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今年世界卫生日的主题是糖尿病

2016-04-07 佚名 世界卫生组织

背景2008年全球估计约有3.47亿人患有糖尿病。目前流行率仍呈上升趋势,尤其在低收入和中等收入国家。2012年总共约有150万人直接死于这一疾病,其中80%以上的死亡病例发生在低收入和中等收入国家。据世卫组织预测,到2030年,糖尿病将成为第七项主要死亡原因。糖尿病是一种慢性病,当胰腺产生不了足够的胰岛素或者人体无法有效利用所产生的胰岛素时,就会发生糖尿病。胰岛素是一种调节血糖的荷尔蒙,能够给予

背景

2008年全球估计约有3.47亿人患有糖尿病。目前流行率仍呈上升趋势,尤其在低收入和中等收入国家。

2012年总共约有150万人直接死于这一疾病,其中80%以上的死亡病例发生在低收入和中等收入国家。据世卫组织预测,到2030年,糖尿病将成为第七项主要死亡原因。

糖尿病是一种慢性病,当胰腺产生不了足够的胰岛素或者人体无法有效利用所产生的胰岛素时,就会发生糖尿病。胰岛素是一种调节血糖的荷尔蒙,能够给予生命所需的能量。如果糖不能进入细胞作为能量消耗掉,就会大量蓄积在血液中造成危害。

糖尿病有两种主要形式。一型糖尿病患者通常不能自己分泌胰岛素,因此需要注射胰岛素来维持生命。二型糖尿病占糖尿病病例总数的90%左右,患者通常自己能够产生胰岛素,但不能产生足够的胰岛素或无法妥善利用。二型糖尿病患者通常超重和久坐不动,这两种状况加剧了患者对胰岛素的需求。

随着时间推移,高血糖会严重损害身体各主要器官系统,造成心脏病、中风、神经损伤、肾功能衰竭、失明、阳痿以及可能导致截肢的感染。

主要信息

世卫组织将2016年4月7日世界卫生日的重点定为应对糖尿病,其原因如下:

1. 糖尿病在许多国家加速流行,数据显示,在低收入和中等收入国家中增幅最为显着。

2. 很大一部分糖尿病病例是可以预防的。事实证明,只要在生活方式上采取简单易行的措施,就能有效预防或延缓二型糖尿病的发作。保持正常体重,从事有规律的体力活动,并注重饮食健康,即可降低患糖尿病风险。

3. 糖尿病是可以治疗的。可以控制和管理糖尿病,防止发生并发症。提供更多诊断机会、开展自我管理教育和进行负担得起的治疗是应对措施极为重要的内容。

4. 努力预防和治疗糖尿病对于实现可持续发展目标3之下关于到2030年将非传染性疾病造成的过早死亡人数减少三分之一的全球具体目标很重要。社会各行各业,包括政府、雇主、教育机构、生产商、民间社会、私营部门、媒体和个人等都可以发挥作用。

目标:扩大预防,加强护理,并增强监测

2016年世界卫生日活动的主要目标是:

提高对于糖尿病上升、特别是在低收入和中等收入国家中糖尿病惊人负担和后果的认识;

发起一套具体、有效和负担得起的行动应对糖尿病。其中包括采取措施预防糖尿病及诊断、治疗和照护糖尿病患者;

