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维生素K拮抗剂联合阿司匹林增加房颤患者心梗风险吗?

2017-07-21 MedSci MedSci原创

2017年6月,发表在《J Am Coll Cardiol》的一项由丹麦科学家进行的研究,考察了房颤患者使用抗凝药物与发生心肌梗死的相关性。背景:房颤(AF)患者卒中和心肌梗死(MI)等血栓栓塞事件的风险增加。虽然已经明确在AF患者中卒中预防抗凝治疗的有效性优于抗血小板药物,但是主要针对MI预防的最佳抗血栓治疗仍然不明确。目的:旨在调查考察不同抗栓治疗的AF患者中,首次MI的发生率,评估卒中和出血

2017年6月,发表在《J Am Coll Cardiol》的一项由丹麦科学家进行的研究,考察了房颤患者使用抗凝药物与发生心肌梗死的相关性。

背景:房颤(AF)患者卒中心肌梗死(MI)等血栓栓塞事件的风险增加。虽然已经明确在AF患者中卒中预防抗凝治疗的有效性优于抗血小板药物,但是主要针对MI预防的最佳抗血栓治疗仍然不明确。

目的:旨在调查考察不同抗栓治疗的AF患者中,首次MI的发生率,评估卒中和出血的风险。

方法:1997~2012年首次确诊为AF且无冠状动脉疾病史的患者通过丹麦全国行政注册鉴别出来。根据抗血栓治疗,患者分为不同时间暴露组。使用Poisson回归模型评估结局的相对风险。

结果:总共纳入71959名患者(中位75岁,47%为女性)。基线时,37359人(52%)接受维生素K拮抗剂(VKA)单一治疗,25458人(35%)乙酰水杨酸(ASA)单一治疗,8962人(13%)接受双重治疗(VKA+ASA)。MI的发生率为3%(2275人)。相对于VKA治疗组,ASA组(发病率比 [IRR],1.54;95%置信区间[CI],1.40~1.68)和双重治疗组(IRR,1.22;95% CI,1.06~1.40)的MI相关风险明显较高。双重治疗组的出血风险显明显较高(IRR,1.93;95% CI,1.81~2.07)。相对于VKA治疗的患者,卒中风险在ASA组(IRR,2.00;95% CI,1.88~2.12)和双重治疗组(IRR,1.30;95% CI,1.18~1.43)中都明显较高。

结论:与ASA单一治疗相比,AF患者VKA单一治疗与较低的首次MI和卒中风险相关。ASA和VKA联合治疗与MI风险降低不相关,且与出血风险增加相关。

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