,且都有长达8年的维持性血液透析史,长期的血液透析及年龄因素使肌腱产生退化,再加上外来暴力的作用,诱发了股四头肌腱断裂的产生。

股四头肌腱断裂的诊断   结合外伤史,临床表现常有急性疼痛,局部肿胀,以及典型的伸膝障碍、髌上压痛、髌上囊积血以及股四头肌腱不连续而出现空虚。若行X线检查显示髌骨上断裂阴影,或髌骨上极骨密度改变,髌骨外翻等移位,应及时行膝关节MRI检查,以进一步明确诊断。四头肌腱断裂本身比较罕见,加上长期的尿毒症患者可能产生肌肉力下降、对疼痛耐受能力增强等现象。掩盖了该病损的表现,可能会误导临床医师而对股四头肌腱断裂产生漏诊。尿毒症是全身性疾病,长期血液透析导致包括肌腱在内的人体组织产生变性或退变。因此,股四头肌腱断裂等病损可能发生在患尿毒症等全身性疾病的患者身上,骨科医生要对此类外伤提高警惕。体格检查应细致,辅助检查要及时。对于有膝部疼痛的尿毒症患者,应全面系统地询问病史,行仔细的体格检查。多数情况下,股四头肌腱断裂的症状、体征都较典型,专科医生通过体格检查不难确诊,难以诊断时再结合膝关节X线片、超声、MRI等辅助检查。

股四头肌腱断裂的治疗   股四头肌腱断裂治疗的以手术为主。关键在于促进其愈合,而影响这一过程的主要因素有:病程长短、手术方法的选择、患者年龄、身体状况及合并症等。Meester等认为,早期(断裂时间≤2周内)手术治疗可获得更好的治疗效果,原因可能为早期手术局部血供相对较好且肌腱无挛缩有关。股四头肌腱断裂修复手术方法的选择较多,主要根据为肌腱断裂位置和肌腱回缩程度,手术方案可归纳为两种:(1)腱对骨的缝合;(2)腱对腱的缝合。而传统的重建方式包括:单纯缝合或联合钢丝加强和髌骨钻孔缝合技术等。贺良等认为,1区(断端距髌骨上缘1CM以内)断裂通常采用髌骨钻孔缝合;2、3区(2区:断端距髌骨上缘1~2CM;3区:断端距髌骨上缘>2CM)则通常采用断端直接缝合法;万少华等则认为,Bunnell钢丝抽出缝合法缝合能有效对抗股四头肌收缩力,减少缝合部的张力,有利于断端愈合,可早期进行功能锻炼,同时免除取出内固定的二次手术。这对老年患者手术修补尤为重要,因为膝若不稳、无力、容易摔倒而导致更为严重的损伤。

本组例1于股四头肌腱髌骨上缘连接处完全断裂,肌腱脂肪化变性,用刮勺刮除髌骨上缘部分皮质后采用Bunnell抽出钢丝缝合法进行股四头肌腱的重建。如果肌腱产生脂肪化等变性范围大,且断端间隙超过2CM,则须行肌腱延长术或用阔筋膜修补。而例2的股四头肌腱于髌骨止点完全撕脱,且双侧髌骨支持带不同程度撕脱,则采用髌骨钻孔缝合对股四头肌腱断裂进行修复。

随着内固定材料及手术技术的发展,传统的重建方式因其创伤大、二次断裂风险较高及术后固定时间延长致膝关节功能恢复不良等缺点,逐渐被缝合桥技术、单排锚钉缝合、Endobutton钻孔悬吊等方法所替代。罗真等通过临床观察,发现缝合桥技术修复尿毒症股四头肌腱断裂创伤小、操作简便,术后外固定时间短,允许早期功能锻炼,避免了因固定时间过长导致的关节僵硬及股四头肌肌力下降等问题,可获得较好疗效。

术后康复

术后康复阶段,应在继续行规律的血液透析基础上,适当补充维生素D和钙剂,用时也应注意控制磷的摄入量;防止关节僵硬及肌肉萎缩时,功能肌力锻炼应循序渐进;另外,适当给患者行心理疏导对患者坚持漫长的恢复过程,积极对待康复具有重要意义;最后,坚持随访并督导患者完成康复训练以求最佳的康复效果。综上所述,尿毒症维持性血液透析并发单侧股四头肌腱断裂并不常见,其成因、诊断及康复仍值得重视。

原始出处:

