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JACC:临床大发现:降脂还只知道“坏胆固醇”?你out了!

2021-03-19 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

他汀类药物治疗的患者,apoB和非HDL-C升高,而非LDL-C升高,与全因死亡风险和心梗风险较高相关。

根据既往认知,大家都已认定血液中的胆固醇和甘油三酯是血脂管理的重中之重,同时可以预测血管事件(CVD)的发生风险。其中,高密度脂蛋白(HDL)和低密度脂蛋白(LDL)是胆固醇中的一对“死对头”——LDL将脂质带到外周组织中,HDL更多是对胆固醇的反向转运,也就是不断将胆固醇从外周组织运输到肝脏。因此,LDL-胆固醇(LDL-C)一直被认为是“坏胆固醇”。

同时,动脉硬化是引发包括心肌梗死和动脉粥样硬化性心血管病(ASCVD)在内急性心血管事件的开端。因此,作为动脉硬化这一病变的核心驱动力——LDL-C是所有指南中一级与二级预防的主要治疗目标。

然而,随着研究的深入,其他血脂指标的作用也越来越受到关注,同时也出现越来越多的声音为LDL-C“平反”。

今年1月,发表在《美国心脏病学会杂志》(JACC)上的两项大型研究就激起了大家上述认知的争议:残余胆固醇,而非LDL-C或许才是引起ASCVD的罪魁祸首。这也从侧面说明,除外LDL-C,其它胆固醇指标也值得我们注意。

最近,由丹麦哥本哈根大学的专家JACC再次发表的最新研究再次支持了上述观点。研究表明,在接收降脂药——他汀类药物治疗的患者,apoB和非HDL-C升高,而非LDL-C升高,与全因死亡风险和心梗风险较高相关。

该研究总共纳入了哥本哈根市13015名接受他汀治疗的患者,进行了中位期为8年的随访。结果显示,apoB和非HDL-C升高与全因死亡和心肌梗死风险增加有关,而高LDL-C没有发现这种关联。

与apoB和非HDL-C都低于中位数患者相比:

1) apoB高于中位数而LDL-C低于中位数患者全因死亡率风险升高21%,心肌梗死风险升高49%;

2) 非HDL-C高于中位数而LDL-C低于中位数患者全因死亡率风险与心肌梗死风险则分别升高18%与78%;

3) 相反,LDL-C升高而apoB或非LDL降低则与上述风险增加无关;

4) apoB升高而非HDL-C降低的全因死亡率升高21%,但心肌梗死风险没有影响;

5) apoB和非HDL-C都高于中位数而LDL-C低于中位数的全因死亡率与心肌梗死风险分别增加23%与82%。

研究人员指出,在他汀类药物治疗的患者中,apoB和非HDL-C的升高,与全因死亡和心肌梗死的残余风险相关。为此,未来在心血管的二级预防中可能需要额外关注apoB的变化。

综上,在他汀治疗的患者中,apoB是比LDL-C或HDL-C更准确的全因死亡风险标志物,此外apoB也是比LDL-C更准确的心肌梗死风险标志物。

 

参考文献:

Apolipoprotein B and Non-HDL Cholesterol Better Reflect Residual Risk Than LDL Cholesterol in Statin-Treated Patients. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2021 Mar, 77 (11) 1439–1450

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    2021-08-07 hbwxf
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1854895, encodeId=465e1854895d9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=48351020537' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#JACC#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=85, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10205, encryptionId=48351020537, topicName=JACC)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=55ce62, createdName=hbwxf, createdTime=Sat Aug 07 05:47:02 CST 2021, time=2021-08-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=959245, encodeId=8a399592456b, content=对血脂的理解上升了一个新的高度, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=113, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTLyXfB3bOYOsDt885AsrYWhiaRtRdPh9aZlXugm7XErBVXusv5fJLIKWTicmjSQcOibDiaLzE2YMD44PA/132, createdBy=49f71976501, createdName=Doctoryangbai, createdTime=Thu Apr 22 00:30:48 CST 2021, time=2021-04-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1326751, encodeId=ce751326e5159, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=96c71804b7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ACC#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=80, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1804, encryptionId=96c71804b7, topicName=ACC)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1e452500029, createdName=12498568m50暂无昵称, createdTime=Sun Mar 21 01:47:02 CST 2021, time=2021-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=949602, encodeId=d8e5949602fc, content=学习了很多, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=84, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=1d3a3102792, createdName=yangquanzhong301, createdTime=Fri Mar 19 22:27:27 CST 2021, time=2021-03-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=949497, encodeId=2e1394949eb0, content=里程碑式的结论么, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=119, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200810/413f8b33b4e34dcd82cbfc3ffd0f8c3c/4393e48ea913472084d5677670d3b48b.jpg, createdBy=b52c5409947, createdName=WL, createdTime=Fri Mar 19 14:41:46 CST 2021, time=2021-03-19, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-04-22 Doctoryangbai

    对血脂的理解上升了一个新的高度

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1854895, encodeId=465e1854895d9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=48351020537' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#JACC#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=85, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10205, encryptionId=48351020537, topicName=JACC)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=55ce62, createdName=hbwxf, createdTime=Sat Aug 07 05:47:02 CST 2021, time=2021-08-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=959245, encodeId=8a399592456b, content=对血脂的理解上升了一个新的高度, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=113, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTLyXfB3bOYOsDt885AsrYWhiaRtRdPh9aZlXugm7XErBVXusv5fJLIKWTicmjSQcOibDiaLzE2YMD44PA/132, createdBy=49f71976501, createdName=Doctoryangbai, createdTime=Thu Apr 22 00:30:48 CST 2021, time=2021-04-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1326751, encodeId=ce751326e5159, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=96c71804b7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ACC#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=80, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1804, encryptionId=96c71804b7, topicName=ACC)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1e452500029, createdName=12498568m50暂无昵称, createdTime=Sun Mar 21 01:47:02 CST 2021, time=2021-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=949602, encodeId=d8e5949602fc, content=学习了很多, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=84, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=1d3a3102792, createdName=yangquanzhong301, createdTime=Fri Mar 19 22:27:27 CST 2021, time=2021-03-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=949497, encodeId=2e1394949eb0, content=里程碑式的结论么, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=119, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200810/413f8b33b4e34dcd82cbfc3ffd0f8c3c/4393e48ea913472084d5677670d3b48b.jpg, createdBy=b52c5409947, createdName=WL, createdTime=Fri Mar 19 14:41:46 CST 2021, time=2021-03-19, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
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    2021-03-19 yangquanzhong301

    学习了很多

    0

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    2021-03-19 WL

    里程碑式的结论么

    0

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