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BBC:髋关节疼痛或是“进化后遗症”

2017-01-01 生物探索 生物探索

导读 近日,牛津大学的科学家表示,进化的后遗症有助于解释人类为什么会有如此多的肩膀、臀部和膝盖等部位的疼痛。如果目前的趋势继续下去,他们预测未来的人类可能会面临更大的风险.。常感到肩膀痛、髋部疼痛或膝盖痛?牛津大学的科学家们认为,这可能是“进化的后遗”。近日BBC报道:学者预测,如果目前的趋势继续下去,未来的人类可能会面临更大的风险。科学家利用跨越了4亿年的300个来自不同物种的样本,观察骨骼在几

导读 近日,牛津大学的科学家表示,进化的后遗症有助于解释人类为什么会有如此多的肩膀、臀部和膝盖等部位的疼痛。如果目前的趋势继续下去,他们预测未来的人类可能会面临更大的风险.。



常感到肩膀痛、髋部疼痛或膝盖痛?牛津大学的科学家们认为,这可能是“进化的后遗”。近日BBC报道:学者预测,如果目前的趋势继续下去,未来的人类可能会面临更大的风险。



科学家利用跨越了4亿年的300个来自不同物种的样本,观察骨骼在几千年内发生的微妙变化.。

当人类开始以双脚站立,骨骼开始产生变化。其他研究人员亦有类似的发现:例如一些经常感到腰痛的人,他们的脊柱形状与人类近亲——黑猩猩比较相似。

奇怪的安排:腿骨中端越粗,患关节炎的机会越高


牛津大学纳菲尔德骨科(Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics)、风湿科(Rheumatology)和肌肉骨骼科学系(Musculoskeletal Sciences)的蒙克博士(Paul Monk)负责此研究项目。

他表示,如今在医院常常见到这些病例,譬如当伸手往高处时的肩膀痛、膝盖前的痛楚、年轻人一些关节常会突出。于是他们想知道,为何人类的骨骼与关节这么古怪,令不少人患上痛症……或许只有回顾进化过程,才能得到问题的答案。

而后,研究人员对伦敦自然史博物馆(Natural History Museum in London)及华盛顿史密森尼学会(Smithsonian Institution in Washington)的300个样本进行电脑断层扫描;并利用数据去制作3D模型,以观察骨头亿年以来的变化。



当人类从四肢并行进化至以双脚行走时,研究人员发现大腿骨的中端会变粗,去承受额外的重量。研究显示,大腿骨的中端越粗,患关节炎的机会就越高。科学家认为,人类容易髋部感到疼痛,这可能是其中一个原因。

研究人员也利用数据去估算4000年后人类骨骼的形状,但他们承认未来有很多未知数。Paul Monk博士说:“有趣的是,假如我们尝试把趋势向前推进,(大腿骨的)中端将会更加阔,更多人将会患上关节炎。”

人类伸手往高处时,肩膀感到疼痛的原因



Paul Monk博士还透露,人的肩膀有一个天然的空隙,让肌腱及血管穿过。不过,科学发现这个空隙随着时间转变而越来越窄。因此研究者指出,肌腱因此难以移动,或许这就是一些人伸手往高处时,肩膀感到疼痛的原因。

通过研究模型,研究人员指出:未来的关节置换需要就骨骼进化而重新设计;不过研究人员也表示该发现并不完全是坏消息。

在他们看来,合适的物理治疗加上保持正确姿势,能帮助减低人类进化带来的骨骼问题。

原始出处:

[1] Smitha Mundasad. Hip pain may be 'hangover from evolution'. BBC News.27 December 2016.

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    2017-01-03 huirong
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    2017-01-02 187清风

    进化后遗症,这是作用过多劳损相关吧

    0

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    2017-01-02 jihuaijun1112

    呵呵。。。。。

    0

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