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解读:全国医疗卫生服务体系规划纲要(2015-2020年)

2015-04-01 佚名 新华社

全面规划未来五年我国医疗卫生资源——国务院医改办负责人解读《全国医疗卫生服务体系规划纲要(2015—2020年)》国务院办公厅近日印发《全国医疗卫生服务体系规划纲要(2015—2020年)》。规划纲要对我国医疗卫生资源作出怎样的调整和布局?未来五年,各级各类医疗机构开设在哪儿、规模多大?国务院医改办负责人30日对规划纲要进行了解读。问:医疗卫生服务资源总量不足是导致看病难问题的重要原因。2020年

全面规划未来五年我国医疗卫生资源
——国务院医改办负责人解读
《全国医疗卫生服务体系规划纲要(2015—2020年)》

国务院办公厅近日印发《全国医疗卫生服务体系规划纲要(2015—2020年)》。规划纲要对我国医疗卫生资源作出怎样的调整和布局?未来五年,各级各类医疗机构开设在哪儿、规模多大?国务院医改办负责人30日对规划纲要进行了解读。

问:医疗卫生服务资源总量不足是导致看病难问题的重要原因。2020年,我国医疗卫生资源总量要达到什么标准?

答:床位是医疗卫生服务体系的核心资源要素,是国际上衡量国家间卫生资源和服务能力的主要通用指标。

综合考虑人口总量、老龄化、城镇化等因素,结合全国床位数的历史变化趋势,同时借鉴国际相关经验,规划纲要提出,到2020年,我国每***口床位数达到6张的发展目标。这是我国首次对医疗机构发展床位规模提出了量化指标,适应了人民群众日益增长的健康服务需求,也契合了经济社会发展新形势。

问:目前我国卫生资源存在布局结构不合理、没有建立合理的分工协作机制等问题。规划纲要如何合理布局各级各类医疗卫生机构?

答:2009年3月,中央下发了关于深化医药卫生体制改革的指导意见,指出进一步完善医疗服务体系,坚持公立医疗机构为主导、非公立医疗机构共同发展的办医原则,但具体办多少、怎么办没有明确部署。

规划纲要充分考虑经济社会发展水平和医疗卫生资源现状,统筹不同区域、类型、层级的医疗卫生资源的数量和布局,首次明确了各级各类公立医疗机构的建设数量和规模,即:每个行政村应当设置1个村卫生室。每个乡镇办好1所标准化建设的乡镇卫生院,在每个街道办事处范围或每3万至10万居民规划设置1所社区卫生服务中心。县级原则上设1个县办综合性医院和1个中医类医院。地市级区域依据常住人口数,每100万至200万人设置1至2个市办综合性医院,含中医类医院,服务半径一般为50公里左右。地广人稀的地区人口规模可以适当放宽。省级区域划分片区,依据常住人口数,每1000万人规划设置1至2个省办综合性医院。京津冀、长三角、珠三角等地区探索建立跨区域医疗卫生机构。同时,按照统筹规划、提升能级、辐射带动的原则,在全国规划布局设置若干部门办医院。

问:对于非公立医疗机构的发展,规划纲要提出了怎样的思路?

答:推动社会办医是满足人民群众多元化医疗卫生服务需求的重大举措,中央高度重视,新一轮医改启动后国务院两次专门下发鼓励社会办医文件,但社会一直反映民营资本难以进入医疗卫生事业领域。

这次制订规划纲要,从床位标准、设备购置以及政策扶持等方面对社会办医给予支持,明确了到2020年,按照每千常住人口不低于1.5张床位为社会办医院预留规划空间,同步预留诊疗科目设置和大型医用设备配置空间,同时,鼓励公立医院与社会力量以合资合作的方式共同举办新的非营利性医疗机构,个体诊所的设置不受规划布局限制等。

这些硬性要求,突破了各种障碍,是送给民营资本实实在在的利好政策,将会有力地推动社会办医的快速发展。

问:人才是医疗卫生资源不可或缺的内容。规划纲要如何加强人才建设?

答:规划避免了重“物”不重“人”,对人才配备、培养和使用三个环节作出了要求,提出了医院、基层医疗卫生机构、专业公共卫生机构的人员配备标准,明确了人才培养培训的目标和方向。到2020年,每千常住人口执业(助理)医师数达到2.5人,注册护士数达到3.14人,医护比达到1:1.25,市办及以上医院床护比不低于1:0.6,公共卫生人员数达到0.83人。

这些部署将从根本上促进扭转长期以来我国医疗卫生事业发展重硬件设施建设、轻软件内涵发展的状况。

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    2016-02-20 respect
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    2015-04-01 2014lb3

    还需时间验证…

    0

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