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TCT2014:生物可吸收支架与Xience支架同样安全有效

2014-09-17 TCT2014 国际循环

TCT 2014年会最新临床试验专场上发布的ABSORB II研究中期分析结果显示,与依维莫司洗脱金属支架(Xience)相比,依维莫司生物可吸收支架(Absorb BVS)可显著降低冠状动脉疾病患者的早期管腔获得,且两者在早期管腔获得方面的差异与支架置入后的即刻支架回缩无关。但是,二者对临床结局及心绞痛状态的影响并无差异。 自获得欧洲CE认证后,虽未进行与金属支架的随机对比,但Absorb B

TCT 2014年会最新临床试验专场上发布的ABSORB II研究中期分析结果显示,与依维莫司洗脱金属支架(Xience)相比,依维莫司生物可吸收支架(Absorb BVS)可显著降低冠状动脉疾病患者的早期管腔获得,且两者在早期管腔获得方面的差异与支架置入后的即刻支架回缩无关。但是,二者对临床结局及心绞痛状态的影响并无差异。

自获得欧洲CE认证后,虽未进行与金属支架的随机对比,但Absorb BVS被广泛宣传与应用。为评估其相对安全性与有效性,研究者英国伦敦帝国学院的Patrick Serruys及其同事对Absorb生物可吸收支架应用一年后的次要临床终点进行了分析。ABSORB Ⅱ研究共入选501例患者,以2:1的比例将其随机分为Absorb BVS组与Xience支架组。研究的主要终点是血管舒缩(用硝酸酯类药物管理前及之后3年时的平均管腔变化来评估),以及术后3年时应用硝酸酯类药物后的最小管腔直径减去术后即刻应用硝酸酯类药物后的最小管腔直径,次要终点是患者的运动能力及心绞痛状态。中期分析结果显示,两组患者的运动能力及心绞痛状态并无差异。与Xience支架相比,Absorb BVS治疗6个月时硝酸酯类药物的应用有所减少。事后分析显示,干预1年时,与Xience支架组相比,Absorb BVS组心绞痛的累积发生率更低;除外指数住院期间及支架置入7天内发作的心绞痛后,Absorb BVS组的心绞痛发生率更低。进一步分析显示,Absorb BVS组与Xience支架组心肌梗死的发生率分别为4%和1%,总体来说无显著差异(P=0.06),其差异主要源于围术期非Q波心肌梗死。此外,Absorb BVS组共发生2例支架内血栓形成,其中1例发生于支架置入后24小时,另1例发生于支架置入后第2天。研究者推测,依维莫司生物可吸收支架减少早期管腔获得可能与扩张生物可吸收支架时使用的球囊更小、压力更低有关。

凯斯医疗中心的Dan Simon评论认为,该研究结果与预期结果一致,Absorb BVS早期性能更好,晚期心肌梗死发生率略高,但该研究中研究者并非处于盲态,心绞痛也不是硬终点,故其结果尚不足以作出明确结论,亟需进一步开展具有充足效力的试验。此外,Absorb BVS的安全性也有待进一步评估。因此,Simon教授认为,只有研究充分证实Absorb BVS减少心绞痛的作用优于现有支架,且支架内血栓形成发生率较低,才能在美国应用。

St Vincent心脏中心的James Hermiller认为,ABSORB Ⅱ中期分析结果令人鼓舞。他对GHOST-EU注册研究所显示的支架内血栓形成风险并不担忧,并认为更大规模的ABSORB Ⅲ及ABSORB Ⅳ研究将有望进一步证实Absorb BVS减少心绞痛的有效性。

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