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Stroke: 抗凝治疗的中风患者,脑内微小出血会明显增加心脑血管疾病

2021-01-06 Freeman MedSci原创

抗凝治疗的中风患者,脑内微小出血会明显增加心脑血管疾病

 
房颤是急性缺血性中风的一个主要危险因素,可能会致残和致命。在二级预防中,口服抗凝剂(OACs)对脑中风患者和房颤患者而言,是预防复发性缺血性中风和系统栓塞的最有效你方式。然而,OACs 也可能导致出血风险的增加,尤其是脑内出血。伴有出血倾向的脑血管疾病患者,发生脑出血相关脑出血的风险更高。
 
脑微出血(CMBs)通常被认为是出血倾向血管病变的标志物。对缺血性脑中风(AIS)后服用 OACs 治疗的房颤患者,做了评估了 CMBs 最近的一些研究对他们未来出血性中风的影响。这些研究表明,在 AIS后服用 OACs 的患者中,CMBs 的基线存在与出血性中风风险的增加独立相关。然而,他们发现前瞻性出血性中风的风险非常低。事实上,房颤导致的系统栓塞引起的缺血性卒中和血管死亡的复发率远远高于与 OACs 相关的出血性卒中的发生率,甚至在 CMBs 患者中也是如此。然而,CMBs 对于服用 OACs 的 AIS 和 AF 患者临床结局的影响尚未得到全面的研究。
 
 
韩国全南大学附属医院的Kang-Ho Choi等人,研究了在接受OAC治疗的急性缺血性中风和房颤患者中,脑微出血的存在、负担和部位对主要不良脑血管和心血管事件风险的影响。此外, 他们还探究了 CMBs 的临床效果是否因 OACs 的类型而有所不同。
 
他们纳入了1742名AIS和接受 OACs 治疗的房颤病人,主要结果观察2年随访期间MACCE (中风,心肌梗死,或血管死亡的综合)等结局。
 
结果显示,调整混杂因素后,CMB 的存在和未来的MACCE 风险显著相关(HR=1.89 ; p = 0.003)。有1个 CMB 的患者 MACCE 比率与无 CMBs 的患者相似(p = 0.461)。而多发性 CMBs (≥2) ,尤其是高负荷 CMBs (≥5)患者 MACCE 的比例明显高于对照组(p < 0.05)。CMB 阳性组 MACCE 频率均高于 CMB 阴性组,且 MACCE 的发生率与 CMB 位置无明显差异。在使用华法林治疗的患者中,CMB 与 MACCE 风险显著相关(p = 0.002) ,但在使用直接 OACs 治疗的患者中没有显著相关(p = 0.517)。
 
这个近2000人的临床研究主要意义在于发现:服用 OACs 的 AIS 和心室颤动患者中,随着 CMB 负荷的增加,未来 MACCE 的风险增加,而 CMBs 的解剖位置不影响未来 MACCE 的风险。这种风险似乎在服用华法林的患者中更为明显。
 

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    2021-04-23 ms1000000246718707

    一直困扰我的问题有点答案了

    0

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    2021-01-06 guging

    中风是俗称,应该称为缺血性卒中吧

    0

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    2021-01-06 孤舟蓑笠一老翁

    感谢梅斯医学分享,受教了。

    0

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