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Nat Commun:苹果配茶可预防癌症和心脏病,吸烟酗酒者更有效

2019-08-15 纪艳青 生物探索

澳大利亚Edith Cowan大学(ECU)最新研究显示,富含类黄酮(如苹果和茶)饮食,可以预防癌症和心脏病,尤其是对吸烟者和酗酒者有效。

澳大利亚Edith Cowan大学(ECU)最新研究显示,富含类黄酮(如苹果和茶)饮食,可以预防癌症和心脏病,尤其是对吸烟者和酗酒者有效。

水果和蔬菜的摄入量与心血管疾病(CVD)、癌症和全因死亡率有关。2013年,全球估计有780万人因水果和蔬菜摄入量低于800克/天而过早死亡。水果和蔬菜的好处部分归功于其中包含的类黄酮化合物。类黄酮化合物是一种多酚类化合物,还广泛存在于黑巧克力、茶和红酒等植物性食品和饮料中。


图片来源:Pixabay

在最新的研究中,来自ECU医学与健康科学学院的研究人员分析了丹麦饮食、癌症和健康队列的数据,该队列评估了23年来53,048名丹麦人的饮食。研究人员发现,习惯性食用中等至高含量的富含类黄酮食物的人,都不太可能死于癌症或心脏病。

吸烟和酗酒者注意了

首席研究员Nicola Bondonno博士表示,虽然这项研究发现那些食用富含类黄酮的食物的人死亡风险较低,但对于那些因吸烟和酗酒而患有慢性疾病风险的人来说这种“保命”效果更明显。

她说:“这些发现非常重要,因为它通过鼓励食用富含类黄酮的食物来强调预防癌症和心脏病的潜力,特别是在这些慢性疾病高危人群中。但值得关注的是,类黄酮摄入并不能抵消吸烟和高酒精摄入导致的所有死亡风险增加。到目前为止,为健康做的最好的事情就是戒烟和减少酒精。尽管改变生活方式很难,但鼓励类黄酮摄入可能是一种减轻疾病风险增加的新方法,而且鼓励戒烟、戒酒对身体健康也很重要。”

吃多少?

研究显示,每天摄入约500毫克总黄酮的参与者患癌症或心脏病相关死亡的风险最低。

其实,在不同的植物性食物和饮料中摄取各种不同的类黄酮化合物非常重要,因为它可以通过饮食轻松实现。一杯茶、一个苹果、一个橙子、100克蓝莓和100克西兰花可以提供各种类黄酮化合物以及超过500毫克的总黄酮。

研究者说

Bondonno博士说,虽然这项研究确定了类黄酮摄入与降低死亡风险之间存在很强的相关性,但类黄酮化合物保护效果的确切机制尚不清楚。她认为是,包括减少炎症在内的多方面机制。

因为吸烟及酒精摄入都会增加炎症并损害血管,增加一系列疾病风险。而类黄酮化合物已经被证明具有抗炎作用,可以改善血管功能。因此从这两方面来讲,或许可以解释为什么类黄酮化合物与心脏病和癌症的死亡风险降低有关。

展望未来,Bondonno博士计划,研究的下一步是评估类黄酮化合物与哪种特定类型的心血管疾病和癌症相关性最大。

原始出处:Nicola P. Bondonno, Frederik Dalgaard, Cecilie Kyrø, et al. Flavonoid intake is associated with lower mortality in the Danish Diet Cancer and Health Cohort. Nat Commun. 13 August 2019

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    2019-12-05 liuli5079
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    2020-04-12 liye789132251
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    2019-08-17 hbwxf
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    2019-08-17 jeanqiuqiu
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    2019-08-17 okhuali

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