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Diabetes:北京大学杨吉春教授团队发表糖尿病发病机制研究成果

2017-04-20 佚名 生物帮

日前,国际内分泌-糖尿病领域的权威期刊《Diabetes》杂志上在线发表了北京大学基础医学院杨吉春教授团队题为“NFE2 Induces miR-423-5p to Promote Gluconeogenesis and Hyperglycemia by Repressing Hepatic FAM3A-ATP-Akt Pathway”和“Hepatic Activation of the FAM

日前,国际内分泌-糖尿病领域的权威期刊《Diabetes》杂志上在线发表了北京大学基础医学院杨吉春教授团队题为“NFE2 Induces miR-423-5p to Promote Gluconeogenesis and Hyperglycemia by Repressing Hepatic FAM3A-ATP-Akt Pathway”和“Hepatic Activation of the FAM3C-HSF1-CaM Pathway Attenuates Hyperglycemia of Obese Diabetic Mice”的两篇研究论文。论文揭示了以FAM3基因家族成员FAM3A及FAM3C为核心的非胰岛素依赖糖脂代谢调控网络。博士生杨卫利、陈真真和硕士生丁立伟是论文论文第一作者,杨吉春为两篇论文通讯作者。

课题组在前期研究中已揭示FAM3A是一个新线粒体蛋白,其在肝脏表达受抑制的2型糖尿病及非酒精性脂肪肝发生过程中起重要作用。然而,糖尿病发生时,肝脏FAM3A表达受抑制的机制尚不清楚(Hepatology 2014)。课题组结合生物信息学预测和一系列细胞生物学手段,证实FAM3A是miR-423-5p的靶基因。miR-423-5p可直接抑制FAM3A-ATP-CaM通路。在脂肪肝患者及糖尿病小鼠肝脏中,miR-423-5p表达异常升高。在糖尿病小鼠肝脏中抑制miR-423-5p可改善高血糖及脂肪肝,而在正常小鼠肝脏中过表达miR-423-5p则导致肝脏糖脂代谢异常。在脂肪肝患者及糖尿病小鼠肝脏中,NFE2表达水平明显增加。肥胖发生时,肝脏NFE2表达被激活,其通过诱导miR-423-5p表达抑制FAM3A-ATP-Akt通路,导致肝脏及全身糖脂代谢紊乱。抑制NFE2/miR-423-5p信号轴激活FAM3A表达有可能成为2型糖尿病的新干预策略。目前,课题组已筛选到数种激活FAM3A表达的小分子,其显示了良好的抗糖尿病、脂肪肝及肥胖效果。

在糖尿病小鼠肝脏组织中,FAM3基因家族另一成员FAM3C表达也显着降低。在糖尿病小鼠肝脏特异性过表达FAM3C基因后,小鼠高血糖、全身胰岛素抵抗及脂肪肝症状显着缓解。在糖尿病小鼠肝脏过表达FAM3C抑制糖脂异生关键基因的表达。FAM3C通过诱导CaM表达进而激活Akt,且这一过程不依赖胰岛素及细胞外Ca2+内流。研究进一步揭示FAM3C通过激活HSF1调控CALM1表达,抑制HSF1,能反转FAM3C对CALM1表达、Akt激活及糖异生抑制的作用。在激活Akt通路的同时,FAM3C还抑制mTOR-SREBP1C-FAS通路,抑制肝脏脂质合成,缓解脂肪肝。本研究揭示了在肥胖状况下,肝脏FAM3C表达下降将会抑制HSF1-CaM通路,导致糖代谢和脂代谢失调,而恢复FAM3C-HSF1-CaM信号通路有利于改善肝脏糖脂代谢异常。目前,课题组已筛选到了几种能激活FAM3C表达的小分子,正在评估其抗糖尿病效果。

随着糖尿病病情的发展,胰岛素抵抗及胰岛功能衰竭进行性加重,现有的很多干预药物往往难以有效控制血糖。该系列研究揭示FAM3A及FAM3C分别从功能性激活及转录水平激活CaM-Akt通路,以非胰岛素依赖途径抑制肝脏糖异生过程,缓解高血糖,为伴随严重胰岛素抵抗的2型糖尿病及脂肪肝患者治疗提供了数个潜在的干预靶点。

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    2017-04-21 三生有幸9135

    学习一下谢谢分享

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    2017-04-20 1e1263e3m20(暂无匿称)

    拜读了,多谢分享

    0

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