朱东平;卢明峰;邓铭聪;曹学伟;.尿毒症患者维持性血液透析期间并发单侧股四头肌腱断裂二例报告[J].中国骨与关节杂志,2018,12:957-959

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  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1670531, encodeId=88c216e0531b7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7bc54e43473' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#尿毒症患者#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=47434, encryptionId=7bc54e43473, topicName=尿毒症患者)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=b24f26728715, createdName=chenwq17, createdTime=Wed Oct 23 12:47:00 CST 2019, time=2019-10-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1758067, encodeId=bd2f1e58067ee, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=84ba49031f9' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#并发#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=67, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=49031, encryptionId=84ba49031f9, topicName=并发)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=a27e37327108, createdName=丁鹏鹏, createdTime=Wed Sep 18 23:47:00 CST 2019, time=2019-09-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1808457, encodeId=3c95180845e7a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1a4681e6873' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#股四头肌#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=81, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=81768, encryptionId=1a4681e6873, topicName=股四头肌)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=9d17305, createdName=listen318, createdTime=Fri Apr 19 22:47:00 CST 2019, time=2019-04-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1262527, encodeId=5f9f126252e17, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a57589339a4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#血液透析#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=89339, encryptionId=a57589339a4, topicName=血液透析)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=19c567, createdName=habb, createdTime=Wed Jan 09 09:47:00 CST 2019, time=2019-01-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1290411, encodeId=edc4129041133, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=facb4e432e4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#尿毒症#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=47432, encryptionId=facb4e432e4, topicName=尿毒症)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=21015, createdName=heli0118, createdTime=Wed Jan 09 09:47:00 CST 2019, time=2019-01-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1512615, encodeId=b2a715126150e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b5cf81043ed' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肌腱#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=82, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=81043, encryptionId=b5cf81043ed, topicName=肌腱)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=4d6810483958, createdName=丁鹏鹏, createdTime=Wed Jan 09 09:47:00 CST 2019, time=2019-01-09, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2019-09-18 丁鹏鹏
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1670531, encodeId=88c216e0531b7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7bc54e43473' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#尿毒症患者#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=47434, encryptionId=7bc54e43473, topicName=尿毒症患者)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=b24f26728715, createdName=chenwq17, createdTime=Wed Oct 23 12:47:00 CST 2019, time=2019-10-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1758067, encodeId=bd2f1e58067ee, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=84ba49031f9' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#并发#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=67, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=49031, encryptionId=84ba49031f9, topicName=并发)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=a27e37327108, createdName=丁鹏鹏, createdTime=Wed Sep 18 23:47:00 CST 2019, time=2019-09-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1808457, encodeId=3c95180845e7a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1a4681e6873' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#股四头肌#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=81, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=81768, encryptionId=1a4681e6873, topicName=股四头肌)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=9d17305, createdName=listen318, createdTime=Fri Apr 19 22:47:00 CST 2019, time=2019-04-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1262527, encodeId=5f9f126252e17, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a57589339a4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#血液透析#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=89339, encryptionId=a57589339a4, topicName=血液透析)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=19c567, createdName=habb, createdTime=Wed Jan 09 09:47:00 CST 2019, time=2019-01-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1290411, encodeId=edc4129041133, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=facb4e432e4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#尿毒症#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=47432, encryptionId=facb4e432e4, topicName=尿毒症)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=21015, createdName=heli0118, createdTime=Wed Jan 09 09:47:00 CST 2019, time=2019-01-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1512615, encodeId=b2a715126150e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b5cf81043ed' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肌腱#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=82, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=81043, encryptionId=b5cf81043ed, topicName=肌腱)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=4d6810483958, createdName=丁鹏鹏, createdTime=Wed Jan 09 09:47:00 CST 2019, time=2019-01-09, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1670531, encodeId=88c216e0531b7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7bc54e43473' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#尿毒症患者#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=47434, encryptionId=7bc54e43473, topicName=尿毒症患者)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=b24f26728715, createdName=chenwq17, createdTime=Wed Oct 23 12:47:00 CST 2019, time=2019-10-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1758067, encodeId=bd2f1e58067ee, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=84ba49031f9' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#并发#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=67, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=49031, encryptionId=84ba49031f9, topicName=并发)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=a27e37327108, createdName=丁鹏鹏, createdTime=Wed Sep 18 23:47:00 CST 2019, time=2019-09-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1808457, encodeId=3c95180845e7a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1a4681e6873' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#股四头肌#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=81, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=81768, encryptionId=1a4681e6873, topicName=股四头肌)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=9d17305, createdName=listen318, createdTime=Fri Apr 19 22:47:00 CST 2019, time=2019-04-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1262527, encodeId=5f9f126252e17, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a57589339a4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#血液透析#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=89339, encryptionId=a57589339a4, topicName=血液透析)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=19c567, createdName=habb, createdTime=Wed Jan 09 09:47:00 CST 2019, time=2019-01-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1290411, encodeId=edc4129041133, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=facb4e432e4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#尿毒症#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=47432, encryptionId=facb4e432e4, topicName=尿毒症)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=21015, createdName=heli0118, createdTime=Wed Jan 09 09:47:00 CST 2019, time=2019-01-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1512615, encodeId=b2a715126150e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b5cf81043ed' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肌腱#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=82, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=81043, encryptionId=b5cf81043ed, topicName=肌腱)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=4d6810483958, createdName=丁鹏鹏, createdTime=Wed Jan 09 09:47:00 CST 2019, time=2019-01-09, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2019-01-09 habb
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  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1670531, encodeId=88c216e0531b7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7bc54e43473' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#尿毒症患者#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=47434, encryptionId=7bc54e43473, topicName=尿毒症患者)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=b24f26728715, createdName=chenwq17, createdTime=Wed Oct 23 12:47:00 CST 2019, time=2019-10-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1758067, encodeId=bd2f1e58067ee, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=84ba49031f9' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#并发#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=67, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=49031, encryptionId=84ba49031f9, topicName=并发)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=a27e37327108, createdName=丁鹏鹏, createdTime=Wed Sep 18 23:47:00 CST 2019, time=2019-09-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1808457, encodeId=3c95180845e7a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1a4681e6873' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#股四头肌#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=81, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=81768, encryptionId=1a4681e6873, topicName=股四头肌)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=9d17305, createdName=listen318, createdTime=Fri Apr 19 22:47:00 CST 2019, time=2019-04-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1262527, encodeId=5f9f126252e17, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a57589339a4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#血液透析#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=89339, encryptionId=a57589339a4, topicName=血液透析)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=19c567, createdName=habb, createdTime=Wed Jan 09 09:47:00 CST 2019, time=2019-01-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1290411, encodeId=edc4129041133, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=facb4e432e4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#尿毒症#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=47432, encryptionId=facb4e432e4, topicName=尿毒症)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=21015, createdName=heli0118, createdTime=Wed Jan 09 09:47:00 CST 2019, time=2019-01-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1512615, encodeId=b2a715126150e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b5cf81043ed' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肌腱#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=82, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=81043, encryptionId=b5cf81043ed, topicName=肌腱)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=4d6810483958, createdName=丁鹏鹏, createdTime=Wed Jan 09 09:47:00 CST 2019, time=2019-01-09, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2019-01-09 丁鹏鹏

