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七米长绦虫自主排出肿瘤患者体外,医生疑其受不住化疗药威力

2017-12-22 陈斯斯 澎湃新闻

从病人粪便样本中取出的一段“牛带绦虫”。 上海瑞金医院检验科 供图七八米长,弯弯绕绕,像一根白色粗面条,一条绦虫自主排出患者体外。12月22日,记者从上海瑞金医院获悉,21日下午,该院检验科收到一名肿瘤患者的粪便样本,打开标本容器,却见到了一段鲜活的带绦虫。经医生观察发现,这类绦虫为“牛带绦虫”。“牛带绦虫”为何会在人体内?医生怀疑患者可能吃了生牛肉。绦虫自主排出体外,堆满一脸盆瑞金医院方面透露,

从病人粪便样本中取出的一段“牛带绦虫”。 上海瑞金医院检验科 供图

七八米长,弯弯绕绕,像一根白色粗面条,一条绦虫自主排出患者体外。

12月22日,记者从上海瑞金医院获悉,21日下午,该院检验科收到一名肿瘤患者的粪便样本,打开标本容器,却见到了一段鲜活的带绦虫。经医生观察发现,这类绦虫为“牛带绦虫”。

“牛带绦虫”为何会在人体内?医生怀疑患者可能吃了生牛肉。

绦虫自主排出体外,堆满一脸盆

瑞金医院方面透露,半个月前,一名肿瘤患者前来住院化疗,化疗第13天,开始腹痛难忍,医生一度怀疑是急性胰腺炎。

到了腹痛的第四日,一条长长的绦虫自主排出患者体外,堆满整整一脸盆,医生怀疑,绦虫经受不住化疗药的威力,选择“逃逸”。

目前患者腹痛症状已消除,继续化疗治疗。瑞金医院检验科副主任技师王剑飚告诉澎湃新闻记者,根据虫体标本的头节及孕节形态,初步判断患者为牛带绦虫感染

绦虫是一类比较常见的肠道寄生虫,以人为终宿主的绦虫主要有猪带绦虫、牛带绦虫、亚洲带绦虫、阔节裂头绦虫四类。

王剑飚表示,绦虫成虫寄生在人体肠道,一般为乳白色扁平带状,头端较细,向后渐扁阔,虫体由几百到几千节节片组成虫体链,形似刀削面,一般猪带绦虫可长到4米左右,牛带绦虫可长到8米左右,而阔节裂头绦虫更能长到10米,“这次从病人粪便中发现的牛带绦虫就长达七八米。”

致病性不大,疑为误食生牛肉引起

绦虫对人体危害多大?

“一般,寄生人体小肠的成虫仅为1条,多数感染者无明显症状,仅间或有腹部不适、饥饿感、消化不良、体重减轻等症状。”王剑飚表示,由于虫子的孕节片活动力较强,常自动从肛门溢出,多数患者都能自己发现排出的节片,偶可导致阑尾炎、肠腔阻塞等并发症。

王剑飚说,牛带绦虫、亚洲带绦虫、阔节裂头绦虫致病性不大,一般不引起特殊病理变化,但猪带绦虫则危害较大。

猪带绦虫除了成虫寄生,幼虫也能在人体内寄生,引起囊虫病,对人体危害远大于成虫,是中国重要寄生虫病之一。“幼虫寄生好发部位主要为皮下组织、肌肉、脑和眼,其次为心、舌、口腔,以及脑、肝、肺等重要内脏器官,可因寄生部位不同而导致不同的病变,如皮下及肌肉囊尾蚴病,脑囊尾蚴病,眼囊尾蚴病等。” 王剑飚说。

患者体内的牛带绦虫从哪儿来?

“人体内的绦虫感染,均由于误食被幼虫污染的肉类引起。”王剑飚举例说,猪带绦虫和亚洲带绦虫的幼虫寄生在猪体内;牛带绦虫的幼虫可以寄生在牛、羊、美洲驼、长颈鹿、羚羊等体内;阔节裂头绦虫的中间宿主则是鱼类,如三文鱼等。

他说,中国一般猪带、牛带及亚洲带绦虫感染在城市比较少见,多见于华北、东北以及西部地区,多见于农村,与当地习惯食用生肉密不可分。而阔节裂头绦虫则相反,城市感染有上升趋势,主要与人们喜食生鱼片、鱼卵等有关。

王剑飚指出,这次检验的样本为牛带绦虫的成虫,而绦虫从幼虫到成虫一般要经历3个月,他怀疑这与患者当地饮食习惯有关,可能吃了生牛肉。

“其实寄生虫感染就在我们日常的生活中,离我们并不远。”他说,比如生食蛙类就会有感染‘曼氏迭宫绦虫幼虫病’的可能性,2006年也曾爆发食用福寿螺,感染广州管圆线虫病的案例。

他建议尽量少吃生食,注意个人卫生,如果去寄生虫病多发区,应做好个人防护工作。

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    2017-12-24 zhang92567
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    2017-12-24 1ddbf960m17(暂无匿称)

    能不能作为个案报道发新英格兰杂志

    0

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    2017-12-23 137****9095

    henhao

    0

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