发起全球首份糖尿病报告,阐述糖尿病的负担和后果,倡导加强卫生系统,确保改进监测,加强预防,并更有效地管理糖尿病。

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  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1665300, encodeId=f3ee1665300a9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ea3020e82b6' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#世界卫生#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=20782, encryptionId=ea3020e82b6, topicName=世界卫生)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=416625942678, createdName=12498e87m47暂无昵称, createdTime=Sun Sep 18 17:55:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=78295, encodeId=22b0e8295c6, content=关注糖尿病, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=133, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=240a1683959, createdName=李继凯, createdTime=Thu Apr 14 18:55:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=78296, encodeId=7605e8296dc, content=↖(^ω^)↗, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=86, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=240a1683959, createdName=李继凯, createdTime=Thu Apr 14 18:55:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=76654, encodeId=0b72e665412, content=糖尿病确实多,而且年轻化, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=187, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzYWia0nMBiceOVIdKq3ibFKubbK7gTtfD7KAEnLB9zphibTvdpE2miaXQ7yVricG3ibiamDVnkia62xuDia998/0, createdBy=98b91706957, createdName=Wechatdb9b98ec, createdTime=Sun Apr 10 10:52:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=76458, encodeId=efe0e645817, content=顶, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=133, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTK29w9r0upRgxUXHNhe7bd3VxHnhBSpibMbKOjtX92zXr78SkuZfUNuADrjHiaw6uibZaEYjh9cJLzew/132, createdBy=261e1682638, createdName=1de3b290m83(暂无匿称), createdTime=Fri Apr 08 19:55:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=76308, encodeId=eceee6308f9, content=糖尿病患者, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=165, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=078f1661649, createdName=wei834766788, createdTime=Thu Apr 07 17:38:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=76273, encodeId=3d4be6273e6, content=糖尿病的患者人数挺多的。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=116, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160313/IMG56E50DEC424F44672.jpg, createdBy=ce5b1699635, createdName=Lisa971, createdTime=Thu Apr 07 14:15:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=76263, encodeId=cb66e626361, content=拒绝糖尿病, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=138, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2d331664955, createdName=老段, createdTime=Thu Apr 07 13:10:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-07, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-04-14 李继凯

    关注糖尿病

    0

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    2016-04-14 李继凯

    ↖(^ω^)↗

    0

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    2016-04-10 Wechatdb9b98ec

    糖尿病确实多,而且年轻化

    0

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    2016-04-07 wei834766788

    糖尿病患者

    0

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    2016-04-07 Lisa971

    糖尿病的患者人数挺多的。

    0

  8. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1665300, encodeId=f3ee1665300a9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ea3020e82b6' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#世界卫生#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=20782, encryptionId=ea3020e82b6, topicName=世界卫生)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=416625942678, createdName=12498e87m47暂无昵称, createdTime=Sun Sep 18 17:55:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=78295, encodeId=22b0e8295c6, content=关注糖尿病, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=133, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=240a1683959, createdName=李继凯, createdTime=Thu Apr 14 18:55:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=78296, encodeId=7605e8296dc, content=↖(^ω^)↗, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=86, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=240a1683959, createdName=李继凯, createdTime=Thu Apr 14 18:55:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=76654, encodeId=0b72e665412, content=糖尿病确实多,而且年轻化, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=187, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzYWia0nMBiceOVIdKq3ibFKubbK7gTtfD7KAEnLB9zphibTvdpE2miaXQ7yVricG3ibiamDVnkia62xuDia998/0, createdBy=98b91706957, createdName=Wechatdb9b98ec, createdTime=Sun Apr 10 10:52:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=76458, encodeId=efe0e645817, content=顶, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=133, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTK29w9r0upRgxUXHNhe7bd3VxHnhBSpibMbKOjtX92zXr78SkuZfUNuADrjHiaw6uibZaEYjh9cJLzew/132, createdBy=261e1682638, createdName=1de3b290m83(暂无匿称), createdTime=Fri Apr 08 19:55:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=76308, encodeId=eceee6308f9, content=糖尿病患者, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=165, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=078f1661649, createdName=wei834766788, createdTime=Thu Apr 07 17:38:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=76273, encodeId=3d4be6273e6, content=糖尿病的患者人数挺多的。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=116, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160313/IMG56E50DEC424F44672.jpg, createdBy=ce5b1699635, createdName=Lisa971, createdTime=Thu Apr 07 14:15:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=76263, encodeId=cb66e626361, content=拒绝糖尿病, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=138, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2d331664955, createdName=老段, createdTime=Thu Apr 07 13:10:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-07, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-04-07 老段

    拒绝糖尿病

    0

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