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【1】Medicine:识别危险因素有助于预防尿毒症患者牙周炎的发生本研究旨在探究血液透析患者牙周病(PD)的特征及相关危险因素。研究人员回顾了2015年11月至2016年3月期间血液透析的尿毒症患者。患者分为PD组和非PD组。收集和分析人口统计学和实验室数据。研究共纳入136例尿毒症患者(79例男性,57例女性,年龄50.8±15.3岁)。 PD组患者的发病率随年龄增长而增加。血液透析患者,

“早期穿刺”人工血管,重新建立尿毒症患者血管通路

尿毒症是一个全球关注的公共卫生问题,目前上海每年就有2万名左右的患者在接受维持性血液透析治疗,良好的血管通路是保障充分血液透析的前提。由于种种原因,长期透析的患者往往会出现血管通路恶化的现象,而如今,仁济医院血管外科与肾脏内科用血透通路新技术——“早期穿刺”人工血管,重新建立尿毒症患者“生命线”。目前临床已经完成20例,效果良好。56岁的刘先生因慢性肾功能衰竭,已到终末期,内环境紊乱,消化道症状

都能减少尿毒症风险,普利和沙坦,应该优先选谁?

都能减少尿毒症风险,普利和沙坦,应该优先选谁?

Atherosclerosis:长期血液透析的尿毒症患者,血清总胆红素与死亡率的关系

研究表明,高水平的胆红素与长期血液透析的尿毒症患者的死亡率有关,仍然需要进一步研究非结合胆红素或结合胆红素对血液透析患者的不同作用。

27岁小伙子首次看病就查出尿毒症,难道尿毒症前没有症状吗?

有一天上午我就要下班时,一个27岁的小伙子过来说神经科的医生让他过来找我。原来他血压高,头晕,先看的神经科,做了一个脑CT没有发现问题,于是神经科医生推荐来看我的门诊。

Medicine:识别危险因素有助于预防尿毒症患者牙周炎的发生

本研究旨在探究血液透析患者牙周病(PD)的特征及相关危险因素。研究人员回顾了2015年11月至2016年3月期间血液透析的尿毒症患者。患者分为PD组和非PD组。收集和分析人口统计学和实验室数据。结果,研究共纳入136例尿毒症患者(79例男性,57例女性,年龄50.8±15.3岁)。 PD组患者的发病率随年龄增长而增加。血液透析患者,如果是男性、吸烟者或糖尿病患者,发展为PD的可能性最大(分别为P

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