脑膜MAIT细胞具有抗氧化、维持脑膜屏障完整性和认知功能的作用

中文摘要

越来越多的证据表明，免疫细胞和大脑之间存在密切的相互作用，这改变了传统的大脑免疫豁免的观点。然而，免疫细胞促进正常神经功能的具体机制尚不完全清楚。粘膜相关不变T细胞（MAIT细胞）是一种独特类型的先天性T细胞，其分子和功能特性有待更好地解析。在本研究中，他们报道了MAIT细胞存在于脑膜中，并表达高水平的抗氧化分子。小鼠MAIT细胞缺陷导致脑膜中活性氧化物质的积累，导致连接蛋白表达减少和脑膜屏障渗漏。MAIT细胞的存在限制了大脑中的神经炎症，并保护了学习和记忆。总之，他们的研究揭示了MAIT细胞在脑膜中的新功能作用，并表明脑膜免疫细胞可以通过维持脑膜屏障的稳态和完整性来帮助维持正常的神经功能。

英文摘要

Increasing evidence indicates close interaction between immune cells and the brain, revising the traditional view of the immune privilege of the brain. However, the specific mechanisms by which immune cells promote normal neural function are not entirely understood. Mucosal-associated invariant T cells (MAIT cells) are a unique type of innate-like T cell with molecular and functional properties that remain to be better characterized. In the present study, we report that MAIT cells are present in the meninges and express high levels of antioxidant molecules. MAIT cell deficiency in mice results in the accumulation of reactive oxidative species in the meninges, leading to reduced expression of junctional protein and meningeal barrier leakage. The presence of MAIT cells restricts neuroinflammation in the brain and preserves learning and memory. Together, our work reveals a new functional role for MAIT cells in the meninges and suggests that meningeal immune cells can help maintain normal neural function by preserving meningeal barrier homeostasis and integrity.