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桡动脉内径与鞘管外径的比值对PCI后桡动脉内皮细胞功能的影响

2015-09-15 河北医科大学第二医院 傅向华 樊延明 中国医学论坛报

                        2015年欧洲心脏病学会(ESC)年会背景由于桡动脉内皮细胞和鞘管之间存在着摩擦力,经桡动脉冠脉介入操作可能导致桡动脉损伤

                        2015年欧洲心脏病学会(ESC)年会

背景

由于桡动脉内皮细胞和鞘管之间存在着摩擦力,经桡动脉冠脉介入操作可能导致桡动脉损伤。

目的

本研究旨在评价经桡动脉冠脉介入治疗术中桡动脉内径与鞘管外径的比值(<1.0 vs.>1.0)对一氧化氮介导的/非介导的血管内皮舒张功能的影响。

方法

35名患者接受经桡动脉应用6F鞘管(外径2.6mm)行冠脉介入治疗。在介入操作前一天和第二天进行桡动脉内皮功能的评价。部分患者在术后3-4个月再次评价桡动脉内皮功能。将桡动脉内径与鞘管外径比值<1的患者(n=12)和>1的患者(n=23)进行比较。在鞘管置入桡动脉的区域内测定基线桡动脉直径、桡动脉血流介导的血管舒张功能(FMD)、内皮和一氧化氮介导的/非介导的血管舒张功能。此外,亦对非内皮依赖的硝酸甘油—一氧化氮介导的血管舒张功能进行评价。非介入上肢作为组内对照。

结果

桡动脉内径与鞘管外径比值<1组的FMD由10.6±3.6%降至4.5±3.5%,而比值>1组其FMD由8.4±2.8% 降至 5.5±3.5%(P<0.01)。两组患者FMD在术后3各月均恢复至基线水平(<1组:8.4±4.0%;>1组:8.9±3.7%; P =NS)。桡动脉内径与鞘管外径比值<1组的硝酸甘油介导的血管舒张功能由20.3±6.7%降至8.3±5.1%,而比值>1组其硝酸甘油介导的血管舒张功能11.1±3.4%降至 8.5±4.0%(P<0.001)。桡动脉内径与鞘管外径比值<1组的FMD和硝酸甘油介导的血管舒张功能降低程度更加明显。非介入的上肢桡动脉内皮功能无改变。桡动脉痉挛(RAS)在桡动脉内径与鞘管外径比值<1组更为常见(33.3% vs. 21.0%)。腕围和身高是桡动脉直径细小的独立预测因素。

结论

桡动脉内径与鞘管外径比值<1在经桡动脉冠脉介入术后能够导致桡动脉舒张功能更加明显的下降、RAS发生率更高和桡动脉损伤更加严重。在选择鞘管时应考虑到桡动脉的内径以减少介入入径血管并发症。

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