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Gastroenterology:术后慢性肠炎抗生素治疗策略研究

2019-10-10 MedSci MedSci原创

研究认为,为了避免抗生素依赖疾病及其后果,应采用短期交替抗生素、营养和微生物群干预治疗肠道手术后慢性肠炎

溃疡性结肠炎患者在全直肠切除术和回肠袋肛吻合术后易发生慢性肠炎,需接受抗生素治疗。部分复发患者或形成抗生素依赖性,需要重复或长期抗生素治疗。近日研究人员考察了与抗生素治疗相关的微生物因素。

49名慢性肠炎患者参与研究,采集234个粪便样本,患者接受环丙沙星和或甲硝唑抗生素治疗,患者平均累积抗生素治疗425天。使用基因组学测定钙卫蛋白并对粪便DNA进行测序,从粪便标本中分离出细菌株。研究人员评价了细菌株的环丙沙星抗性和诱导人肠道上皮细胞HT-29分泌炎性细胞因子的能力。

大多数接受抗生素治疗的患者(79%)对每个疗程的抗生素都有临床反应,然而,89%完成4周疗程的患者在3个月内复发。钙卫蛋白对抗生素的反应下降了40%。抗生素治疗减少了与疾病相关的细菌,如产气荚膜梭菌(clostridium perfringens)、活泼瘤球菌(ruminococcoccus gnavus)和肺炎克雷伯菌(klebsiella pneumoniae),但也减少了有益的物种,如普氏粪杆菌(faecalibacterium prausnitzii)。抗生素敏感型患者的微生物中,兼性厌氧属(埃希氏菌、肠球菌和链球菌)占主导,具有多种环丙沙星抗性突变,证实了药物抗性。然而,这些菌株的毒力较低,不诱导上皮细胞分泌炎性细胞因子。抗生素停药后,患者的微生物组分发生突变,口腔和疾病相关细菌大量繁殖。此外,获得多药耐药位点的菌株在抗生素治疗后富集,编码非相关抗生素抗性酶,包括广谱的BETA-乳酸酶。

研究认为,为了避免抗生素依赖疾病及其后果,应采用短期交替抗生素、营养和微生物群干预治疗肠道手术后慢性肠炎。

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    2019-12-04 许安
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