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自然疫源性传染性疾病导致的肾脏受累

2017-12-11 MedSci MedSci原创

本病临床表现变化多端,就个别病人而言,其临床表现可以很简便,仅表现为局部脓肿,或很复杂而表现为几个脏器和系统同时受累。本病肺部受累的情况在之前的病例推荐有提到过,今天这篇是关于该病的肾脏受累的病例。病史:患者男,45岁,平素体健,偶有吸烟及饮酒,生于北京,久居北京,从事供电工作,时有野外工作。否认牛、羊接触史及喝生奶、吃生肉史。患者于10天前在家中无明显诱因下出现发热,体温最高达39.5℃,伴轻度


本病临床表现变化多端,就个别病人而言,其临床表现可以很简便,仅表现为局部脓肿,或很复杂而表现为几个脏器和系统同时受累。本病肺部受累的情况在之前的病例推荐有提到过,今天这篇是关于该病的肾脏受累的病例。

病史

患者男,45岁,平素体健,偶有吸烟及饮酒,生于北京,久居北京,从事供电工作,时有野外工作。否认牛、羊接触史及喝生奶、吃生肉史

患者于10在家中明显诱因下出现发热,体温最高达39.5℃,伴轻度头痛、双下肢以及腰部肌肉酸痛,伴牙龈肿痛,偶咳嗽

患病期间,患者无咳痰,无恶心、呕吐、腹痛、腹泻、皮疹。自行服用头孢菌素(具体不详)及退热药物,无明显疗效。2前就诊于当地医院。实验室检查:外周血白细胞计数10.85×10^9/L,中性粒细胞61.4%,淋巴细胞32.6%,血小板计数404×10^9/L,尿隐血试验(++),尿蛋白(+)。考虑上呼吸道感染,应用头孢美唑钠静脉滴注等治疗无效。

1前患者就诊于我院急诊,实验室检查:外周血白细胞计数8.5×109/L,中性粒细胞0.608,淋巴细胞0.321,为进一步诊治收住入院

查体

患者意识神清,精神疲软头颅发育正常,双侧牙龈局部红肿,扁桃体不大双肺呼吸音粗,未闻及明显干湿哕音;心界不大,心律齐腹软,无明显压痛和反跳痛,肝脾肋下未触及,右肾区可疑叩痛双下肢未触及水肿。

辅助检查:

***凝集试验阳性(1:80)

三次血培养(需氧)均为******

腹部超声右肾上极实质内液性区,长轴3.5cm,直径2.4cm

腹部增强CT右肾上级肾实质内类圆形低密度区,部分边界清除,部分边界模糊,增强扫描后囊壁轻度强化,中央未见明显强化,病变性质考虑脓肿可能大

彩色多普勒超声引导下右肾脏穿刺抽液为陈旧血液2rnL,培养出******

血常规:白细胞计数7.99×10^9/L中性粒细胞50.9%、淋巴细胞36.4%、血红蛋白Hb127g/L血小板计数337×109/L红细胞10~15/HP

其他:C反应蛋白57mg/L血降钙素原0.1ng/mLIgM阴性IgG阴性

追问病史:

在血培养获得阳性结果后追问时才获知患者近期曾与同伴采购羊胎和内脏喂狗,且该同伴近期有类似发热。这提醒临床工作者,对于疑诊***病患者要更为细致地对流行病学史进行排查,而不是局限于家中饲养牛、羊或喝生奶、吃生肉。总之,该患者为有阳性流行病学史、通过血培养和肾脓肿穿刺液培养获得确凿病原学证据的***致肾脓肿病例,诊断明确且经过治疗好转。

简要解析:

