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Preprints:新冠肺炎两大易感因素:肥胖和癌症,缘于ACE2表达量更高

2020-02-25 转化医学网 中国生物技术网

近日,北京大学的陆荫英团队在预印本网站Preprint.org上发表重要结果,通过大数据分析发现脂肪组织和5种癌症组织中ACE2表达量比肺部更高,提示肥胖人群和特定种类癌症更具新冠病毒的易感性,对这些人群作出重点保护将是防疫工作的关键环节。

近日,北京大学的陆荫英团队在预印本网站Preprint.org上发表重要结果,通过大数据分析发现脂肪组织和5种癌症组织中ACE2表达量比肺部更高,提示肥胖人群和特定种类癌症更具新冠病毒的易感性,对这些人群作出重点保护将是防疫工作的关键环节。

血管紧张素转化酶ACE2是新冠病毒结合受体,两者间具有极高的亲和力。据此,研究者认为表达ACE2的细胞和组织即为SARS-CoV-2的潜在靶标,并提出以下两个假设:

第一,脂肪组织能否被新冠病毒感染?此前研究证明,脂肪组织可以被H5N1流感病毒、HIV等多种病毒感染,肥胖者感染甲型流感后症状持续时间较非肥胖者长42%。但目前尚未有研究阐释SARS-CoV-2与脂肪组织,或COVID-19发病率与肥胖之间的关系。

第二,2月14日广州医科大学的何健行团队在柳叶刀子刊发表的评述称,临床上癌症患者患新冠肺炎的风险更高、预后更差,那么不同种类癌症受SARS-CoV-2侵袭的可能性是否有差别?

研究者们通过对HCCDB、HPA、UALCAN和GEPIA2等数据库的分析,对以上两个假设作出解答。

1. 脂肪组织可能被SARS-CoV-2感染

研究者发现,除之前报道的心脏、肾、肠道和睾丸以外,胆囊和脂肪组织(包括皮下脂肪和内脏脂肪)的ACE2 RNA表达水平显著高于肺部。

不同组织中ACE2受体的表达量

研究者进而比较从肥胖者和非肥胖者体内分离出的脂肪细胞中ACE2受体含量,发现并无明显差异,但肥胖者中脂肪组织更丰富,ACE2受体总量更大,SARS-CoV-2的易感性更高。


肥胖者和非肥胖者脂肪细胞中ACE2表达量近似

2. 五种癌症患者在疫情中需要得到更严格的保护

研究者发现五种癌症,包括宫颈鳞状细胞癌和宫颈内膜腺癌、胰腺腺癌、腺癌、肾乳头状细胞癌、肾透明细胞癌等肿瘤组织中 ACE2表达较周围组织更高,前三种尤甚。其中胰腺癌组织ACE2表达量显著高于肺部,宫颈癌组织ACE2表达量与肺部相近,因此这几种癌症患者被SARS-CoV-2感染的可能性增加。


不同类型癌症中ACE2受体的表达量

本文综合此前研究,提示肥胖人群和5种癌症患者可能是新冠肺炎的高危易感人群,是防疫工作中的重点防护对象。尽管有待临床数据的进一步验证,这些发现依然具有重要的现实意义:临床上应对新冠肺炎轻症的肥胖人群和癌症患者给予特殊关注,注意其可能具有更长的病程或更高的重症风险。

原始出处:
Jia, X., et al. Two Things about COVID-19 Might Need Attention. Preprints. 23 Feb, 2020.

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    2020-06-21 shanyongle
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1940639, encodeId=c556194063908, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=594390282b3' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#表达量#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=93, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=90282, encryptionId=594390282b3, topicName=表达量)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=87f580, createdName=yilong5287542, createdTime=Wed Apr 01 18:31:00 CST 2020, time=2020-04-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1655996, encodeId=fd8816559964a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2a011829d7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ACE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=72, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1829, encryptionId=2a011829d7, topicName=ACE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=635024767990, createdName=shanyongle, createdTime=Sun Jun 21 00:31:00 CST 2020, time=2020-06-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1278894, encodeId=cec012e8894ad, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=de7e14645e6' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PrEP#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=82, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14645, encryptionId=de7e14645e6, topicName=PrEP)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e12a151, createdName=yangeasy, createdTime=Thu Feb 27 11:31:00 CST 2020, time=2020-02-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1382995, encodeId=434f138299545, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b4c118301c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ACE2#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=103, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1830, encryptionId=b4c118301c, topicName=ACE2)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e572480, createdName=旅苦化文_208, createdTime=Thu Feb 27 11:31:00 CST 2020, time=2020-02-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1027274, encodeId=a8ed102e274fb, content=新冠肺炎,疫情何时才能消失, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=93, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=公卫新人, createdTime=Tue Feb 25 23:31:00 CST 2020, time=2020-02-25, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-02-27 yangeasy
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    2020-02-25 公卫新人

    新冠肺炎,疫情何时才能消失

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