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Clin Infect Dis:目前预防造血干细胞移植受体GNR相关菌血症耐药性的方法管用吗?

2017-12-26 梁舒瑶 环球医学

2017年发表在《Clin Infect Dis》的一项由以色列、意大利、荷兰、土耳其等国科学家进行的跨洲研究,考察了造血干细胞移植(HSCT)中革兰阴性杆菌(GNR)相关菌血症的抗菌药耐药性。

2017年发表在《Clin Infect Dis》的一项由以色列、意大利、荷兰、土耳其等国科学家进行的跨洲研究,考察了造血干细胞移植(HSCT)中革兰阴性杆菌(GNR)相关菌血症的抗菌药耐药性。

背景:这项跨洲研究的目的是考察HSCT中GNR的耐药性。

方法:前瞻性收集HSCT后6个月期间发生的GNR菌血症(2014年2月~2015年5月)数据,并分析氟喹诺酮类、非碳青霉烯抗绿脓杆菌β-内酰胺类(非碳青霉烯类)、碳青霉烯类和多药耐药性。

结果:来自欧洲、澳大利亚和亚洲的25个国家的65个HSCT中心报告了591例患者的655个GNR病例和704个病原体(肠杆菌科,73%;非发酵,24%;其他,3%)。半数GNRs对氟喹诺酮和非碳青霉烯耐药;18.5%对碳青霉烯耐药;35.2%为多药耐药。异基因HSCT(allo-HSCT)vs自体移植HSCT(auto-HSCT)患者(P<0.001)的总耐药率较高,但在社区获得感染中相似。与没有提供氟喹诺酮类药物预防的中心相比,提供氟喹诺酮类药物预防的中心的auto-HSCT患者中非碳青霉烯耐药和多药耐药较高(P<0.01)。非克雷伯菌肠杆菌很少出现碳青酶烯类耐药。多变量分析显示,allo-HSCT患者的耐药风险因素为:氟喹诺酮类药物的耐药:成人、嗜中性白血球减少症延长、氟喹诺酮类药物突破;非碳青酶烯类耐药:院感、非碳青酶烯类耐药或其他抗菌药耐药(排除氟喹诺酮类、非碳青酶烯类、碳青酶烯类)、施滞;碳青酶烯类耐药:碳青酶烯类突破、住院时间延长、重症监护室、既往其他抗菌药治疗;多药耐药:住院时间延长、β-内酰胺/β-内酰胺抑制剂突破和碳青酶烯类。耐药菌引发的感染中,不恰当经验疗法和死亡率显着更常见。

结论:这些数据对氟喹诺酮预防推荐提出质疑,并呼吁重新评估局部抗菌方法。病原体的特异性耐药的知识能促使早期恰当经验疗法。耐药性监测很关键。

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    2017-12-28 俅侠
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    2017-12-26 清风拂面

    很好谢谢谢谢.学习受益匪浅

    0

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