本病研究很多,但迄今尚未完全阐明。一般认为,病原体经皮肤黏膜侵入人体后,主要经淋巴管侵入局部淋巴结生长繁殖并被巨噬细胞吞噬,如在该处未被消灭则形成感染灶,经大量生长繁殖后冲破淋巴结屏障而进入血液循环,在血循环中病原体继续生长、繁殖、死亡、释放内毒素,遂产生菌血症,毒血症。内毒素在急性期症状的发生中起重要作用,1mg内毒素可使体温上升至40.5℃并引起严重的全身症状。此时如人体的免疫功能正常,可通过T细胞、巨噬细胞和特异性抗体的联合作用将细菌清除而痊愈。如果特异性免疫功能不能将细菌清除,则细菌可随血液,特别是巨噬细胞进入各器官组织形成感染灶或迁徙性病灶。病灶中的细菌又可多次进入血液循环而形成复发和各种变态反应性表现。至慢性期,则细菌主要局限于各器官组织,形成局部病变。也可能细菌已被清除,而由变态反应引起局部病变。病原体主要寄生于细胞内,抗菌药物不易进入而发挥作用,这可能是难以根治的原因之一。本病的病理变化极为广泛,几乎所有器官组织均可被侵犯。其中以单核吞噬细胞系统最为常见。在急性期常有弥漫性细胞增生,慢性期则可出现由上皮细胞、巨噬细胞、浆细胞及淋巴细胞组成的肉芽肿。这种肉芽肿和人类结节病的病变类似,无干酪样坏死,乃本病的典型病变。其余如心血管系统、运动系统、生殖系统、神经系统等均常有轻重不等的病变。

更多点评分析,趣味的学习,详情尽在梅斯医生上,您可以在这里体验模拟诊疗

完整病例请前往【梅斯医生】→病例库→感染科→“发热10天

该病与先前的一份病例具有相同的病原体,点击此链接回看:http://m.medsci.cn/article/show_article.do?id=ef71118e0975


下载链接:http://www.bioon.com/index_forword.asp?id=9429

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    2018-10-30 xzw113
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1911494, encodeId=775c1911494a5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=77b3259009f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#传染性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=104, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=25900, encryptionId=77b3259009f, topicName=传染性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2317301, createdName=xzw113, createdTime=Tue Oct 30 02:02:00 CST 2018, time=2018-10-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=268693, encodeId=97752686935b, content=已学习并已分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=113, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20231215/ac08b4d4cecf4bd3b9af86e00dcbca38/f6b6a60efd854ff191eb5c611ec7dd12.jpg, createdBy=8afb2071832, createdName=15938038573红旗飘飘, createdTime=Mon Dec 11 21:07:00 CST 2017, time=2017-12-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=268645, encodeId=9a7b2686455b, content=非常好的文章.学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=117, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7LIiaRZTzJ3SEfiauCzTMPW7YvPPYLNJBXG9oh6Al1icq2VQQkIHWxqXehcicTS62YKJVBhxeth3wggw/0, createdBy=7ce01621306, createdName=天涯183, createdTime=Mon Dec 11 17:12:09 CST 2017, time=2017-12-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=268632, encodeId=431d2686322e, content=是布病吗?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=109, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=48ce1618316, createdName=stupidox, createdTime=Mon Dec 11 15:46:28 CST 2017, time=2017-12-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=268620, encodeId=d54f26862001, content=学习学习.了解了解, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=107, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=93f31631454, createdName=1dd8c52fm63(暂无匿称), createdTime=Mon Dec 11 15:39:25 CST 2017, time=2017-12-11, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-12-11 15938038573红旗飘飘

