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Respiratory Research:透明质酸对治疗慢性肺部疾病有效

2021-02-02 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

研究人员发现吸入透明质酸可改善慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)严重加重患者的肺功能。透明质酸是一种由活组织分泌的糖,作为细胞的支架,也被用作化妆品的皮肤润肤霜和鼻腔喷雾,以滋润肺部呼吸道。

慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)相关的发病率和死亡率在世界范围内都在增加。世界卫生组织预测,到2030年之前,慢性阻塞性肺病将成为全球第三大死因。90%的COPD患者常常需要住院治疗,这是COPD最重要的成本因素。急性加重COPD(AECOPD)的治疗仍然有限,包括支气管扩张剂、非特异性抗炎皮质激素和抗生素,以及需要新的、有效的抗炎药物。

高分子量透明质酸(HMW-HA)是一种天然存在的糖,富含于细胞外基质,包括肺。HMW-HA具有一些特性,使其成为AECOPD治疗的一个有吸引力的候选者:HMW-HA是一种非常亲水的分子,多年来一直被用作气道水合剂,这可能会改善COPD的粘液纤毛转运。HMW-HA改善小鼠模型和人类的气道高反应性,具有有效的抗炎特性,并改善肺上皮损伤。因此,有研究者假设吸入HMW-HA可能对AECOPD有益,特别是对呼吸衰竭患者,并进行了一项研究,研究结果近日发表在Respiratory Research杂志上。

该研究为一项单中心、随机、安慰剂对照、双盲研究,以调查吸入HMW-HA对需要无创正压通气(NIPPV)的重度AECOPD患者的影响。主要终点为从NIPPV解放前的时间。在研究期间收治的150例AECOPD患者中,有51例符合参与条件,41例同意纳入研究。

在44名筛选的患者中,41人被纳入研究(21名安慰剂,20名高分子量羟色胺)。HMW-HA治疗的患者NIPPV持续时间明显缩短。HMW-HA治疗的患者从NIPPV释放后也有较低的呼吸机峰值气道压力和较低的全身炎症标志物。体外实验表明,HMW-HA可显著改善接触香烟烟雾提取物的COPD患者和健康原代支气管细胞空气-液体界面培养中的黏液纤毛运输。

HMW-HA治疗可减少AECOPD患者的NIPPV持续时间

HMW-HA治疗患者的肺功能和血清炎症标志物改善。

在这项研究中,研究者证明吸入HMW-HA可缩短急性呼吸衰竭的持续时间,并与AECOPD患者肺功能和全身炎症的改善有关。研究者发现HMW-HA改善了具有COPD样表现的气道上皮黏膜纤毛运输。我们的研究首次显示了细胞外基质分子在人类肺部疾病急性加重中的治疗潜力。

HMW-HA还具有强大的抗炎和前稳态特性。在小鼠模型中,HMW-HA可改善急性过敏和非过敏炎症以及肺上皮损伤。在体外,HMW-HA抑制了脂多糖诱导的COPD患者血全血TNFα的释放。Tus、HMW-HA也可改善AECOPD患者的气道炎症。虽然目前还没有单一的生物标志物能够高度预测AECOPD的预后,但研究者分析了与AECOPD相关的标志物。

目前肺部疾病的治疗方法包括吸入类固醇、抗生素和支气管扩张剂,所以使用体内已经发现的分子是一个新概念。吸入HMWHA可改善炎症和肺功能,减少对呼吸支持的需要,从而对重度AECOPD有益。本研究支持在急性和慢性肺疾病中使用一种新型治疗方法,即基质生物制剂。更多的研究将证实我们在其他临床站点的更多患者的发现,并探索HMWHA在慢性慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)中的应用,以减少COPD进展,减少加重,加重是这种毁灭性疾病的发病率、死亡率和成本的主要驱动因素。

参考文献:Flavia Galdi, Claudio Pedone, Christopher A. McGee, Margaret George, Annette B. Rice, Shah S. Hussain, Kadambari Vijaykumar, Evan R. Boitet, Guillermo J. Tearney, John A. McGrath, Audrey R. Brown, Steven M. Rowe, Raffaele A. Incalzi, Stavros Garantziotis. Inhaled high molecular weight hyaluronan ameliorates respiratory failure in acute COPD exacerbation: a pilot studyRespiratory Research, 2021; 22 (1) DOI: 10.1186/s12931-020-01610-x

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    2021-02-03 Aidy

    高分子量透明质酸(HMW-HA)是一种天然存在的糖,富含于细胞外基质,包括肺

    0

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    2021-02-03 可口可乐好甜呀

    学习了,透明质酸一种新型的药物治疗copd

    0

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Radiology:多参数CT/MRI技术在慢性阻塞性肺疾病中的应用

慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)的肺部影像学检查主要为CT或MRI,但尚无研究将两者一同评价。

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