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预防卒中的五个关键步骤

2021-05-12 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

卒中又称“中风”,是一种急性脑血管疾病,是由于脑部血管突然破裂或因血管阻塞导致血液不能流入大脑而引起脑组织损伤的一组疾病,包括缺血性和出血性卒中。

卒中又称“中风”,是一种急性血管疾病,是由于脑部血管突然破裂或因血管阻塞导致血液不能流入大脑而引起脑组织损伤的一组疾病,包括缺血性和出血性卒中。

verywell

年龄多在40岁以上,男性较女性多,严重者可引起死亡。脑卒中已成为我国第一位死亡原因,也是中国成年人残疾的首要原因,脑卒中具有发病率高、死亡率高和致残率高的特点。

由于卒中一直缺乏有效的治疗手段,目前认为预防是最好的措施。通过健康的生活方式改变和与保健医生合作控制中风危险因素,可以预防多达80%的卒中。研究人员已经确定了人们可以采取的降低卒中风险的许多步骤。

神经病学家,北卡罗来纳州温斯顿·塞勒姆市威克森林浸信会卫生综合性卒中中心主任谢里尔·布什内尔博士说,坚持以下五种健康的生活方式的回报是巨大的,

不仅是为了预防卒中,而且还是为了预防痴呆。人们可以做同样的事情来预防两者,可以说是一箭双雕。

以下是预防卒中的五种方法。

如果抽烟,请戒烟

研究表明,每人每天抽五支烟,卒中的风险就会增加12%。2020年的一项研究发现,与从未吸烟相比,吸烟的黑人成年人卒中的风险增加了一倍以上。

布什内尔说:“人们知道吸烟会导致肺癌,但他们不知道吸烟还会损害大脑和血管

保持活跃

与不活跃的男人和女人相比,活跃的人患卒中的风险要低25%-30%。身体活动已被证明可以降低胆固醇,帮助保持健康的体重和降低血压-所有这些因素都可以减少卒中的风险。

布什内尔说:“体育锻炼的证据是不可否认的。”布什内尔是美国心脏协会和美国中风协会关于中风预防的2014年声明的共同作者。“即使每小时每小时走动10分钟也比长时间坐着要好。

Hachinski将锻炼放在降低人患中风风险的三件事中,并且认为锻炼不必过于雄心勃勃。走路是目前最好的运动。站起来走走。

控制血压

压是卒中的首要风险因素。根据美国心脏协会(AHA)的统计,在美国,一半的男性(52%)和43%的女性血压过高。

尽管可以通过改变生活方式或服用药物来控制它,但只有大约五分之一的成年人对其进行了适当的管理

吸烟,糖尿病,肥胖,高胆固醇和饮食不健康会导致血压超出健康范围。

布什内尔说,在家中进行监测并与医生进行定期沟通以确保药物有效,这对控制高血压很重要。

健康饮食

哈钦斯基说:“随着年龄的增长,人们发生的最微妙的事情之一就是体重增加了。”

他说,谨慎选择健康食品可以使体重增加最小化。但是,无论体重如何,都可以选择更健康的食物,这是有价值的。

布什内尔表示:“营养比减肥更重要。” “有多种饮食可以降低卒中的发生率”,例如DASH或地中海饮食。两者都强调要吃很多水果,蔬菜和低脂乳制品,全谷类,鱼类和坚果,同时减少富含饱和脂肪,胆固醇和反式脂肪的食物。

越早开始越好

卒中也发生在年轻人身上。所有卒中的约10%-15%发生在50岁或以下的成年人中。

最近的研究表明,导致老年人卒中的相同因素,例如高血压,高胆固醇,肥胖症和糖尿病,也导致了年轻人卒中

Hachinski说,对于以上五种建议,不要觉得是一项艰巨的任务。只专注于一件事就可以开始。他说:“找出你所缺少的最重要的东西。比如运动或是饮食。

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    2021-08-25 李晓红

    值得宣传

    0

  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1011381, encodeId=6ccb1011381ba, content=值得宣传, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=55, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/vyAkV8zQqYbLSIGQRrZmSqLvwibFDXpiaOuvIibCUFSwLp2ID4nTOupHSU2ygjh7vUqoibglOLZwQrrF8SdchMVIibg/132, createdBy=02b72465928, createdName=李晓红, createdTime=Wed Aug 25 15:21:09 CST 2021, time=2021-08-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=973900, encodeId=7ba59e390075, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=60, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201018/1e37b07b849346038be41fe1dac7282c/3397137c98a4401787227b3a9565d458.jpg, createdBy=28372103731, createdName=星痕, createdTime=Tue Jun 15 22:30:08 CST 2021, time=2021-06-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=965222, encodeId=d3a296522243, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=dffa5465843, createdName=ms2000001361349190, createdTime=Thu May 13 15:22:20 CST 2021, time=2021-05-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=965092, encodeId=e3aa9650920e, content=已收藏, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=81, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210513/6bf11942823d4ba09d512c884570d3b7/8223e41355ab424e838618488f0eb10d.jpg, createdBy=e6ec2516256, createdName=采漫画的小蘑菇, createdTime=Thu May 13 06:32:51 CST 2021, time=2021-05-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1026851, encodeId=81731026851ef, content=卒中虽然是临床上常见病,溶栓,取栓等血管内治疗也很成熟,但是仍然有很多未知问题有待认知!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=健健, createdTime=Wed May 12 22:41:05 CST 2021, time=2021-05-12, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-06-15 星痕

