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盘点:2018年7月第3期BMJ研究精选

2018-07-17 zhangfan MedSci原创

BMJ

2018年7月第3期BMJ研究精选



【1】封面文章--如何诊断及监测成人非酒精性脂肪性肝病


病例信息如下:

一名52岁的电脑程序员,体检发现血清丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)浓度为68 IU/L,甘油三酯浓度为1.9 mmol/L,空腹血糖为5.8 mmol/l,其他肝、肾、血脂检查正常。饮酒量<7单位/周,临床检查不明显,体重指数为29 kg/m2,腰围102 cm,血压134/88 mm。经超声检查后诊断为非酒精性脂肪肝(NAFLD)

NAFLD是一种代谢性肝病,包括从非酒精性脂肪肝(NAFL)到脂肪性肝炎(NASH)、纤维化和肝硬化等一系列累进性病变。肝脏超声检查是诊断非酒精性脂肪肝(NAFLD)肝脂肪变性并排除其他肝脏病理一线方法。对于肝性脂肪变性患者可采用非侵入性纤维化标志物(如增强肝纤维化血液试验(ELF))和/或FixSCAN监测肝纤维化过程,预防肝纤维化是降低NAFLD患者整体和肝相关死亡风险的关键。

【2】根据高血压指南新定义,中美高血压负担将成倍增加


2017年,美国心脏病学院(ACC)/美国心脏协会(AHA)发布了新的高血压指南,将高血压定义和部分人群的降压目标从140/90 mmHg降至130/80 mmHg。近日研究人员就高血压新标准对高血压负担的影响进行了考察。

根据新标准美国45-75岁人口中63%为高血压人群(约7000万)而中国55%的45-75岁人群为高血压人群(约2.67亿),美中两国的高血压人口增加26.8%和45.1%。根据现行标准,美国约810万高血压人口未接受治疗,采用新标准后增加至1560万;而中国则由7450万增加至1.29亿。新标准中约有870万美国高血压以及5100万中国高血压患者无需接受降压治疗,相比于现行标准该数目分别为150万以及2340万。根据新标准,美国高血压患者中将有1390万人需接受强化降压治疗,而中国需接受高血压强化治疗的患者数将到达4000万。

【3】产前生化筛查与孕产妇心血管疾病长期危险研究


近日研究人员考察了产前生化筛查异常结果与产后心血管疾病风险之间的关系。

12-55岁,无心血管疾病史的产妇参与研究,接受血清总绒毛膜促性腺激素、雌三醇、妊娠相关血浆蛋白A、α-胎甲球蛋白和二聚体抑制素-A生化筛查。研究发现,所有指标异常,特别是二聚体抑制素-A,均增加产妇后续心血管事件风险。二聚体抑制素-A最高人群(95%以上)其心血管事件风险最大(每10000患者年8.3例vs3.8例)。与没有任何异常生化指标的产妇相比,1个指标异常产妇的后续心血管事件风险增加1.2-1.3倍,2个或以上指标异常产妇的心血管事件风险增加1.5-2.0倍。

【4】辅助生殖与女性肿瘤风险


近日英国研究人员就女性接受辅助生殖与卵巢、乳腺和子宫肿瘤风险之间的关系进行了考察。

参与者于1991-2010年间接受辅助生殖治疗,研究的主要终点为参与者卵巢癌乳腺癌和子宫癌诊断,计算标准化发病率(SIRS)。在8.8年的随访过程中,组间子宫肿瘤风险无显著差异(SIR 1.12)。组间所有乳腺癌(SIR 0.98)以及浸润性乳腺癌(SIR 0.96)发病率差异不显著,但辅助生殖人群原位乳腺癌(SIR 1.15)发病风险增加。辅助生殖人群卵巢癌风险增加(SIR 1.39),浸润性(SIR 1.40)及交界性(SIR 1.36)卵巢癌风险均增加。研究发现仅子宫内膜异位症患者接受辅助生殖治疗后卵巢肿瘤风险增加,而因男性因素或无法解释的不孕女性接受辅助生殖后,卵巢肿瘤风险无显著变化。

