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JAMA:无继发甲旁亢的血液透析患者 阿法骨化醇无益于“心”?

2019-01-06 常路 环球医学

维生素D参与钙、磷及骨代谢的调节,在我们生活中很常见。血液透析患者通常常规服用维生素D,以纠正钙磷失衡。

维生素D参与钙、磷及骨代谢的调节,在我们生活中很常见。血液透析患者通常常规服用维生素D,以纠正钙磷失衡。

此外,慢性肾病患者维生素D激活受损,血管事件风险升高。有观察性研究表明,在接受血液透析的患者中,不论甲状旁腺激素水平如何,服用活性维生素D与较低的全因死亡风险相关。

2018年12月,发表在《JAMA》的一项随机、开放标签、终点设盲的多中心临床试验,评估了在无继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进的血液透析患者中,维生素D受体激动剂是否可降低血管事件发生率和死亡率。

研究人员对日本207家透析中心的1289名患者进行了研究,最终纳入976名接受持续性血液透析且血清全段甲状旁腺激素水平≤180pg/mL的患者。首例和末例患者分别于2008年8月18日和2011年1月26日入组。末次随访日期为2015年4月4日。

干预措施为,每天口服阿法骨化醇0.5μg(干预组,495人)vs不服用维生素D受体激动剂(对照组,481人)。

首要结局指标为48个月随访期内各种致命性和非致命性心血管事件组成的复合指标,包括心肌梗死、充血性心力衰竭住院、卒中、主动脉夹层/破裂、缺血导致的下肢截肢、心源性猝死;冠脉血运重建;腿动脉血管重建。次要结局指标为全因死亡。

在108家透析中心的976名患者中,964人纳入到意向性分析中,中位年龄65岁,女性386人(40.0%),944人完成试验(97.9%)。

结果显示,随访期间(中位4.0年),干预组103/488人(21.1%)和对照组85/476人(17.9%)发生了主要复合结局中的心血管事件(P=0.13)。两组的次要结局全因死亡率无显着性差异(P=0.46)。

干预组的488名参与者中,199人(40.8%)、64人(13.1%)、22人(4.5%)分别发生心血管严重不良事件、感染不良事件、恶性肿瘤相关严重不良事件。在对照组的476名参与者中,则分别有191人(40.1%)、63人(13.2%)和21人(4.4%)发生上述不良事件。

作者认为,在无继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进的持续性血液透析患者,与常规治疗相比,口服阿法骨化醇并不会降低一系列特定心血管事件的风险。这一结果不支持此类患者使用维生素D受体激活剂进行治疗。

慢性肾病患者普遍存在维生素D不足,且与慢性肾病的病情发展密切相关。此外,有研究表明,维生素D水平低下可能是心血管事件的独立危险因素。另有很多试验表明,合适的维生素D水平对控制血压、心脏结构及功能均有益。

晚期慢性肾病患者的心血管疾病风险更高,特别是血液透析患者。当前,各国指南都推荐使用维生素D作为继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进的治疗手段之一。但上述研究表明,对于无继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进的持续血液透析患者,口服维生素D受体激活剂阿法骨化醇并不会降低特定复合心血管事件的风险,不建议在此类患者中应用。

原始出处:

J-DAVID Investigators, Shoji T, et al. Effect of Oral Alfacalcidol on Clinical Outcomes in Patients Without Secondary Hyperparathyroidism Receiving Maintenance Hemodialysis: The J-DAVID Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2018 Dec 11;320(22):2325-2334. doi: 10.1001/jama.2018.17749.

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    2019-02-27 feifers
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    2019-01-08 habb
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    2019-01-06 lietome2

    不错的方式,努力学习,刻苦专研,不断总结出来新经验。给点个赞!

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