    学习了

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1011381, encodeId=6ccb1011381ba, content=值得宣传, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=55, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/vyAkV8zQqYbLSIGQRrZmSqLvwibFDXpiaOuvIibCUFSwLp2ID4nTOupHSU2ygjh7vUqoibglOLZwQrrF8SdchMVIibg/132, createdBy=02b72465928, createdName=李晓红, createdTime=Wed Aug 25 15:21:09 CST 2021, time=2021-08-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=973900, encodeId=7ba59e390075, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=60, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201018/1e37b07b849346038be41fe1dac7282c/3397137c98a4401787227b3a9565d458.jpg, createdBy=28372103731, createdName=星痕, createdTime=Tue Jun 15 22:30:08 CST 2021, time=2021-06-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=965222, encodeId=d3a296522243, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=dffa5465843, createdName=ms2000001361349190, createdTime=Thu May 13 15:22:20 CST 2021, time=2021-05-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=965092, encodeId=e3aa9650920e, content=已收藏, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=81, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210513/6bf11942823d4ba09d512c884570d3b7/8223e41355ab424e838618488f0eb10d.jpg, createdBy=e6ec2516256, createdName=采漫画的小蘑菇, createdTime=Thu May 13 06:32:51 CST 2021, time=2021-05-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1026851, encodeId=81731026851ef, content=卒中虽然是临床上常见病,溶栓,取栓等血管内治疗也很成熟,但是仍然有很多未知问题有待认知!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=健健, createdTime=Wed May 12 22:41:05 CST 2021, time=2021-05-12, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-05-13 ms2000001361349190

    学习了

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1011381, encodeId=6ccb1011381ba, content=值得宣传, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=55, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/vyAkV8zQqYbLSIGQRrZmSqLvwibFDXpiaOuvIibCUFSwLp2ID4nTOupHSU2ygjh7vUqoibglOLZwQrrF8SdchMVIibg/132, createdBy=02b72465928, createdName=李晓红, createdTime=Wed Aug 25 15:21:09 CST 2021, time=2021-08-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=973900, encodeId=7ba59e390075, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=60, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201018/1e37b07b849346038be41fe1dac7282c/3397137c98a4401787227b3a9565d458.jpg, createdBy=28372103731, createdName=星痕, createdTime=Tue Jun 15 22:30:08 CST 2021, time=2021-06-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=965222, encodeId=d3a296522243, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=dffa5465843, createdName=ms2000001361349190, createdTime=Thu May 13 15:22:20 CST 2021, time=2021-05-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=965092, encodeId=e3aa9650920e, content=已收藏, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=81, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210513/6bf11942823d4ba09d512c884570d3b7/8223e41355ab424e838618488f0eb10d.jpg, createdBy=e6ec2516256, createdName=采漫画的小蘑菇, createdTime=Thu May 13 06:32:51 CST 2021, time=2021-05-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1026851, encodeId=81731026851ef, content=卒中虽然是临床上常见病,溶栓,取栓等血管内治疗也很成熟,但是仍然有很多未知问题有待认知!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=健健, createdTime=Wed May 12 22:41:05 CST 2021, time=2021-05-12, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-05-13 采漫画的小蘑菇

    已收藏

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1011381, encodeId=6ccb1011381ba, content=值得宣传, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=55, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/vyAkV8zQqYbLSIGQRrZmSqLvwibFDXpiaOuvIibCUFSwLp2ID4nTOupHSU2ygjh7vUqoibglOLZwQrrF8SdchMVIibg/132, createdBy=02b72465928, createdName=李晓红, createdTime=Wed Aug 25 15:21:09 CST 2021, time=2021-08-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=973900, encodeId=7ba59e390075, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=60, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20201018/1e37b07b849346038be41fe1dac7282c/3397137c98a4401787227b3a9565d458.jpg, createdBy=28372103731, createdName=星痕, createdTime=Tue Jun 15 22:30:08 CST 2021, time=2021-06-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=965222, encodeId=d3a296522243, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=dffa5465843, createdName=ms2000001361349190, createdTime=Thu May 13 15:22:20 CST 2021, time=2021-05-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=965092, encodeId=e3aa9650920e, content=已收藏, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=81, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210513/6bf11942823d4ba09d512c884570d3b7/8223e41355ab424e838618488f0eb10d.jpg, createdBy=e6ec2516256, createdName=采漫画的小蘑菇, createdTime=Thu May 13 06:32:51 CST 2021, time=2021-05-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1026851, encodeId=81731026851ef, content=卒中虽然是临床上常见病,溶栓,取栓等血管内治疗也很成熟,但是仍然有很多未知问题有待认知!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=健健, createdTime=Wed May 12 22:41:05 CST 2021, time=2021-05-12, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-05-12 健健

    卒中虽然是临床上常见病,溶栓,取栓等血管内治疗也很成熟,但是仍然有很多未知问题有待认知!

    0

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