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    2019-03-01 gaoxiaoe
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1848560, encodeId=e748184856043, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2977356edc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#BMJ#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3567, encryptionId=2977356edc, topicName=BMJ)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=148754, createdName=gaoxiaoe, createdTime=Fri Mar 01 00:45:00 CST 2019, time=2019-03-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=332789, encodeId=6601332e89aa, content=学习了,谢谢分享。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=101, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/xkvRjYnJzzRJ2R0y7VhicibvkjPWHjIMmu4ZpKnE9cWAu4lVicS3uDUCfF4M4JWvrkrYfpb2KehPV0Ee29tPqyPEebBUibiaKhnvD/0, createdBy=f8412001184, createdName=惠映实验室, createdTime=Thu Jul 19 22:06:26 CST 2018, time=2018-07-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=332319, encodeId=511a33231976, content=学习了谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=146, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/xkvRjYnJzzRJ2R0y7VhicibvkjPWHjIMmu4ZpKnE9cWAu4lVicS3uDUCfF4M4JWvrkrYfpb2KehPV0Ee29tPqyPEebBUibiaKhnvD/0, createdBy=f8412001184, createdName=惠映实验室, createdTime=Tue Jul 17 22:01:14 CST 2018, time=2018-07-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=332249, encodeId=615c33224967, content=学习了受益匪浅, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=143, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/ajNVdqHZLLDicHg2ldsSNmib46PmdzpO7CQEmPjuULp1v45zPWwMYhrnXgvl3OtmUCZSQfgITWn96X9moL94nUGA/0, createdBy=28072041016, createdName=131****1460, createdTime=Tue Jul 17 14:09:38 CST 2018, time=2018-07-17, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-07-19 惠映实验室

    学习了,谢谢分享。

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1848560, encodeId=e748184856043, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2977356edc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#BMJ#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3567, encryptionId=2977356edc, topicName=BMJ)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=148754, createdName=gaoxiaoe, createdTime=Fri Mar 01 00:45:00 CST 2019, time=2019-03-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=332789, encodeId=6601332e89aa, content=学习了,谢谢分享。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=101, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/xkvRjYnJzzRJ2R0y7VhicibvkjPWHjIMmu4ZpKnE9cWAu4lVicS3uDUCfF4M4JWvrkrYfpb2KehPV0Ee29tPqyPEebBUibiaKhnvD/0, createdBy=f8412001184, createdName=惠映实验室, createdTime=Thu Jul 19 22:06:26 CST 2018, time=2018-07-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=332319, encodeId=511a33231976, content=学习了谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=146, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/xkvRjYnJzzRJ2R0y7VhicibvkjPWHjIMmu4ZpKnE9cWAu4lVicS3uDUCfF4M4JWvrkrYfpb2KehPV0Ee29tPqyPEebBUibiaKhnvD/0, createdBy=f8412001184, createdName=惠映实验室, createdTime=Tue Jul 17 22:01:14 CST 2018, time=2018-07-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=332249, encodeId=615c33224967, content=学习了受益匪浅, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=143, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/ajNVdqHZLLDicHg2ldsSNmib46PmdzpO7CQEmPjuULp1v45zPWwMYhrnXgvl3OtmUCZSQfgITWn96X9moL94nUGA/0, createdBy=28072041016, createdName=131****1460, createdTime=Tue Jul 17 14:09:38 CST 2018, time=2018-07-17, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-07-17 惠映实验室

    学习了谢谢分享

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1848560, encodeId=e748184856043, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2977356edc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#BMJ#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3567, encryptionId=2977356edc, topicName=BMJ)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=148754, createdName=gaoxiaoe, createdTime=Fri Mar 01 00:45:00 CST 2019, time=2019-03-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=332789, encodeId=6601332e89aa, content=学习了,谢谢分享。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=101, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/xkvRjYnJzzRJ2R0y7VhicibvkjPWHjIMmu4ZpKnE9cWAu4lVicS3uDUCfF4M4JWvrkrYfpb2KehPV0Ee29tPqyPEebBUibiaKhnvD/0, createdBy=f8412001184, createdName=惠映实验室, createdTime=Thu Jul 19 22:06:26 CST 2018, time=2018-07-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=332319, encodeId=511a33231976, content=学习了谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=146, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/xkvRjYnJzzRJ2R0y7VhicibvkjPWHjIMmu4ZpKnE9cWAu4lVicS3uDUCfF4M4JWvrkrYfpb2KehPV0Ee29tPqyPEebBUibiaKhnvD/0, createdBy=f8412001184, createdName=惠映实验室, createdTime=Tue Jul 17 22:01:14 CST 2018, time=2018-07-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=332249, encodeId=615c33224967, content=学习了受益匪浅, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=143, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/ajNVdqHZLLDicHg2ldsSNmib46PmdzpO7CQEmPjuULp1v45zPWwMYhrnXgvl3OtmUCZSQfgITWn96X9moL94nUGA/0, createdBy=28072041016, createdName=131****1460, createdTime=Tue Jul 17 14:09:38 CST 2018, time=2018-07-17, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-07-17 131****1460

    学习了受益匪浅

    0

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