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世卫用希腊字母命名新冠病毒变异株

2021-06-01 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

当地时间31日,世界卫生组织(WHO)宣布,将使用希腊字母来标识重要的新冠突变病毒株。这些标签更容易读写,也更容易记忆。

当地时间31日,世界卫生组织(WHO)宣布,将使用希腊字母来标识重要的新冠突变病毒株。这些标签更容易读写,也更容易记忆。

此前,对新冠突变病毒株有不同的科学命名,它们携带着病毒谱系的重要信息,以后也将被继续使用。然而,这些科学命名通常比较难读或者难于记忆,也容易写错。

因此,人们经常会用病毒最先发现的地点来描述突变株,这会导致污名化和歧视的产生。为了防止这个问题并且简化与公众的交流,WHO鼓励各国政府、媒体以及其它人采纳这些新的标签。

WHO公布的值得关注的新冠突变病毒株(VOC)和待观察突变株(VOI)的命名如下

一直以来,将Sars-CoV-2命名为新冠病毒已经不再有什么争议,但是命名其各种变异就没有那么简单了。尽管可以将“印度变种”,“南非变种”或者“巴西变种”称为 B.1.617, B.1.351 或者P.1变种病毒,但除了病毒专业圈人士之外,对其他人来说,这类学术名称就很难区分了。几个月前出现的 B.1.1.7变异病毒,在德国通常被称为“英国变种”,而在英国本土这种病毒则被称为“肯特变种”。显然,英国人并不愿意将整个国家的名声同这个变异病毒联系在一起,因此宁愿牺牲肯特郡的声望,毕竟首例变异病毒就是在肯特郡被发现的。

社会学家Elizabeth Stokoe做了一个小实验。她在搜索引擎中输入“印度”一词,立即就会自动跳出“变种”两个字。而输入“英国”或“肯特”时,搜索引擎自动推出的字汇建议则同新冠无关,尽管“英国变种”也曾席卷全球。这一试验结果显示,“印度”和“病毒变种”两个词汇已经被密切联系到了一起。

英国科学家 Oliver Pybus甚至担心,地名命名所造成的烙印化甚至会阻碍防疫的进展。他对《自然》杂志表示: “ 我们最不希望看到的就是,有关国家不及时通报新发现的变种病毒。而地名命名方式恰恰会造成这种现象。”

世界卫生组织也意识到了这一问题,并展开了变异病毒命名问题的讨论,不过,迄今为止,尚未取得任何实质性突破。班贝格大学心理学家 Claus-Christian Carbon则呼吁彻底改变使用国名地名的做法:“

必须停止使用地名命名某种疾病的做法,从而杜绝同地名相关的联想。”他主张使用学术名称或者编号,认为只有这样才能避免价值判断或者没有根据的联想。

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    2021-06-01 公卫新人

    新冠肺炎,疫情何时才能消失

    0

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    2021-06-01 妖孽只在夜里哭

    #学习#学习了

    0

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