    已学习并已分享

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1911494, encodeId=775c1911494a5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=77b3259009f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#传染性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=104, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=25900, encryptionId=77b3259009f, topicName=传染性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2317301, createdName=xzw113, createdTime=Tue Oct 30 02:02:00 CST 2018, time=2018-10-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=268693, encodeId=97752686935b, content=已学习并已分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=113, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20231215/ac08b4d4cecf4bd3b9af86e00dcbca38/f6b6a60efd854ff191eb5c611ec7dd12.jpg, createdBy=8afb2071832, createdName=15938038573红旗飘飘, createdTime=Mon Dec 11 21:07:00 CST 2017, time=2017-12-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=268645, encodeId=9a7b2686455b, content=非常好的文章.学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=117, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7LIiaRZTzJ3SEfiauCzTMPW7YvPPYLNJBXG9oh6Al1icq2VQQkIHWxqXehcicTS62YKJVBhxeth3wggw/0, createdBy=7ce01621306, createdName=天涯183, createdTime=Mon Dec 11 17:12:09 CST 2017, time=2017-12-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=268632, encodeId=431d2686322e, content=是布病吗?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=109, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=48ce1618316, createdName=stupidox, createdTime=Mon Dec 11 15:46:28 CST 2017, time=2017-12-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=268620, encodeId=d54f26862001, content=学习学习.了解了解, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=107, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=93f31631454, createdName=1dd8c52fm63(暂无匿称), createdTime=Mon Dec 11 15:39:25 CST 2017, time=2017-12-11, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-12-11 天涯183

    非常好的文章.学习了

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1911494, encodeId=775c1911494a5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=77b3259009f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#传染性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=104, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=25900, encryptionId=77b3259009f, topicName=传染性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2317301, createdName=xzw113, createdTime=Tue Oct 30 02:02:00 CST 2018, time=2018-10-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=268693, encodeId=97752686935b, content=已学习并已分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=113, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20231215/ac08b4d4cecf4bd3b9af86e00dcbca38/f6b6a60efd854ff191eb5c611ec7dd12.jpg, createdBy=8afb2071832, createdName=15938038573红旗飘飘, createdTime=Mon Dec 11 21:07:00 CST 2017, time=2017-12-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=268645, encodeId=9a7b2686455b, content=非常好的文章.学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=117, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7LIiaRZTzJ3SEfiauCzTMPW7YvPPYLNJBXG9oh6Al1icq2VQQkIHWxqXehcicTS62YKJVBhxeth3wggw/0, createdBy=7ce01621306, createdName=天涯183, createdTime=Mon Dec 11 17:12:09 CST 2017, time=2017-12-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=268632, encodeId=431d2686322e, content=是布病吗?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=109, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=48ce1618316, createdName=stupidox, createdTime=Mon Dec 11 15:46:28 CST 2017, time=2017-12-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=268620, encodeId=d54f26862001, content=学习学习.了解了解, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=107, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=93f31631454, createdName=1dd8c52fm63(暂无匿称), createdTime=Mon Dec 11 15:39:25 CST 2017, time=2017-12-11, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-12-11 stupidox

    是布病吗?

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1911494, encodeId=775c1911494a5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=77b3259009f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#传染性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=104, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=25900, encryptionId=77b3259009f, topicName=传染性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2317301, createdName=xzw113, createdTime=Tue Oct 30 02:02:00 CST 2018, time=2018-10-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=268693, encodeId=97752686935b, content=已学习并已分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=113, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20231215/ac08b4d4cecf4bd3b9af86e00dcbca38/f6b6a60efd854ff191eb5c611ec7dd12.jpg, createdBy=8afb2071832, createdName=15938038573红旗飘飘, createdTime=Mon Dec 11 21:07:00 CST 2017, time=2017-12-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=268645, encodeId=9a7b2686455b, content=非常好的文章.学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=117, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7LIiaRZTzJ3SEfiauCzTMPW7YvPPYLNJBXG9oh6Al1icq2VQQkIHWxqXehcicTS62YKJVBhxeth3wggw/0, createdBy=7ce01621306, createdName=天涯183, createdTime=Mon Dec 11 17:12:09 CST 2017, time=2017-12-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=268632, encodeId=431d2686322e, content=是布病吗?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=109, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=48ce1618316, createdName=stupidox, createdTime=Mon Dec 11 15:46:28 CST 2017, time=2017-12-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=268620, encodeId=d54f26862001, content=学习学习.了解了解, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=107, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=93f31631454, createdName=1dd8c52fm63(暂无匿称), createdTime=Mon Dec 11 15:39:25 CST 2017, time=2017-12-11, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-12-11 1dd8c52fm63(暂无匿称)

    学习学习.了解了解

    0

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