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JAMA Neurol:血胆固醇水平和脑淀粉样蛋白含量相关

2014-02-26 lighthouse dxy

中枢神经系统的Aβ沉积是阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’s disease, AD)最重要的病理变化之一。而血胆固醇代谢和Aβ的形成、沉积以及清除密切相关,因而血胆固醇水平可能是AD的重要预测因素之一。然而,既往关于血胆固醇水平和AD患病风险的流行病学研究结果并不一致。有研究发现中年时总胆固醇水平高的人群老年时罹患AD 的风险增高,而一些研究则发现HDL-胆固醇水平高预测AD的患病风险减低。还有

中枢神经系统的Aβ沉积是阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’s disease, AD)最重要的病理变化之一。而血胆固醇代谢和Aβ的形成、沉积以及清除密切相关,因而血胆固醇水平可能是AD的重要预测因素之一。然而,既往关于血胆固醇水平和AD患病风险的流行病学研究结果并不一致。有研究发现中年时总胆固醇水平高的人群老年时罹患AD 的风险增高,而一些研究则发现HDL-胆固醇水平高预测AD的患病风险减低。还有一些研究结果提示血胆固醇水平和AD患病风险无关。近期,来自加州大学伯克利分校的研究人员采用活体Aβ成像技术,研究了多种血脂水平和脑部Aβ含量的关系,以揭示血脂紊乱和AD的潜在联系。【原文下载】

该多中心、横断面研究一共入组了74名研究对象,包括3名轻度痴呆患者,38名轻度认知障碍(MCI)患者以及33名正常老人。对入组对象予以血浆总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)以及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)的测量,采用C11-PIB进行脑部Aβ含量的测量以分析其相关性。结果显示,对年龄以及APOE基因型校正之后,该人群的LDL-C、HDL-C和Aβ含量存在相关性。其中,HDL-C和水平和PIB指数(反应Aβ含量)呈负相关(p=0.02),而LDL-C水平则与之呈负相关(p=0.03)。血总胆固醇水平与Aβ含量无关,患者是否应用他汀类药物亦和脑部Aβ含量无关。

这一体内研究的结果验证了先前的流行病学、动物研究、体外实验以及部分尸检结果所显示出的胆固醇水平和Aβ含量的关系,进一步提示血脂代谢在Aβ形成以及清除中扮演了重要角色。该研究的重要意义在于,将血胆固醇水平这一可控因素与Aβ沉积联系起来,而后者正是目前所知AD发病最重要的病理生理环节之一。因而,对特定人群进行血脂调节干预,将可能有助于减低AD的患病风险。

图1.  不同血脂水平的人群分布
该图显示了整个研究人群和PIB成像结果阳性人群的血脂分布情况。血线右侧表示血脂水平高于美国心脏病学会所制定的标准。LDL-C,低密度脂蛋白胆固醇;HDL-C,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇。图中的数值乘以0.0259后等于胆固醇浓度(单位:mM/L)。

图2. 低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平对脑部Aβ含量的独立影响。
(A)LDL-C和Aβ含量的线性回归分析;(B)HDL-C和Aβ含量的线性回归分析。图中的数值乘以0.0259后等于胆固醇浓度(单位:mM/L)。

原始出处:
Reed B1, Villeneuve S2, Mack W3, Decarli C1, Chui HC3, Jagust W2.Associations between serum cholesterol levels and cerebral amyloidosis.JAMA Neurol. 2014 Feb 1;71(2):195-200. doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2013.5390.【原文下载】

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    2014-11-15 yinhl1978
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    2014-02-26 honglian

    此项研究进行部分尸检,患者家属同意吗

    0

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