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Nat Comm丨余巍/崔龙合作组揭示长寿基因SIRT3调控结直肠癌的新机制

2018-10-28 BioArt BioArt

结直肠癌是全世界最常见的一种消化道恶性肿瘤,随着我国生活水平的提高和生活方式的转变,结直肠癌的发病率和死亡率正呈现出逐年上升的态势,我国是全球结直肠癌每年新发病例最多的国家。目前,治疗结直肠癌主要通过手术切除肿瘤结合放、化疗辅助等手段。因而,从结直肠癌的致病机制以及影响疾病进程的遗传、表观遗传、代谢等因素出发,寻求新的诊断方法,药物靶点和预后干预手段十分必要。

直肠癌是全世界最常见的一种消化道恶性肿瘤,随着我国生活水平的提高和生活方式的转变,直肠癌的发病率和死亡率正呈现出逐年上升的态势,我国是全球结直肠癌每年新发病例最多的国家。目前,治疗结直肠癌主要通过手术切除肿瘤结合放、化疗辅助等手段。因而,从结直肠癌的致病机制以及影响疾病进程的遗传、表观遗传、代谢等因素出发,寻求新的诊断方法,药物靶点和预后干预手段十分必要。

近日,复旦大学生命科学学院余巍研究员与上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院崔龙教授课题组合作在Nature Communications 杂志上发表了题为Deacetylation of Serine Hydroxymethyl-transferase 2 by SIRT3 promotes Colorectal Carcinogenesis的研究成果,发现长寿基因SIRT3调控一碳单位代谢酶参与结直肠癌发生的新分子机制。

复旦大学余巍课题组长期从事去乙酰化酶sirtuins家族调控衰老以及肿瘤代谢相关疾病的分子机制研究。继2017年发表于PNAS关于SIRT1响应氧化应激调控酪氨酸tRNA合成酶的工作后(余巍组揭示乙酰化修饰对氨酰tRNA合成酶的调控及抑制超氧应激的分子机理),此次又揭示了sirtuins家族另一重要成员SIRT3调节肿瘤代谢的作用机制。

研究者发现线粒体主要去乙酰化酶SIRT3在葡萄糖饥饿的情况下能直接结合一碳单位代谢通路中一个关键代谢酶-丝氨酸羟甲基转移酶2(SHMT2, serine hydroxymethyltransferase 2)并能去除SHMT2 K95的乙酰化修饰,稳定SHMT2的细胞内表达以及维持SHMT2的高活性。SHMT2主要负责细胞内丝氨酸和甘氨酸的相互转换,高活性的SHMT2能帮助细胞抵抗线粒体的活性氧压力以及保证细胞内生物大分子的供应从而满足癌细胞快速增殖的需要。在结直肠癌病人样本中,研究人员发现,SIRT3和SHMT2协同高表达,相应地SHMT2 K95的乙酰化程度低。高表达SIRT3或SHMT2的结直肠癌病人术后总存活率低,预后差。

SHMT2 K95的乙酰化修饰促进了E3连接酶TRIM21的结合导致乙酰化的SHMT2通过K63多聚泛素依赖的大自噬途径降解(上图)。这种修饰也削弱了结直肠癌细胞的增殖速率和成瘤能力。在诱导的小鼠肠炎模型中,Sirt3基因的缺失显着降低小鼠小肠的肿瘤大小和数量。免疫组化染色表明Sirt3 -/-小鼠的肿瘤细胞中SHMT2的表达量明显减少。本研究还对SHMT2突变体进行了结构解析,发现SHMT2 K95R/Q的突变破坏了SHMT2完整的功能性四聚体结构,从而降低了其对底物丝氨酸的亲和,降低酶的活性。

此研究揭示了SIRT3-SHMT2调控轴在结直肠癌发生中发挥的作用,为开发靶向SIRT3-SHMT2调控轴治疗结直肠癌的靶向药物提供坚实的理论基础。

余巍课题组博士生魏珍和崔龙课题组博士生宋经略为本文共同第一作者。复旦大学余巍研究员、上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院崔龙教授、刘辰莹副研究员为共同通讯作者。复旦大学生命科学学院李继喜教授课题组对SHMT2突变体晶体结构提供解析,是本研究的共同作者。

原始出处:
Wei Z1, Song J2,3, Wang G2,3, et al.Deacetylation of serine hydroxymethyl-transferase 2 by SIRT3 promotes colorectal carcinogenesis.Nat Commun. 2018 Oct 26;9(1):4468. doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-06812-y.

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    2018-12-27 liye789132251
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